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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xiao, Feiyang Guan, Jian Zhu, Qiaoxi Liu, Xubo Wang, Wenbo Qi, Shuhan Zhang, Kejia Sun, Jianyuan Wang, Wenwu College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering University Harbin China University of Technology Sydney Ultimo Australia Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing University of Surrey Guildford United Kingdom Faculty of Computing Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom

Language-queried audio source separation (LASS) aims to separate an audio source guided by a text query, with the signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR)-based metrics being commonly used to objectively measure the quality of the separated audio. However, the SDR-based metrics require a reference signal, which is often difficult to obtain in real-world scenarios. In addition, with the SDR-based metrics, the content information of the text query is not considered effectively in LASS. This paper introduces a reference-free evaluation metric using a contrastive language-audio pretraining (CLAP) module, termed CLAPScore, which measures the semantic similarity between the separated audio and the text query. Unlike SDR, the proposed CLAPScore metric evaluates the quality of the separated audio based on the content information of the text query, without needing a reference signal. Experiments show that the CLAPScore provides an effective evaluation of the semantic relevance of the separated audio to the text query, as compared to the SDR metric, offering an alternative for the performance evaluation of LASS systems. The code for evaluation is publicly available1 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Text-Guided Graph Temporal Modeling for Few-Shot Video Classification

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Fuqin, Deng Jiaming, Zhon Li, Nannan Lanhui, Fu Jiang, Bingchun Yi, Ningbo Feng, Qi He, Xin Lun, Lam Tin School of Intelligent Manufacturing the Wuyi University Jiangmen China School of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology China School of Textile Materials and Engineering the Wuyi University Jiangmen China School of Applied Physics and Materials Science the Wuyi University Jiangmen China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guangdong University of Science and Technology Dongguan China Shenzhen Vatop Semicon Tech Co. Ltd. Shenzhen China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China

Large-scale pre-trained models and graph neural networks have recently demonstrated remarkable success in few-shot video classification tasks. However, they generally suffer from two key limitations: i) the temporal relations between adjacent frames tends to be ambiguous due to the lack of explicit temporal modeling. ii) the absence of multi-modal semantic knowledge in query videos results in inaccurate prototypes construction and an inability to achieve multi-modal temporal alignment metrics. To address these issues, we develop a Text-guided Graph Temporal Modeling (TgGTM) method that consists of two crucial components: a text-guided feature refinement module and a learnable query text-token contrastive objective. Specifically, the former leverages the temporal masking layer to guide the model in learning temporal relationships between adjacent frames. Additionally, it utilizes multi-modal information to refine video prototypes for comprehensive few-shot video classification. The latter addresses the feature discrepancy between multi-modal support features and single-modal query features by aligning a learnable query text-token with corresponding base class text descriptions. Extensive experiments on three commonly used benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method, which significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods under various settings. A detailed ablation showcases the importance of learning temporal relationships between adjacent frames and obtaining query text-token. The source code and models will be publicly available at https://***/JiaMingZhong2621/TgGTM. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Machine Learning-Based Cascade Filtering System for fNIRS Data Analysis

Machine Learning-Based Cascade Filtering System for fNIRS Da...

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2023 Progress in Applied Electrical engineering, PAEE 2023

作者： Pelc, Mariusz Mikolajewski, Dariusz Ruotsalo, Tuukka Leiva, Luis A. Sudol, Adam Gorzelanczyk, Edward Jacek Lysiak, Adam Kawala-Sterniuk, Aleksandra Opole University of Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics Opole Poland Institute of Computer Science Kazimierz Wielki University Bydgoszcz Poland University of Helsinki Finland University of Copenhagen Denmark Faulty of Natural and Technical Sciences University of Opole Opole Poland University of Opole Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences Opole Poland Institute of Philosophy Kazimierz Wielki University Bydgoszcz Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316254

This paper presents a preliminary study on the use of machine learning-based methods to select the appropriate parameters of cascade filters in the analysis of brain signals recorded using functional infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which shows the level of oxygenation in the brain and, unlike EEG signals (showing electrical brain activity), are less prone to potential interference, disturbances or artifacts occurrence. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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Introducing Shape Prior Module in Diffusion Model for Medical Image Segmentation

Introducing Shape Prior Module in Diffusion Model for Medica...

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IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, Robotics and Automation (ICMRA)

作者： Zhiqing Zhang Guojia Fan Tianyong Liu Nan Li Yuyang Liu Ziyu Liu Canwei Dong Shoujun Zhou Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China College Of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University (Of Affiliation) Shenzhen China College Of Geosciences Northeast Petroleum University Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Shenyang Institute of Automation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Faculty of Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China College Of Information Science And Engineering Northeastern University (Of Affiliation) Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350307535

ISBN: (纸本)9798350307542

Medical image segmentation is critical for diagnosing and treating spinal disorders. However, the presence of high noise, ambiguity, and uncertainty makes this task highly challenging. Factors such as unclear anatomical boundaries, inter-class similarities, and irrational annotations contribute to this challenge. Achieving both accurate and diverse segmentation templates is essential to support radiologists in clinical practice. In recent years, denoising diffusion probabilistic modeling (DDPM) has emerged as a prominent research topic in computer vision. It has demonstrated effectiveness in various vision tasks, including image deblurring, super-resolution, anomaly detection, and even semantic representation generation at the pixel level. Despite the robustness of existing diffusion models in visual generation tasks, they still struggle with discrete masks and their various effects. To address the need for accurate and diverse spine medical image segmentation templates, we propose an end-to-end framework called VerseDiff-UNet, which leverages the denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM). Our approach integrates the diffusion model into a standard U-shaped architecture. At each step, we combine the noise-added image with the labeled mask to guide the diffusion direction accurately towards the target region. Furthermore, to capture specific anatomical a priori information in medical images, we incorporate a shape a priori module. This module efficiently extracts structural semantic information from the input spine images. We evaluate our method on a single dataset of spine images acquired through X-ray imaging. Our results demonstrate that VerseDiff-UNet significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy while preserving the natural features and variations of anatomy. The generality and validity of our proposed model are confirmed through extensive experiments. By enabling more precise segmentation of anatomical structures, our framew

关键词： Image segmentation Visualization Accuracy Shape Semantics Noise reduction Anatomical structure Diffusion models Probabilistic logic X-ray imaging

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A Distributed Time-Varying Optimization Algorithm For Networked Lagrangian Agents Generating Continuous control Torques

A Distributed Time-Varying Optimization Algorithm For Networ...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Yong Ding Hanlei Wang Jie Mei Wei Ren Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Riverside CA USA Science and Technology on Space Intelligent Control Laboratory Beijing Institute of Control Engineering Beijing China School of Mechanical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China

In this paper, the distributed time-varying optimization problem is investigated for networked Lagrangian systems with parametric uncertainties. Due to the usage of the signum function in the control torque design, there might exist chattering while implementing the distributed time-varying optimization algorithms for networked Lagrangian agents in the existing works. To this end, we design a distributed optimization algorithm that is capable of generating continuous control torques and achieving exact optimum tracking. A simulation is presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

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Parameter Uncertainty Analysis in Precise Pointing control of Flexible Spacecraft

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2022年第20期55卷 241-246页

作者： János Bezsilla Béla Takarics Bálint Vanek Jian Guo Systems and Control Laboratory ELKH Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

This article focuses on the validation of a classical PID controller scheme for flexible spacecraft with regards to the effect of parameter uncertainty on system stability and pointing precision. A high-fidelity simulation environment with external disturbances was built in Simulink using a control-oriented model of an Earth-observing satellite with a flexible appendage and on-board microvibration sources in orbit around the planet. Then, a PID control loop was designed with sensor dynamics, time delay behaviour, and a smooth trajectory generator. After declaring the natural frequencies, damping ratio, and rotation angle of the appendage, as well as the propellant tank mass to be uncertain, two worst-case scenarios were identified. Comparing the response of worst-case systems with nominal settings, only a minor drop has been found in the phase margins, with little to no difference in the pointing errors (smaller than ±2 arcsec for both roll and pitch).

关键词： flexible spacecraft nonlinear dynamics attitude tracking precise pointing control PID control parameter uncertainty

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NIR-Responsive Methotrexate-Modified Iron Selenide Nanorods for Synergistic Magnetic Hyperthermic, Photothermal, and Chemodynamic Therapy

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2024年第20期16卷 25622-25636页

作者： Thirumurugan, Senthilkumar Muthiah, Kayalvizhi Samuvel Lin, Yu-Chien Dhawan, Udesh Liu, Wai-Ching Wang, An-Ni Liu, Xinke Hsiao, Michael Tseng, Ching-Li Chung, Ren-Jei No. 1 Section 3 Zhongxiao East Road Taipei10608 Taiwan Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment Division of Biomedical Engineering James Watt School of Engineering Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre University of Glasgow GlasgowG116EW United Kingdom Faculty of Science and Technology Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Hong Kong New Territories999077 Hong Kong Scrona AG Grubenstrasse 9 Zürich8045 Switzerland College of Materials Science and Engineering Chinese Engineering and Research Institute of Microelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Research Center of Biomedical Device College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Taipei10608 Taiwan

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor with a high mortality rate among women. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel therapies to effectively treat this disease. In this study, iron selenide nanorods (FeSe2 NRs) were designed for use in magnetic hyperthermic, photothermal, and chemodynamic therapy (MHT/PTT/CDT) for breast cancer. To illustrate their efficacy, FeSe2 NRs were modified with the chemotherapeutic agent methotrexate (MTX). MTX-modified FeSe2 (FeSe2-MTX) exhibited excellent controlled drug release properties. Fe2+ released from FeSe2 NRs induced the release of •OH from H2O2 via a Fenton/Fenton-like reaction, enhancing the efficacy of CDT. Under alternating magnetic field (AMF) stimulation and 808 nm laser irradiation, FeSe2-MTX exerted potent hyperthermic and photothermal effects by suppressing tumor growth in a breast cancer nude mouse model. In addition, FeSe2 NRs can be used for magnetic resonance imaging in vivo by incorporating their superparamagnetic characteristics into a single nanomaterial. Overall, we presented a novel technique for the precise delivery of functional nanosystems to tumors that can enhance the efficacy of breast cancer treatment. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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MCWDST: a Minimum-Cost Weighted Directed Spanning Tree Algorithm for Real-Time Fake News Mitigation in Social Media

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Truică, Ciprian-Octavian Apostol, Elena-Simona Nicolescu, Radu-Cătălin Karras, Panagiotis Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest Bucharest060042 Romania Department of Computer Science University of Copenhagen Copenhagen2100 Denmark

The widespread availability of internet access and handheld devices confers to social media a power similar to the one newspapers used to have. People seek affordable information on social media and can reach it within seconds. Yet this convenience comes with dangers;any user may freely post whatever they please and the content can stay online for a long period, regardless of its truthfulness. A need arises to detect untruthful information, also known as fake news. In this paper, we present an end-to-end solution that accurately detects fake news and immunizes network nodes that spread them in real-time. To detect fake news, we propose two new stack deep learning architectures that utilize convolutional and bidirectional LSTM layers. To mitigate the spread of fake news, we propose a real-time network-aware strategy that (1) constructs a minimum-cost weighted directed spanning tree for a detected node, and (2) immunizes nodes in that tree by scoring their harmfulness using a novel ranking function. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our solution on five real-world datasets. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Trees (mathematics)

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Analysis of selected dielectric parameters of insulating liquids

Analysis of selected dielectric parameters of insulating liq...

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International Scientific Conference on Electric Power engineering (EPE)

作者： Aleksandra Płużek Łukasz Nagi Michał Kozioł Małgorzata Zygarlicka Department of Electrical Power and Renewable Energy Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics Opole University of Technology Opole Poland Department of Computer Science Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics Opole University of Technology Opole Poland

During the last few years, there has been a growing interest in the topic of using natural or synthetic esters as an alternative to mineral oils in oil transformers due to the easier way to obtain them and their ability to exhibit better electrical properties. In addition, more and more researchers are describing in their work that doping esters with nanoparticles is capable of further improving these properties. Therefore, in the current work, it was decided to see what effect the addition of a hydrophobic carbon shell iron nanoparticle to ORLEN mineral oil and Midel 7131 synthetic ester would have on selected electrical parameters of the insulating fluid, i.e. breakdown voltage and electrical strength.

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Enlightening the Student in Knowledge Distillation

Enlightening the Student in Knowledge Distillation

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Yujie Zheng Chong Wang Yi Chen Jiangbo Qian Jun Wang Jiafei Wu Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University China School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and Technology China SenseTime Research China

Knowledge distillation is a common method of model compression, which uses large models (teacher networks) to guide the training of small models (student networks). However, the student may find a hard time absorbing the knowledge from a sophisticated teacher due to the capacity and confidence gaps between them. To address this issue, a new knowledge distillation and refinement (KDrefine) framework is proposed to enlighten the student by expending and refining its network structure. In addition, a confidence refinement strategy is utilized to generate adaptive soften logits for efficient distillation. The experiments show that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods on both CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet datasets. The code is available at https://***/YujieZheng99/KDrefine.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Training Costs Codes Refining Signal processing Network architecture

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