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Multi-Task Learning Model with Data Augmentation for Arabic Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis

computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4419-4444页

作者： Arwa Saif Fadel Osama Ahmed Abulnaja Mostafa Elsayed Saleh Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Sciences and EngineeringHodeidah UniversityYemen

Aspect-based sentiment analysis(ABSA)is a fine-grained *** fundamental subtasks are aspect termextraction(ATE)and aspect polarity classification(APC),and these subtasks are dependent and closely ***,most existing works on Arabic ABSA content separately address them,assume that aspect terms are preidentified,or use a pipeline *** solutions design different models for each task,and the output from the ATE model is used as the input to the APC model,which may result in error propagation among different steps because APC is affected by ATE *** methods are impractical for real-world scenarios where the ATE task is the base task for APC,and its result impacts the accuracy of ***,in this study,we focused on a multi-task learning model for Arabic ATE and APC in which the model is jointly trained on two subtasks simultaneously in a *** paper integrates themulti-task model,namely Local Cotext Foucse-Aspect Term Extraction and Polarity classification(LCF-ATEPC)and Arabic Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers(AraBERT)as a shred layer for Arabic contextual text *** LCF-ATEPC model is based on a multi-head selfattention and local context focus mechanism(LCF)to capture the interactive information between an aspect and its ***,data augmentation techniques are proposed based on state-of-the-art augmentation techniques(word embedding substitution with constraints and contextual embedding(AraBERT))to increase the diversity of the training *** paper examined the effect of data augmentation on the multi-task model for Arabic *** experiments were conducted on the original and combined datasets(merging the original and augmented datasets).Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Multi-task model outperformed existing APC *** results were obtained by AraBERT and LCF-ATEPC with fusion layer(AR-LCF-ATEPC-Fusion)and the proposed data augmentation

关键词： Arabic aspect extraction arabic sentiment classification AraBERT multi-task learning data augmentation

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High-Secured Image LSB Steganography Using AVL-Tree with Random RGB Channel Substitution

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 183-211页

作者： Murad Njoum Rossilawati Sulaiman Zarina Shukur Faizan Qamar Center of Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia Computer Science and Cyber Security Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyBirZeit UniversityBirZeitRamallahP.O.Box 14Palestine

Random pixel selection is one of the image steganography methods that has achieved significant success in enhancing the robustness of hidden *** property makes it difficult for steganalysts’powerful data extraction tools to detect the hidden data and ensures high-quality stego image ***,using a seed key to generate non-repeated sequential numbers takes a long time because it requires specific mathematical *** addition,these numbers may cluster in certain *** hidden data in these clustered pixels will reduce the image quality,which steganalysis tools can ***,this paper proposes a data structure that safeguards the steganographic model data and maintains the quality of the stego *** paper employs the AdelsonVelsky and Landis(AVL)tree data structure algorithm to implement the randomization pixel selection technique for data *** AVL tree algorithm provides several advantages for image ***,it ensures balanced tree structures,which leads to efficient data retrieval and insertion ***,the self-balancing nature of AVL trees minimizes clustering by maintaining an even distribution of pixels,thereby preserving the stego image *** data structure employs the pixel indicator technique for Red,Green,and Blue(RGB)channel *** green channel serves as the foundation for building a balanced binary ***,the sender identifies the colored cover image and secret *** sender will use the two least significant bits(2-LSB)of RGB channels to conceal the data’s size and associated *** next step is to create a balanced binary tree based on the green *** the channel pixel indicator on the LSB of the green channel,we can conceal bits in the 2-LSB of the red or blue *** first four levels of the data structure tree will mask the data size,while subsequent levels will conceal the remaining digits of secret *** embedding the bits i

关键词： Image steganography pixel random selection(PRS) AVL tree peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR) imperceptibility capacity

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Adaptive isomap feature extractive gradient deep belief network classifier for diabetic retinopathy identification

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第9期84卷 6349-6370页

作者： Singh, Alka Kumar, Rakesh Gandomi, Amir H. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology Gorakhpur India Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology University of Technology Sydney SydneyNSW Australia Óbuda University Budapest1034 Hungary

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an infection that bases eternal visualization loss in patients with diabetes mellitus. With DR, the glucose level in the blood increases, as well as its viscosity, this results in fluid leakage into surrounding tissues in the retina. In other words, DR represents the pathology of capillaries and venules in the retina with leakage effects, being the main acute retinal disorder caused by diabetes. Many DR detection methods have been previously discussed by different researchers;however, accurate DR detection with a reduced execution time has not been achieved by existing methods. The proposed method, the Shape Adaptive box linear filtering-based Gradient Deep Belief network classifier (SAGDEB) Model, is performed to enhance the accuracy of DR detection. The objective of the SAGDEB Model is to perform an efficient DR identification with a higher accuracy and lower execution time. This model comprises three phases: pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. The shape adaptive box linear filtering image pre-processing is carried out to reduce the image noise without removing significant parts of image content. Then, an isomap geometric feature extraction is performed to compute features of different natures, like shape, texture, and color, from the pre-processed images. After that, the Adaptive gradient Tversky Deep belief network classifier is to perform classification. The deep belief network is probabilistic and generative graphical model that consists of multiple layers such as one input unit, three hidden units, and one output unit. The extracted image featuresare considered in the input layer and these images are sent to hidden layers. Tversky similarity index is applied in hidden layer 1 to analyze the extracted features with testing features. Regarding the similarity value, the sigmoid activation function is determined in hidden layer 2 so different levels of DR can be identified. Finally, the adaptive gradient method is

关键词： Feature extraction

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Advancing Bankruptcy Forecasting With Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques: Insights From an Unbalanced Polish Dataset

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 9369-9381页

作者： Ainan, Ummey Hany Por, Lip Yee Chen, Yen-Lin Yang, Jing Ku, Chin Soon Universiti Malaya Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer System and Technology Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia National Taipei University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei106344 Taiwan Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Department of Computer Science Kampar31900 Malaysia

The challenge of bankruptcy prediction, critical for averting financial sector losses, is amplified by the prevalence of imbalanced datasets, which often skew prediction models. Addressing this, our study introduces the innovative hybrid model XGBoost+ANN, designed to leverage the strengths of both ensemble learning and artificial neural networks. This model integrates a comprehensive set of features with parameters optimized through genetic algorithms, eschewing traditional feature selection approaches. Our research focuses on an unbalanced dataset of Polish companies and reveals that the XGBoost+ANN model, in particular, exhibits outstanding performance. Optimized using genetic algorithms and without feature selection, this model achieved the highest AUC (0.958), sensitivity (0.752), and accuracy (0.983) scores, surpassing other models in our study. This remarkable outperformance, along with the robust results, marks a substantial advancement in the field of bankruptcy prediction. It underscores the efficacy of our approach in addressing the persistent challenge of data imbalance, offering a more reliable and accurate solution for financial risk assessment. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Feature extraction

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A Systematic Literature Review on the Security Attacks and Countermeasures Used in Graphical Passwords

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 53408-53423页

作者： Por, Lip Yee Ng, Ian Ouii Chen, Yen-Lin Yang, Jing Ku, Chin Soon Universiti Malaya Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer System and Technology Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia National Taipei University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei106344 Taiwan Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Department of Computer Science Kampar31900 Malaysia

This systematic literature review delves into the dynamic realm of graphical passwords, focusing on the myriad security attacks they face and the diverse countermeasures devised to mitigate these threats. The core objective of this paper is to identify existing security threats to graphical password schemes and the corresponding countermeasures developed to mitigate these attacks. The study process begins by identifying the usable databases and search engines to identify all the relevant resources. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were carefully selected to prioritize the study, focusing mostly on attacks and countermeasures related to graphical password schemes between 2009 and 2023. After thorough identification and selection progress, 59 studies met all the criteria. Among these studies, 47 mentioned shoulder surfing as a threat to graphical password schemes, while 20 discussed brute force attacks. Additionally, there were 21 papers on dictionary attacks, 13 on smudge attacks, spyware attacks, and social engineering, and 19 that discussed guessing attacks as threats to graphical password schemes. Furthermore, the papers identified several other attacks, including frequency of occurrence analysis attacks, video recording, eavesdropping, computer vision, sonar, and image gallery attacks, with the corresponding numbers of papers being 9, 17, 5, 2, 2, and 1, respectively. The results also highlight the countermeasures proposed in the study papers to mitigate the aforementioned attacks. Among the various countermeasures identified, most revolve around randomization, obfuscation, and password space complexity as the most commonly used techniques for enhancing the security of graphical password schemes. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication

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Towards the Development of a Copyright Risk Checker Tool for Generative Artificial Intelligence Systems

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Digital Government: Research and Practice 2024年第4期5卷 1-21页

作者： Billiris, Grace Gill, Asif Oppermann, Ian Niazi, Mahmood Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology SydneyNSW Australia Computer Science University of Technology SydneyNSW Australia University of Technology SydneyNSW Australia King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Department of Information and Computer Science Dhahran Saudi Arabia

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) is fundamentally changing the ways of working and blurring the boundaries between human and machine-generated contents. While there is an increasing interest in the adoption of GAI systems, such as ChatGPT and DALL-E, there are also serious concerns about the copyright of the contents - the inputs or generated as outputs by the GAI systems. Such concerns need to be identified and assessed to ensure the ethical and responsible use of GAI systems. Thus, this article aims to address the key research challenge: "how to identify and assess GAI system's copyright concerns"? In response, we propose the development of a Copyright Risk Checker (CRC) Tool. This tool has been formulated and evaluated using a recognised design science research methodology, drawing on an analysis of 10 legal cases across Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Europe. The CRC Tool has undergone evaluation through an experimental scenario, and the results suggest that it is suitable for conducting an indicative copyright risk check of GAI systems. The outcomes of this preliminary assessment can be further examined by expert legal advisors for an in-depth analysis. The development of the CRC Tool provides a foundation for continued research and advancement in this significant area of study. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Generative Artificial Intelligence Copyright Concern GAI Governance Copyright Regulations Independent Intellectual Effort Authorship

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IRS-enabled NOMA communication systems:A network architecture primer with future trends and challenges

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1503-1528页

作者： Haleema Sadia Ahmad Kamal Hassan Ziaul Haq Abbas Ghulam Abbas Muhammad Waqas Zhu Han Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications and Networking(TeleCoN)Research Center Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering and Technology(GIKI)Topi 23640Pakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering GIKITopi 23640Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Information TechnologyUniversity of Bahrain32028Bahrain School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerth WA6027Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77004USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul 446-701South Korea

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has already proven to be an effective multiple access scheme for5th Generation(5G)wireless *** provides improved performance in terms of system throughput,spectral efficiency,fairness,and energy efficiency(EE).However,in conventional NOMA networks,performance degradation still exists because of the stochastic behavior of wireless *** combat this challenge,the concept of Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)has risen to prominence as a low-cost intelligent solution for Beyond 5G(B5G)*** this paper,a modeling primer based on the integration of these two cutting-edge technologies,i.e.,IRS and NOMA,for B5G wireless networks is *** in-depth comparative analysis of IRS-assisted Power Domain(PD)-NOMA networks is provided through 3-fold ***,a primer is presented on the system architecture of IRS-enabled multiple-configuration PD-NOMA systems,and parallels are drawn with conventional network configurations,i.e.,conventional NOMA,Orthogonal Multiple Access(OMA),and IRS-assisted OMA *** by this,a comparative analysis of these network configurations is showcased in terms of significant performance metrics,namely,individual users'achievable rate,sum rate,ergodic rate,EE,and outage ***,for multi-antenna IRS-enabled NOMA networks,we exploit the active Beamforming(BF)technique by employing a greedy algorithm using a state-of-the-art branch-reduceand-bound(BRB)*** optimality of the BRB algorithm is presented by comparing it with benchmark BF techniques,i.e.,minimum-mean-square-error,zero-forcing-BF,and ***,we present an outlook on future envisioned NOMA networks,aided by IRSs,i.e.,with a variety of potential applications for 6G wireless *** work presents a generic performance assessment toolkit for wireless networks,focusing on IRS-assisted NOMA *** comparative analysis provides a solid foundation for the dev

关键词： Intelligent reflecting surface Non-orthogonal multiple access 6G Beamforming Sum rate Energy efficiency

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Neuroadaptive Containment Control for Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Input Saturation: An Event-Triggered Communication Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems 2025年第5期55卷 3163-3173页

作者： Wang, Xin Zhang, Sen Li, Huaqing Zhang, Wei Li, Hongyi Huang, Tingwen Southwest University College of Electronic and Information Engineering Chongqing400715 China Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen518055 China

In this article, a neuroadaptive event-triggered containment control strategy combined with the dynamic surface control (DSC) approach is proposed for nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) with input saturation. Based on the event-triggered communication mechanisms, the updates of neural network weight and controllers are implemented solely under triggering conditions of violation, which markedly reduces unnecessary communication resources and minimizes inefficient control costs compared with the traditional control method. Radial basis function neural networks (RBF NNs) are employed to handle the nonlinear uncertainties of MASs. Simultaneously, an adaptive compensatory mechanism is incorporated within the backstepping process to address the nonlinear effect posed by input saturation. Additionally, we demonstrate the system stability by extending the Lyapunov theorem to jump and continuous scenarios while excluding Zeno behavior, realizing that all followers can enter the convex hull constructed by leaders. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is verified through application simulations. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Radial basis function networks

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Industrial revolution 4.0 in water supply, wastewater and stormwater management: opportunities, challenges, and impacts

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Environmental technology Reviews 2024年第1期13卷 144-168页

作者： Kuok, Kuok King Chiu, Po Chan Bakri, Muhammad Khusairy Bin Rahman, Md. Rezaur Yun, Chin Mei Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Kuching Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan Malaysia

Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) is the revolution that promotes customized and flexible mass production technologies in automation and manufacturing processes. The application of industrial revolution 4.0, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical System (CPS), and big data, are used in the water industry to provide better water quality, accurate real-time data, etc. This paper compiles IR 4.0 technology applications, advantages, disadvantages, impacts, and challenges in the water sector, including water supply, wastewater treatment, and stormwater management. It is found that the current water industry is facing a few challenges, such as managing water services, balancing water costs with energy prices, maintaining aging water and wastewater infrastructure, and environmental issues. However, with the application of numerous IR 4.0 innovations, all the challenges can be solved or minimized. Meanwhile, the advantages and impacts of adopting IR 4.0 in water industries are thoroughly discussed. Despite the numerous advantages of IR 4.0, significant drawbacks have restricted the adoption of IR 4.0 in the water industry. The high start-up cost, reluctance, uncertainty, and problems of adopting IR 4.0 are some key challenges that need to be addressed. Generally, IR 4.0 provides more benefits to the community as it helps improve the water system’s performance and efficiencies and creates a more sustainable environment. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Water supply

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Modeling the Percentage of NEET in Indonesia with Spatial Cauchy Regression through the Bayesian Analysis Approach

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IAENG International Journal of Applied Mathematics 2024年第7期54卷 1288-1295页

作者： Rantini, Dwi Fakhruzzaman, Muhammad Noor Ningrum, Ratih Ardiati Othman, Fazidah Choir, Achmad Syahrul Ramadan, Arip Alya, Najma Attaqiya Putri, Elfira Rahma Pratama, Muhammad Alfian Engineering Department Data Science Technology Study Program Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline Universitas Airlangga Indonesia Engineering Department Data Science Technology Study Program Faculty of Advanced Technology andMultidiscipline Universitas Airlangga Indonesia Department of Computer System and Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Malaysia Statistical Computing StudyProgram Politeknik Statistika STIS Indonesia Information System Study Program School of Industrial and System Engineering Telkom University Indonesia

Indonesia has entered a period of demographic bonus. Human resources must be optimized. The number of children who do not in employment, education or training (NEET) in each province needs attention. Several factors that could contribute to the decline in the NEET percentage are literacy rates and the number of adolescents with computer skills. Increasing these two factors is believed to be able to reduce the percentage of NEET in every province in Indonesia. To find out the relationship between these two factors and how much influence they have on the percentage of NEET, this research is modeled by Cauchy regression and includes spatial effects. The results of the analysis show that the best model is when the spatial effect is modeled by Fernandez Steel Skew Normal conditionally autoregressive (FSSN CAR). This result is seen from the smallest value of the Watanabe Akaike information Criterion (WAIC) in this model, which is 190.5. The parameter estimated shows that the higher the literacy rate and the number of adolescents with computer skills, the lower the percentage of NEET in each province in Indonesia. The results of this research can be useful for the Indonesian government to increase the number of educational facilities related to these two factors. © (2024), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Bayesian CAR Cauchy Education NEET

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