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Evaluating Naive Bayes Classifiers for Traffic Crash Prediction in Rome, Italy: A Comparative Examination

Evaluating Naive Bayes Classifiers for Traffic Crash Predic...

International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Its Practical Applications in the Age of Digital Transformation, I2COMSAPP 2024

作者： El Ferouali, Soukaina Elamrani Abou Elassad, Zouhair Abdali, Abdelmounaîm CISIEV Team IT Department Faculty of Science and Technology Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco SARS Research Team Department of Computer Science ENSAS Cadi Ayyad University Safi Morocco Data Science Laboratory Department of Information Technology Management Daffodil International University Birulia Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9783031714252

It has been observed that technological innovations like Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Big data, and Intelligent transportation systems can offer useful techniques for identifying and providing details on variables impacting road safety. This is because there is no chance of human error when using these technologies to gather and analyze data. The majority of research on road safety focuses on predicting and averting technological, organizational, and human errors that may cause serious issues or collisions. Traffic accidents are recognized as one of the major global causes of injury and death. Trucks, cars, buses, motorbikes, and pedestrians are involved in crashes that result in almost 3700 fatalities and over 1.3 million deaths. This article aims to examine how well Naive Bayes classifiers perform in the domain of traffic crash prediction for the deceased class. The main objective is to assess and contrast the effectiveness of the three Naive Bayes variations in correctly categorizing occurrences linked to fatalities in traffic accident incidents, which are Bernoulli Naive Bayes, Multinomial Naive Bayes, and Gaussian Naive Bayes. Our study’s findings show that the three Naive Bayes classifiers perform consistently better when classifying traffic accident outcomes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Highway accidents

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Towards Depth-continuous Scene Representation with Displacement Field for Robust Light Field Depth Estimation

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 3637-3649页

作者： Chen, Rongshan Sheng, Hao Yang, Da Cong, Ruixuan Cui, Zhenglong Wang, Sizhe Wang, Tun Zhao, Mingyuan Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing100191 China Beihang University Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligent Computing International Innovation Institute 166 Shuanghongqiao Street Pingyao Town Yuhang District Hangzhou31 1115 China Macao Polytechnic University Faculty of Applied Sciences Macao999078 China

The light field (LF) captures both the spatial and angular information of scenes, enabling accurate depth estimation. However, previous deep learning methods typically model surface depth only while ignoring the continuous nature of depth in 3D scenes. In this paper, we use the displacement field (DF) to describe this continuous property, and propose a novel depth-continuous scene representation for robust LF depth estimation. Experiments demonstrate that our representation enables the network to generate highly detailed depth maps with fewer parameters and faster speeds. Specifically, inspired by the signed distance field in 3D object descriptions, we aim to exploit the intrinsic depth-continuous property of 3D scenes via DF and define a novel depth-continuous scene representation. Then, we introduce a simple, yet general, learning framework for depth-continuous scene embedding, and the proposed network, DepthDF, achieves state-of-the-art performance on both synthetic and real-world LF datasets, ranking 1st on the HCI 4D light field benchmark. Furthermore, previous LF depth estimation methods can also be seamlessly integrated into this framework. Finally, we extend this framework beyond LF depth estimation to various tasks, including multiview stereo depth inference, LF superresolution, and LF salient object detection. Our experiments demonstrate an improved performance when continuous scene representation is applied, suggesting that our framework can potentially provide insights for more fields. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Stereo image processing

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A novel perspective using Chaotic-Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm for Arabic Feature Selection Problem 6

A novel perspective using Chaotic-Grey Wolf Optimization Alg...

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6th International Conference on AI in Computational Linguistics, ACLing 2024

作者： Hadni, Meryeme Hjiaj, Hassane Gouiouez, Mounir Amane, Meryeme Department of Computer Science LAMIGEP EMSI Marrakech Morocco Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Morocco PSCS Laboratory Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco Artificial Intelligence Data Science and Emergent Systems Laboratory Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco

In the field of neural language processing, current research projects that apply meta-heuristic approaches to Arabic text are extremely limited given the complexity of this language in terms of structure, grammatical rules, morphology, syntactic analysis and derivation rules. In this paper, we propose a new approach for processing Arabic documents using the chaotic grey wolf optimization technique, which is employed as a supervised learning method by simulating the behavior of grey wolves in searching, circling and pursuing their prey. The proposed method is divided into four phases. The term weighting phase uses TF- IDFC-RF, which is based on TF-IDF and the relevance frequency of terms in documents and classes. The feature selection phase combines the chaotic method of the grey wolf optimization algorithm to both reduce and identify relevant features for model building. In the third phase, we use three classifiers: firefly algorithm, SVM and NB to classify documents into several classes. In the experimental process, we used two collections of reference documents to present a comparative study of the different term weighting systems. The experimental results show that the new architecture, based on the chaotic optimization of the grey wolf algorithm with the Firefly algorithm, obtained the best results in terms of accuracy. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Feature Selection

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4th Workshop on Learning with Imbalanced Domains - Theory and Applications: Preface

Proceedings of Machine Learning Research

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Proceedings of Machine Learning Research 2022年 183卷 1-7页

作者： Moniz, Nuno Branco, Paula Torgo, Luís Japkowicz, Nathalie Wozniak, Michal Wang, Shuo Lucy Family Institute for Data & Society University of Notre Dame IN United States Faculty of Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada Faculty of Computer Science Dalhousie University Halifax Canada Department of Computer Science American University WashingtonDC United States Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wroclaw Poland University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom

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Determining Variables Associated with Annual Oil Palm Yield: An Explainable Gradient Boosting Approach 8

Determining Variables Associated with Annual Oil Palm Yield:...

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8th International Conference on computer science and Computational Intelligence, ICCSCI 2023

作者： Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Suparyanto, Teddy Miftakhurrokhmat Pardamean, Bens Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Faculty of Agricultural Technology Institute of Agriculture STIPER Yogyakarta55282 Indonesia Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta55584 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

With the growing demands for Precision Agriculture (PA) in Indonesia, researchers have evaluated the utilization of Machine Learning for predicting oil palm yields and determining variables affecting them. Previous studies showed that meteorological variables, including rainfalls and wind speed, are associated with oil palm yields. In this research, the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model and the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were deployed for analyzing the importance of 15 agrometeorological variables in predicting oil palm yield. The best model attained 1.911 RMSE and 0.855 RRʹ. By analyzing the weights and gains of the XGBoost model along with the SHAP values, it was found that the yield in the previous year, the age and number of plants, the area of peat lands, and meteorological parameters such as rainfall rates and the number of rainy days in the previous three years were considered important. The previous year's yield in particular possesses the greatest weight and gain values according to the model, and the highest SHAP value among all input variables. However, the meteorological data used in this research are only limited to rainfall rates and the number of rainy days. In the future, more diverse variables can be analyzed. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Machine Learning Oil Palm Yield SHAP XAI XGBoost

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Training of Neural Networks with Uncertain data : A Mixture of Experts Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Luttner, Lucas Faculty for Computer Science and Data Science University of Regensburg Germany

This paper introduces the "Uncertainty-aware Mixture of Experts" (uMoE), a pioneering solution aimed at addressing aleatoric uncertainty within Neural Network (NN) based predictive models. While existing methodologies primarily concentrate on managing uncertainty during inference, uMoE uniquely embeds uncertainty into the training phase. Employing a "Divide and Conquer" strategy, uMoE strategically partitions the uncertain input space into more manageable subspaces. It comprises Expert components, individually trained on their respective subspace uncertainties. Overarching the Experts, a Gating Unit, leveraging additional information regarding the distribution of uncertain inputs across these subspaces, dynamically adjusts the weighting to minimize deviations from ground truth. Our findings demonstrate the superior performance of uMoE over baseline methods in effectively managing data uncertainty. Furthermore, through a comprehensive robustness analysis, we showcase its adaptability to varying uncertainty levels and propose optimal threshold parameters. This innovative approach boasts broad applicability across diverse data-driven domains, including but not limited to biomedical signal processing, autonomous driving, and production quality control. Code can be accessed here: https://***/lucascodinglab/uMoE_Training_Neural_ Networks_with_uncertain_data © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Quality control

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A Computational Approach to Measuring the Semantic Divergence of Cognates 20th

A Computational Approach to Measuring the Semantic Diverge...

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20th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, CICLing 2019

作者： Uban, Ana-Sabina Cristea [Ciobanu], Alina Dinu, Liviu P. Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania Human Language Technologies Research Center University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania Data Science Center University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9783031243394

Meaning is the foundation stone of intercultural communication. Languages are continuously changing, and words shift their meanings for various reasons. Semantic divergence in related languages is a key concern of historical linguistics. In this paper we investigate semantic divergence across languages by measuring the semantic similarity of cognate sets in multiple languages. The method that we propose is based on cross-lingual word embeddings. In this paper we implement and evaluate our method on English and five Romance languages, but it can be extended easily to any language pair, requiring only large monolingual corpora for the involved languages and a small bilingual dictionary for the pair. This language-agnostic method facilitates a quantitative analysis of cognates divergence – by computing degrees of semantic similarity between cognate pairs – and provides insights for identifying false friends. As a second contribution, we formulate a straightforward method for detecting false friends, and introduce the notion of "soft false friend" and "hard false friend", as well as a measure of the degree of "falseness" of a false friends pair. Additionally, we propose an algorithm that can output suggestions for correcting false friends, which could result in a very helpful tool for language learning or translation. © 2023, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Semantics

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Multi-Label Text Classification for Judicial Texts via Dual Graph and Label Feature Fusion 10

Multi-Label Text Classification for Judicial Texts via Dual ...

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10th IEEE Smart World Congress, SWC 2024

作者： Gu, Qiliang Lu, Qin Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Jinan China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520861

The legal judgement prediction (LJP) of judicial texts represents a multi-label text classification (MLTC) problem, which in turn involves three distinct tasks: the prediction of charges, legal articles, and terms of penalty. Nevertheless, extant multi-label text classification models tend to eschew the consideration of multiple correlations and semantic information between labels when predicting judicial texts, which may result in the loss of pertinent information. Furthermore, these models do not take full advantage of the local and overall information of the labels in the process of selecting appropriate labels for the text using the multi-head attention mechanism. To address these issues, we propose a new model, BGFLFF, which explores label correlation and semantics among the three tasks by employing Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and multi-head attention mechanisms. In particular, we propose a Bi-Graph Fusion GCN (BGF-GCN), which fuses the co-occurrence matrix of labels with the cosine similarity matrix, thereby fully exploiting the multiple correlations between labels. Furthermore, prior to embedding the tags, the interpretations of the labels are obtained via Google in order to enhance the semantic information between the labels. To further reinforce the interconnections between labels and text and more effectively comprehend the interrelationships between the three tasks, we propose a Multi-Head Label Feature Fusion Attentional Mechanism (MH-LFFAtt), which assigns distinct weights to the pertinent label information in the text by fusing the local and overall features of the labels. The experimental results demonstrate that the F1 score exhibits an improvement of up to 2. 2 8 % and a minimum of 1. 2 9 % across the various tasks of the two datasets. This evidence substantiates the assertion that BGFLFF outperforms the existing baseline model. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Outage Prediction and Improvement in 6G for UAV Swarm Relays Using Machine Learning

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 107卷 33-45页

作者： Khalil, Hisham Ali, Gauhar Rahman, Saeed Ur Asim, Muhammad Affendi, Mohammed El Department of Intelligent Systems Faculty of Information Technology University of Lahore Pakistan EIAS Data Science and Block chain Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xi’an China

The issue of signal outages in sub-THz frequency communication for future 6G networks is addressed by this research. A machine learning method is proposed, employing Random Forest and K-Means algorithms to predict the optimal frequency band and outage probabilities for UAV relays. Both space and frequency diversity are explored to enhance signal strength, and metasurface-carrying UAVs are introduced with a 16 × 16 mm2 design. This design significantly reduces the predicted outage probability from 0.1% to 0.0178%. Finally, triangular and hexagonal UAV swarm formations with metasurfaces are investigated, demonstrating improved performance through heatmap results. © (2024), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Orbit Weighting Scheme in the Context of Vector Space Information Retrieval

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1347-1379页

作者： Ahmad Ababneh Yousef Sanjalawe Salam Fraihat Salam Al-E’mari Hamzah Alqudah Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyAmerican University of MadabaAmman11821Jordan Department of Cybersecurity Faculty of Information TechnologyAmerican University of MadabaAmman11821Jordan Artificial Intelligence Research Center(AIRC) College of Engineering and Information TechnologyAjman UniversityP.O.Box 346Ajman13306United Arab Emirates Information Security Department Faculty of Information TechnologyUniversity of PetraAmman11196Jordan Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Information TechnologyAmerican University of MadabaAmman11821Jordan

This study introduces the Orbit Weighting Scheme(OWS),a novel approach aimed at enhancing the precision and efficiency of Vector Space information retrieval(IR)models,which have traditionally relied on weighting schemes like tf-idf and *** conventional methods often struggle with accurately capturing document relevance,leading to inefficiencies in both retrieval performance and index size *** proposes a dynamic weighting mechanism that evaluates the significance of terms based on their orbital position within the vector space,emphasizing term relationships and distribution patterns overlooked by existing *** research focuses on evaluating OWS’s impact on model accuracy using Information Retrieval metrics like Recall,Precision,InterpolatedAverage Precision(IAP),andMeanAverage Precision(MAP).Additionally,we assessOWS’s effectiveness in reducing the inverted index size,crucial for model *** compare OWS-based retrieval models against others using different schemes,including tf-idf variations and *** reveal OWS’s superiority,achieving a 54%Recall and 81%MAP,and a notable 38%reduction in the inverted index *** highlights OWS’s potential in optimizing retrieval processes and underscores the need for further research in this underrepresented area to fully leverage OWS’s capabilities in information retrieval methodologies.

关键词： Information retrieval orbit weighting scheme semantic text analysis Tf-Idf weighting scheme vector space model

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