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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Huang, Jincheng Shen, Jialie Shi, Xiaoshuang Zhu, Xiaofeng School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Department of Computer Science City University of London London United Kingdom Sichuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Yibin China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Shenzhen China

The label smoothness assumption is at the core of Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs): nodes in a local region have similar labels. Thus, GCN performs local feature smoothing operation to adhere to this assumption. However, there exist some nodes whose labels obtained by feature smoothing conflict with the label smoothness assumption. We find that the label smoothness assumption and the process of feature smoothing are both problematic on these nodes, and call these nodes out of GCN's control (OOC nodes). In this paper, first, we design the corresponding algorithm to locate the OOC nodes, then we summarize the characteristics of OOC nodes that affect their representation learning, and based on their characteristics, we present DaGCN, an efficient framework that can facilitate the OOC nodes. Extensive experiments verify the superiority of the proposed method and demonstrate that current advanced GCNs are improvements specifically on OOC nodes;the remaining nodes under GCN's control (UC nodes) are already optimally represented by vanilla GCN on most datasets. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

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Machine Learning-Based Calibration Approaches for Single-Beam and Multiple-Beam Distance Sensors

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2024年第1期24卷 975-983页

作者： Syu, Jia-Hao Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei Biernacki, Piotr Ziebinski, Adam National Taiwan University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan Silesian University of Technology Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Department of Distributed Systems and Informatics Devices Gliwice44-100 Poland Silesian University of Technology Department of Distributed Systems and Informatic Devices Gliwice44-100 Poland

Sensors are the foundation to facilitate smart cities, smart grids, and smart transportation, and distance sensors are especially important for sensing the environment and gathering information. Researchers have developed various methods to calibrate distance sensors;however, they mainly focus on using external information for calibration, which is inefficient and computationally expensive. To alleviate the above problems, we propose machine learning (ML)-based calibration approaches for distance sensors. We develop two calibration mechanisms, where the naive mechanism directly predicts the true distance, while the residual mechanism predicts the residual for calibration. The conventional ML regression algorithms are then adopted to predict the true distance or calibration residual. Experimental results show that the designed residual calibration mechanism outperforms the naive mechanism by reducing the root mean square error (RMSE) by 92.2% and mean absolute error (MAE) by 93.3% in the fitting task. In prediction, the proposed 2-D-residual mechanism achieves an improvement of 78.6% and 65.7% compared to the state-of-the-art method. The experimental results show the effectiveness and generalization of the proposed ML-based calibration method, especially for the 2-D mechanism, which achieves the highest robustness in all fitting and prediction tasks. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Calibration

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Dipper Throated Algorithm for Feature Selection and Classification in Electrocardiogram

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computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第5期45卷 1469-1482页

作者： Doaa Sami Khafaga Amel Ali Alhussan Abdelaziz A.Abdelhamid Abdelhameed Ibrahim Mohamed Saber El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesAin Shams University11566CairoEgypt Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringDelta University for Science and TechnologyMansouraEgypt Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt

Arrhythmia has been classified using a variety of *** of the dynamic nature of electrocardiogram(ECG)data,traditional handcrafted approaches are difficult to execute,making the machine learning(ML)solutions more *** with cardiac arrhythmias can benefit from competent monitoring to save their *** arrhythmia classification and prediction have greatly improved in recent *** are a category of conditions in which the heart's electrical activity is abnormally rapid or *** year,it is one of the main reasons of mortality for both men and women,*** the classification of arrhythmias,this work proposes a novel technique based on optimized feature selection and optimized K-nearest neighbors(KNN)*** proposed method makes advantage of the UCI repository,which has a 279-attribute high-dimensional cardiac arrhythmia *** proposed approach is based on dividing cardiac arrhythmia patients into 16 groups based on the electrocardiography dataset’s *** purpose is to design an efficient intelligent system employing the dipper throated optimization method to categorize cardiac arrhythmia *** method of comprehensive arrhythmia classification outperforms earlier methods presented in the *** achieved classification accuracy using the proposed approach is 99.8%.

关键词： Feature selection electrocardiogram metaheuristics dipper throated algorithm

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Optimization of Electrocardiogram Classification Using Dipper Throated Algorithm and Differential Evolution

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2379-2395页

作者： Doaa Sami Khafaga El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Faten Khalid Karim Sameer Alshetewi Abdelhameed Ibrahim Abdelaziz A.Abdelhamid D.L.Elsheweikh Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt General Information Technology Department Ministry of DefenseThe Executive AffairsExcellence Services DirectorateRiyadh11564Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Specific EducationMansoura UniversityEgypt

Electrocardiogram(ECG)signal is a measure of the heart’s electrical ***,ECG detection and classification have benefited from the use of computer-aided systems by *** goal of this paper is to improve the accuracy of ECG classification by combining the Dipper Throated Optimization(DTO)and Differential Evolution Algorithm(DEA)into a unified algorithm to optimize the hyperparameters of neural network(NN)for boosting the ECG classification *** addition,we proposed a new feature selection method for selecting the significant feature that can improve the overall *** prove the superiority of the proposed approach,several experimentswere conducted to compare the results achieved by the proposed approach and other competing ***,statistical analysis is performed to study the significance and stability of the proposed approach using Wilcoxon and ANOVA *** results confirmed the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed *** classification accuracy achieved by the proposed approach is(99.98%).

关键词： Electrocardiogram differential evolution algorithm dipper throated optimization neural networks

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A fatigue assessment method based on attention mechanism and surface electromyography

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Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems 2023年第1期3卷 112-120页

作者： Dang, Yukun Liu, Zitong Yang, Xixin Ge, Linqiang Miao, Sheng College of Computer Science & Technology Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao266520 China School of Computer Science Columbus State University GA31907 United States Faculty of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu808-0135 Japan

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals can be used to quantitatively assess muscle fatigue, thereby directly and objectively reflecting the functional state of neuromuscular activity. Effective fatigue diagnosis can prevent muscle damage, thereby improving the safety of rehabilitation exercise. Traditional fatigue diagnosis has certain limitations, including strong subjectivity and poor accuracy. This paper designs a sEMG signals acquisition circuit and collects the sEMG signals of the upper limb biceps brachii and triceps brachii in the force-relaxation state in a dual-channel form. Muscle fatigue classification assessment using Dynamic Time Warping-K Nearest Neighbor (DTW-KNN) and three deep learning algorithms. The experimental results show that compared with traditional machine learning algorithms, deep learning algorithm can achieve higher accuracy and time efficiency. In addition, this study introduces an attention mechanism to dynamically and reasonably assign network weights to achieve high level feature learning. The Attention-Long Short-Term Memory (Attention Based LSTM) neural network achieves 93.5% assessment accuracy with a time overhead of only 3.73s, allowing for real-time assessment of muscle fatigue. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Structural and functional connectivity of the whole brain and subnetworks in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury:predictors of patient prognosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1553-1558页

作者： Sihong Huang Jungong Han Hairong Zheng Mengjun Li Chuxin Huang Xiaoyan Kui Jun Liu Department of Radiology The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Computer Science Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwythCeredigionUK Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Radiology Quality Control Center of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging of Hunan Province ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Patients with mild traumatic brain injury have a diverse clinical presentation,and the underlying pathophysiology remains poorly *** resonance imaging is a non-invasive technique that has been widely utilized to investigate neuro biological markers after mild traumatic brain *** approach has emerged as a promising tool for investigating the pathogenesis of mild traumatic brain injury.G raph theory is a quantitative method of analyzing complex networks that has been widely used to study changes in brain structure and ***,most previous mild traumatic brain injury studies using graph theory have focused on specific populations,with limited exploration of simultaneous abnormalities in structural and functional *** that mild traumatic brain injury is the most common type of traumatic brain injury encounte red in clinical practice,further investigation of the patient characteristics and evolution of structural and functional connectivity is *** the present study,we explored whether abnormal structural and functional connectivity in the acute phase could serve as indicators of longitudinal changes in imaging data and cognitive function in patients with mild traumatic brain *** this longitudinal study,we enrolled 46 patients with mild traumatic brain injury who were assessed within 2 wee ks of injury,as well as 36 healthy ***-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging data were acquired for graph theoretical network *** the acute phase,patients with mild traumatic brain injury demonstrated reduced structural connectivity in the dorsal attention *** than 3 months of followup data revealed signs of recovery in structural and functional connectivity,as well as cognitive function,in 22 out of the 46 ***,better cognitive function was associated with more efficient ***,our data indicated that small-worldness in the acute sta

关键词： cognitive function cross-section follow-up functional connectivity graph theory longitudinal study mild traumatic brain injury prediction small-worldness structural connectivity subnetworks whole brain network

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An Attention Mechanism Based AVOD Network for 3D Vehicle Detection

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2023年 1-13页

作者： Yuan, Di Zhang, Haiping Shu, Xiu Liu, Qiao Chang, Xiaojun He, Zhenyu Shi, Guangming Guangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian University Xian China School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou China National Center for Applied Mathematics Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China

With the continuous advancement of autonomous driving technology, 3D vehicle detection has become of widespread interest. The traditional aggregate view object detection (AVOD) framework has achieved some good results in 3D vehicle detection tasks. However, the complexity of the 3D vehicle detection scenario makes the current detection methods still not meet the actual requirements. To enhance the detection accuracy of 3D vehicle targets, we propose to equip an attention mechanism to improve the representation capability of feature maps, thereby further increasing the precision of 3D vehicle detection. Specifically, we have added the channel attention ECANet, spatial attention SANet, and mixed attention ECANet+SANet respectively into the image-based feature pyramid network of the AVOD detection framework, which can enhance the feature maps representation and improve the detection accuracy observably. The improved AVOD network is verified using the KITTI dataset. By showing the detection results of these attention mechanisms, it is found that the feature pyramid networks (FPN) module in the AVOD network based on Image has the best performance when integrating a mixed attention mechanism. In comparison to the original AVOD network, the detection results on the average precision index of the proposed method have improved by 2.29%, 2.81%, and 1.32% in the three indexes of simple, medium, and difficult, respectively. Extensive experiments have confirmed the practicality and efficacy of the AVOD network to equip the attention mechanisms for 3D vehicle detection. IEEE

关键词： Semantics

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Port-controllable routing of orbital angular momentum modes using a rotatable diffractive neural network

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第6期68卷 154-163页

作者： Junmin Liu Jiafu Chen Qingji Zeng Zemin Liang Xinping Wu Xin Zhao Jiangnan Xiao Huapeng Ye Ze Dong Dianyuan Fan Shuqing Chen Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical SystemTerahertz Science Cooperative Innovation CenterSchool of Optical-Electrical Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology&Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes provide an additional orthogonal physical dimension,offering transformative potential for enhancing optical communication *** significant progress in mode multiplexing,the development of robust communication networks faces persistent challenges,particularly in effectively routing and controlling these multiplexed channels among network *** tackle these dilemmas,we propose a rotatable diffractive neural network(R-DNN)strategy and demonstrate its capability for port-controllable OAM mode *** leveraging the correlation between the orthogonal evolution of OAM modes in free space and phase modulations during propagation,the R-DNN precisely shapes the spatial evolution of mode fields through multiple rotatable phase layers,enabling efficient routing to specific output *** approach exploits the interaction of secondary wavelets with the relative states of the rotatable layers,allowing on-demand control of mode evolution paths and enhancing routing *** a proof of concept,we developed a tri-functional router that successfully directs three OAM modes to individually controllable output *** router achieves an average intermode crosstalk of less than−16.4 dB across three functional states,one-dimensional,two-dimensional,and cross-connected switching,while supporting the routing of 5.85 Tbit/s quadrature phase-shift keying *** results highlight the R-DNN’s effectiveness in achieving precise and controllable OAM mode manipulation,paving the way for advanced applications in mode-multiplexed communication networks and beyond.

关键词： orbital angular momentum mode mode routing diffractive neural network

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Security and Privacy Challenges in SDN-Enabled IoT Systems: Causes, Proposed Solutions,and Future Directions

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2511-2533页

作者： Ahmad Rahdari Ahmad Jalili Mehdi Esnaashari Mehdi Gheisari Alisa A.Vorobeva Zhaoxi Fang Panjun Sun Viktoriia M.Korzhuk Ilya Popov Zongda Wu Hamid Tahaei Institute of Artificial Intelligence Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing312000China Department of Computer Engineering Gonbad Kavous UniversityGonbad-e Kavus49717-99151Iran Faculty of Computer Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran196976-4499Iran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105India Secure Information Technologies Department National Research University ITMOSt.Petersburg197101Russia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz71946–84334Iran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityDamavand***Iran Department of R&D Shenzhen BKD Co.Ltd.Shenzhen518000China

Software-Defined Networking(SDN)represents a significant paradigm shift in network architecture,separating network logic from the underlying forwarding devices to enhance flexibility and centralize ***-rently,the Internet of Things(IoT)connects numerous devices to the Internet,enabling autonomous interactions with minimal human ***,implementing and managing an SDN-IoT system is inherently complex,particularly for those with limited resources,as the dynamic and distributed nature of IoT infrastructures creates security and privacy challenges during SDN *** findings of this study underscore the primary security and privacy challenges across application,control,and data planes.A comprehensive review evaluates the root causes of these challenges and the defense techniques employed in prior works to establish sufficient secrecy and privacy *** investigations have explored cutting-edge methods,such as leveraging blockchain for transaction recording to enhance security and privacy,along with applying machine learning and deep learning approaches to identify and mitigate the impacts of Denial of Service(DoS)and Distributed DoS(DDoS)***,the analysis indicates that encryption and hashing techniques are prevalent in the data plane,whereas access control and certificate authorization are prominently considered in the control plane,and authentication is commonly employed within the application ***,this paper outlines future directions,offering insights into potential strategies and technological advancements aimed at fostering a more secure and privacy-conscious SDN-based IoT ecosystem.

关键词： Security privacy-preserving software-defined network internet of things

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Hybrid Dipper Throated and Grey Wolf Optimization for Feature Selection Applied to Life Benchmark Datasets

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4531-4545页

作者： Doaa Sami Khafaga El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Faten Khalid Karim Mostafa Abotaleb Abdelhameed Ibrahim Abdelaziz A.Abdelhamid D.L.Elsheweikh Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt Department of System Programming South Ural State UniversityChelyabinsk454080Russia Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Specific EducationMansoura UniversityEgypt

Selecting the most relevant subset of features from a dataset is a vital step in data mining and machine *** feature in a dataset has 2n possible subsets,making it challenging to select the optimum collection of features using typical *** a result,a new metaheuristicsbased feature selection method based on the dipper-throated and grey-wolf optimization(DTO-GW)algorithms has been developed in this *** can result when the selection of features is subject to metaheuristics,which can lead to a wide range of ***,we adopted hybrid optimization in our method of optimizing,which allowed us to better balance exploration and harvesting chores more *** propose utilizing the binary DTO-GW search approach we previously devised for selecting the optimal subset of *** the proposed method,the number of features selected is minimized,while classification accuracy is *** test the proposed method’s performance against eleven other state-of-theart approaches,eight datasets from the UCI repository were used,such as binary grey wolf search(bGWO),binary hybrid grey wolf,and particle swarm optimization(bGWO-PSO),bPSO,binary stochastic fractal search(bSFS),binary whale optimization algorithm(bWOA),binary modified grey wolf optimization(bMGWO),binary multiverse optimization(bMVO),binary bowerbird optimization(bSBO),binary hysteresis optimization(bHy),and binary hysteresis optimization(bHWO).The suggested method is superior 4532 CMC,2023,vol.74,no.2 and successful in handling the problem of feature selection,according to the results of the experiments.

关键词： Metaheuristics dipper throated optimization grey wolf optimization binary optimizer feature selection

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