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13th International Conference on Research in ComputIng at Feminine, RIF 2024

作者： Aly, Rabab Hamed M. Hussein, Aziza I. The Higher Institute for Management and Information Technology Minya Egypt Electrical and Computer Engineering Department College of Engineering Effat University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Computer Science Nahda University Beni Suef Egypt

The creation of new approaches to the design and configuration of smart buildings relies heavily on AI tools and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, particularly optimization techniques. The widespread use of electronic devices has sparked a strong desire to incorporate the Internet of Things (IoT) into houses, leading to the development of smart homes. As networked gadgets proliferate rapidly, this phenomenon is characterized by rapid proliferation. In smart buildings, smart cities, smart grids, and smart homes, interconnected electronic devices are becoming more popular. The objective of this paper is to enhance the functionality of home automation systems through the performance of speech recognition using the Bat-Salp Swarm Optimization (BSSO). This paper investigates the notion of (BSSO), a data analysis methodology that facilitates the automated construction of analytical models. The implementation of BSSO provides an enhancement to the feature selection process in speech recognition, providing an approximation solution that improves the accuracy of system decisions. The use of the BSSO technique improves the precision of the voice recognition system and also incorporates an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the classification part. The findings substantiated the efficacy of the employed methodology. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Bat Optimization Algorithm Salp Optimization Algorithm Smart homes Speech recognition

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iWBFCxr: improved weighted box fusion for analyzing chest x ray images for enhancing thoracic abnormalities

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年第2期17卷 711-720页

作者： Verma, Sonia Devarajan, Ganesh Gopal Sharma, Pankaj Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Delhi - NCR Campus Delhi - Meerut Road Modinagar Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad 201204 India Department of Computer Science ABES Engineering College UP Ghaziabad 201009 India

Chest x-ray studies can be automatically detected and their locations located using artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. To detect the location of findings, additional annotation in the form of bounding boxes is required, rather than image-level labeling. Accurate interpretation of chest radiographs is essential for diagnosing thoracic abnormalities. This paper introduces a novel method for abnormality detection in chest radiographs using the VinDr-CXR dataset. Labeled training sets are improved by incorporating data augmentation and advanced pre-processing techniques. To improve the accuracy of anomaly identification, the study makes use of ensemble object detection models, such as the modified weighted boxes fusion (iWBFCxr) technique. With an average precision (AP) of 0.2434 for class 14, experimental results on the VinDr-CXR dataset show an overall mean average precision (mAP) of 0.2791. The iWBFCxr approach, when combined with ensemble predictions, has the potential to improve abnormality localization. By integrating enhanced label merging with ensemble object detection models, our method improves abnormality localization in chest radiographs significantly, improving thoracic abnormality diagnosis accuracy and possibly leading to new medical interventions. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Automated classification Automated localization Chest radiographs computer vision Deep learning Machine learning Thoracic anomalies

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EAFL: Edge-Assisted Federated Learning for real-time disease prediction using privacy-preserving AI

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Iran Journal of computer science 2025年 1-11页

作者： Rawas, Soha Samala, Agariadne Dwinggo Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Beirut Arab University Beirut Lebanon Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Padang West Sumatra Padang Indonesia

The growing demand for real-time disease prediction in healthcare necessitates advanced AI frameworks capable of ensuring both computational efficiency and patient privacy. This study introduces an Edge-Assisted Federated Learning (EAFL) system designed for real-time disease prediction while preserving sensitive data using privacy-preserving AI techniques. Leveraging lightweight convolutional neural networks and federated learning, the framework decentralizes model training across simulated edge nodes, reducing reliance on centralized data storage. Differential privacy mechanisms are integrated to secure inter-node communications, enhancing data protection. The proposed framework was evaluated on publicly available datasets, including CheXpert and COVID-19 radiography, achieving an accuracy of 94.2% and 97.5%, respectively, with minimal latency (0.85 s per prediction). Comparative analysis reveals that the EAFL system matches the performance of centralized AI models while significantly reducing privacy risks. To demonstrate scalability, additional evaluation was conducted across different dataset distributions, revealing consistent performance across varying data characteristics and medical scenarios. This research offers a scalable, privacy-focused solution that bridges the gap between real-time disease prediction and secure data handling, paving the way for its adoption in modern healthcare applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Disease prediction Edge AI Federated learning GDPR compliance in AI Healthcare data security

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PA-Star2: Fast Optimal Multiple Sequence Alignment for Asymmetric Multicore Processors

PA-Star2: Fast Optimal Multiple Sequence Alignment for Asymm...

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33rd Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed, and Network-Based Processing, PDP 2025

作者： Sundfeld, Daniel Teodoro, George Melo, Alba C. M. A. Faculty of Science & Tech. in Engineering Brasilia Brazil Department of Computer Science Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Computer Science Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798331524937

Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) is an important operation in Bioinformatics, used to simultaneously compare 3 or more sequences. The MSA problem was proven NP-Hard, so strategies have been proposed to reduce the search space and solve it in parallel. Recently, asymmetric multicore processors (AMPs) have become popular, with performance and energy-efficient cores, like the P-Cores and E-cores from Intel. However, parallel MSA applications have complex access patterns and adapting them for AMPs can be challenging. In this paper, we propose PA-Star21, an asymmetric-aware strategy based on A-Star, which computes optimal MSAs taking asymmetry into account when distributing the search space among threads. Our experimental results show that the proposed optimizations can reduce considerably the average execution time of PA-Star2 achieving a speedup of up to 7.70×. We also show that the asymmetric-aware strategy can reduce the average execution time for one of the hardest sequences set from the BAliBASE benchmark, when compared to the symmetric counterpart. Finally, we show that our approach is energy-efficient.11PA-Star2 is open source and the code is publicly available at1PA-Star2 is open source and the code is publicly available at https://***/danielsundfeld/astar_msa © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Parallel architectures

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DialTest-EA: An Enhanced Fuzzing Approach With Energy Adjustment for Dialogue Systems via Metamorphic Testing

DialTest-EA: An Enhanced Fuzzing Approach With Energy Adjust...

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作者： Chen, Haibo Chen, Jinfu Wu, Yucheng Cai, Saihua Ahmad, Bilal Huang, Rubing Wang, Shengran Zhang, Chi School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology Industrial Cyberspace Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China School of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology China

Deep neural networks (DNNs) possess potent feature learning capability, enabling them to comprehend natural language, which strongly support developing dialogue systems. However, dialogue systems usually perform incorrect behaviours in some corner cases, which may cause misunderstanding or economic loss. To test and debug dialogue systems, a popular fuzzing framework by metamorphic testing with Gini impurity guidance is proposed, namely, DialTest. However, DialTest treats all seeds (the initial test inputs to generate the mutated test inputs) equally during the fuzzing process and does not differentiate seeds, resulting in a certain limitation to its incorrect behaviour detection capability. In this paper, we propose to enhance the DialTest by applying a lightweight energy adjustment strategy called DialTest with Energy Adjustment (DialTest-EA). DialTest-EA employs the ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) to adjust the mutation energy of each seed adaptively, ensuring that potential seeds have more opportunities to generate subsequent test inputs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed DialTest-EA, we conduct a series of comparisons with the original DialTest and random mutation strategy. The experimental results show that the proposed DialTest-EA outperforms the compared methods both in the intent detection and slot filling tasks. Compared with the original DialTest, the intent detection accuracy of generated test cases by the proposed method is reduced by more than 14%, and the slot filling accuracy is reduced by more than 8%. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Ant colony optimization

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Bidirectional LSTM-Based Energy Consumption Forecasting:Advancing AI-Driven Cloud Integration for Cognitive City Energy Management

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2907-2926页

作者： Sheik Mohideen Shah Meganathan Selvamani Mahesh Thyluru Ramakrishna Surbhi Bhatia Khan Shakila Basheer Wajdan Al Malwi Mohammad Tabrez Quasim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Srinivasa Ramanujan CentreSASTRA Deemed UniversityKumbakonam612001India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed-to-be University)Bangalore562112India School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and TechnologyChitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia Department of Information Systems College ofComputer and Information SciencePrincessNourah bintAbdulrahmanUniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science Informatics and Computer Systems Department King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia

Efficient energy management is a cornerstone of advancing cognitive cities,where AI,IoT,and cloud computing seamlessly integrate to meet escalating global energy *** this context,the ability to forecast electricity consumption with precision is vital,particularly in residential settings where usage patterns are highly variable and *** study presents an innovative approach to energy consumption forecasting using a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)*** a dataset containing over twomillionmultivariate,time-series observations collected froma single household over nearly four years,ourmodel addresses the limitations of traditional time-series forecasting methods,which often struggle with temporal dependencies and non-linear *** bidirectional LSTM architecture processes data in both forward and backward directions,capturing past and future contexts at each time step,whereas existing unidirectional LSTMs consider only a single temporal *** design,combined with dropout regularization,leads to a 20.6%reduction in RMSE and an 18.8%improvement in MAE over conventional unidirectional LSTMs,demonstrating a substantial enhancement in prediction accuracy and *** to existing models—including SVM,Random Forest,MLP,ANN,and CNN—the proposed model achieves the lowest MAE of 0.0831 and RMSE of 0.2213 during testing,significantly outperforming these *** results highlight the model’s superior ability to navigate the complexities of energy usage patterns,reinforcing its potential application in AI-driven IoT and cloud-enabled energy management systems for cognitive *** integrating advanced machine learning techniqueswith IoT and cloud infrastructure,this research contributes to the development of intelligent,sustainable urban environments.

关键词： Deep learning bidirectional LSTM energy consumption forecasting time-series analysis predictive modeling machine learning in energy management

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Mitigating Ransomware in Government-Managed Institutions: A Global Critical Information Infrastructure Perspective

Mitigating Ransomware in Government-Managed Institutions: A ...

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20th International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security, ICCWS 2025

作者： Mashila, Musiwalo Sithungu, Siphesihle Philezwini Lebea, Khutso Academy of Computer Science and Software Engineering Faculty of Science University of Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781917204316

This paper examines the escalating ransomware threats faced by government-managed educational institutions, focusing on their vulnerabilities, case studies, and mitigation strategies. With the adoption of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policies, schools increasingly expose their networks to cyber risks, making them attractive targets for cybercriminals. Case studies, including attacks on the Los Angeles Unified School District and the University of California, San Francisco, illustrate the profound impact of ransomware incidents and the diverse responses of institutions. Effective cybersecurity measures are crucial, emphasizing the need for prioritized spending, comprehensive security training, and advanced detection and response strategies. The role of government is also vital, as it develops legislation, guidelines, and funding opportunities to enhance educational cybersecurity. Recommendations include technical measures to secure networks and collaborative educational initiatives to share best practices. Ultimately, this research study underscores the necessity of continuous adaptation and government support in fortifying defences against ransomware threats. By fostering a cybersecurity awareness and resilience culture, educational institutions can better protect sensitive data and ensure the safety of their operations in an increasingly tricky digital landscape. © 2025 Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Warfare and Security (ICCWS). All rights reserved.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Minimizing energy consumption in fixed node networks using a novel neutrosophic model: comparative analysis with standard and existing algorithms

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-15页

作者： Ghimire, Sangam Bhurtel, Nirjal Jha, Sudan Ahmad, Sultan Abdeljaber, Hikmat A. M. Nazeer, Jabeen Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kathmandu University 28 kilo Bagmati Dhulikhel 45210 Nepal Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional University Punjab Phagwara 144411 India Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman 11831 Lebanon

The growing development and utilization of networked systems has led to more concern regarding the energy efficiency of these systems. In this paper, we present a novel approach to minimizing energy consumption in fixed node network for which we propose a new Neutrosophic model. This model leverages the unique strengths of Neutrosophic logic to enhance the efficiency by minimizing the energy consumption. The simulation of results is performed using Matplotlib (Python) with implementation parameters such as number of nodes (n) and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) (η). Additionally, we show a comparative analysis between the proposed model and other prevalent approaches used in minimizing energy consumption in networked systems. The comparative results shows improvement in energy efficiency, showcasing the potential of the proposed model as an alternative for optimizing energy consumption in networked systems. This work highlights the effectiveness of the proposed model and opens new avenues for future advancements in energy-efficient networked system using Neutrosophic approach. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： Comparative analysis Energy-consumption optimization Networked systems Neutrosophic model Sensitivity analysis

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A General Scalable Approach for Knowledge Selection based on Iterative Hybrid Encoding and Re-ranking

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Data Intelligence 2025年第1期7卷 124-142页

作者： Zhisheng Huang Xudong Jia Tao Chen Zhongwei Zhang Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 529020GuangdongChina College of Engineering and Computer Science California State UniversityNorthridge CA 91330USA

Knowledge selection is a challenging task that often deals with semantic drift issues when knowledge is retrieved based on semantic similarity between a fact and a question. In addition, weak correlations embedded in pairs of facts and questions and gigantic knowledge bases available for knowledge search are also unavoidable issues. This paper presents a scalable approach to address these issues. A sparse encoder and a dense encoder are coupled iteratively to retrieve fact candidates from a large-scale knowledge base. A pre-trained language model with two rounds of fine-tuning using results of the sparse and dense encoders is then used to re-rank fact candidates. Top-k facts are selected by a specific re-ranker. The scalable approach is applied on two textual inference datasets and one knowledge-grounded question answering dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that (1) the proposed approach can improve the performance of knowledge selection by reducing the semantic drift;(2) the proposed approach produces outstanding results on the benchmark datasets. The code is available at https://***/hhhhzs666/KSIHER.

关键词： Knowledge selection Textual inference Semantic drift Coarse-to-Fine

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Interpretable Arabic Hate Speech Detection using Large Language Model 2

Interpretable Arabic Hate Speech Detection using Large Langu...

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2nd International Conference on Advanced Innovations in Smart Cities, ICAISC 2025

作者： Alwateer, Majed Gad, Ibrahim Elmarhomy, Mahmoud Elmarhomy, Ghada Hashim, Hasan Almaliki, Malik Atlam, El-Sayed College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Department of Computer Science Saudi Arabia Tanta University Faculty of Science Computer Science Department Tanta31527 Egypt College of Applied Taibah University Computer Science and Information Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Department of Information Systems Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506995

Social media platforms serve as significant spaces for users to have conversations, discussions and express their opinions. However, anonymity provided to users on these platforms allows the spread of hate speech and other offensive material. Due to the wide-ranging nature of these platforms, there is a critical need to automatically detect and report occurrences of hate speech. There are various detection methods, but many of them operate as black boxes, lacking interpretability and explainability by design. To address the lack of interpretability, this study explores the development of an interpretable framework to detect hate speech in Arabic using large language models (LLMs). The proposed approach combines advanced natural language processing techniques with interpretable machine learning methods to enhance understanding of model decisions. The experimental results demonstrate that the model achieves high accuracy while maintaining interpretability, enabling users to understand the reasoning behind the detections. The proposed method achieves an accuracy of 0.846%, with a precision of 0.843% and a recall of 0.846%, outperforming existing Arabic hate speech detection models. These results show the effectiveness of combining LLM with interpretability for this critical task, providing a reliable and transparent solution for automated moderation of harmful content. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Arabic Hate Speech Detection Large Language Mode XAI

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