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A QoS-based technique for load balancing in green cloud computing using an artificial bee colony algorithm

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 2025年第2期37卷 307-342页

作者： Tabagchi Milan, Sara Jafari Navimipour, Nima Lohi Bavil, Hamed Yalcin, Senay Department of Computer Engineering Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliou Taiwan Department of Computer Engineering University of Applied Sciences & Technology Tabriz Iran Department of Computer Engineering Nisantasi University Istanbul Turkey

Nowadays, high energy amount is being wasted by computing servers and personal electronic devices, which produce a high amount of carbon dioxide. Thus, it is required to decrease energy usage and pollution. Many applications are utilised by green computing to save energy. Scheduling of tasks acts as an important process to reach the mentioned goals. It is worth stating that the vital characteristic of task scheduling in green clouds is the load balancing of tasks on virtual machines. Efficient load balancing moves tasks from overloaded to underloaded virtual machines to maintain the Quality of Service (QoS). This issue is an NP-complete problem, so this research suggests a new technique based on the behavioural structure of artificial bee behaviour. This method aims to improve QoS while lowering energy usage in green computing. In addition, the honey bees are considered the removed tasks from overloaded virtual machines and a candidate for migrating selected tasks with the lowest priority. The CloudSim testing findings demonstrate that the technique is successful in QoS, makespan, and energy usage compared to other ways. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cloud computing

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From 5G to 6G: The Role of AI, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning in Wireless Systems 4

From 5G to 6G: The Role of AI, Machine Learning, and Deep Le...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Gote, Pradnyawant M. Kumar, Praveen Verma, Prateek Yesankar, Prajyot Pawar, Adesh Saratkar, Saniya Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science & Design Maharashtra Wardha442001 India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science & Medical Engineering Maharashtra Wardha442001 India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning Maharashtra Wardha442001 India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Maharashtra Wardha442001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

The swift progression of wireless communication technologies-specifically from 5G to 6G is an approach that could be the most significant revolutionary leap towards changing connectivity and data transmission forever. Additionally, algorithms of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in 5G and 6G can offer promising advancements toward predictive maintenance, dynamic spectrum management, and enhanced security. The review of the potentially transformative nature of these technologies underlines the need for future directions of research efforts called for in circumventing challenges towards making full capability exploitation of 6G possible. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Swin Transformer and Diffusion Models for Robust Image Denoising

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 71880-71907页

作者： El-Nabi, Samy Abd Ibrahim, Ahmed F. El-Rabaie, El-Sayed M. Hassan, Osama F. Soliman, Naglaa F. Ramadan, Khalil F. El-Shafai, Walid Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence Engineering South Sinai 46511 Egypt Menoufia University Faculty of Electronic Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Menouf32952 Egypt Suez Canal University Faculty of Computers and Informatics Information Systems Department Ismailia41522 Egypt Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Information Technology P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia

With the rapid development of intelligent transportation systems and growing emphasis on driver safety, real-time detection of driver drowsiness has become a critical area of research. This study presents a robust and scalable driver drowsiness detection framework that integrates a Swin Transformer-based deep learning model with a diffusion model for image denoising. While conventional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are effective in standard vision tasks, they often suffer performance degradation in real-world driving scenarios due to noise, poor lighting, motion blur, and adversarial attacks. To address these challenges, the proposed model focuses on eye-state detection, specifically, prolonged eye closure, as a primary indicator of driver disengagement and fatigue. Our system introduces a novel preprocessing stage using a denoising diffusion model built on a U-Net encoder-decoder architecture, effectively mitigating the impact of Gaussian noise and adversarial perturbations. Additionally, we incorporate adversarial training with Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) and Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) attacks, demonstrating significant improvements in classification accuracy and resilience. Evaluations are conducted on two benchmark datasets, Eye-Blink and Closed Eyes in the Wild (CEW), under both clean and noisy conditions. Comparative experiments show that the proposed system outperforms several state-of-the-art models, including ViT, ResNet50V2, InceptionV3, MobileNet, DenseNet169, and VGG19, in terms of accuracy (up to 99.82%), PSNR (up to 41.61 dB), and SSIM (up to 0.984), while maintaining competitive inference times suitable for practical deployment. Moreover, a detailed sensitivity analysis of data augmentation strategies reveals that techniques such as rotation and horizontal flip substantially enhance the model’s generalization across variable visual inputs. The system also demonstrates improved robustness under real-world black-box scenarios and adver

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Intelligent wearable vision systems for the visually impaired in Saudi Arabia

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第14期37卷 8571-8591页

作者： Talaat, Fatma M. El-Shafai, Walid Soliman, Naglaa F. Algarni, Abeer D. El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering New Mansoura University Gamasa35712 Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Navigating the world with visual impairments presents unique challenges, often limiting independence and safety. This research introduces SafeStride, a novel algorithm designed to empower visually impaired individuals through real-time obstacle detection and navigation assistance. SafeStride functions through five interconnected phases: sensor data acquisition, data preprocessing, obstacle detection, path planning, and feedback and guidance. A combination of ultrasonic sensors, cameras, and inertial measurement units (IMUs) feed comprehensive environmental data into the system, enabling accurate obstacle detection and safe path planning. Evaluating SafeStride's performance involved the MNIST dataset for image recognition and a dedicated indoor object detection dataset. Additionally, comparisons were made against three deep learning models—convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit (GRU). The results showcased SafeStride's high accuracy and effectiveness in both obstacle detection and classification. Beyond its impressive performance, SafeStride represents a significant leap forward in navigation aids for the visually impaired. By offering a comprehensive solution that enhances safety and independence in diverse environments, it holds immense potential to improve the lives of countless individuals. Future efforts will focus on further optimizing the algorithm and testing its real-world capabilities, paving the way for a future where safe and independent navigation becomes a reality for all. All three deep learning models (CNN, LSTM, GRU) excelled in the experiment, achieving high accuracy above 0.98, strong recall and F1-scores near 0.99, and exceptional AUC-ROC scores exceeding 0.9998. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Motion planning

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Mitigating Ransomware in Government-Managed Institutions: A Global Critical Information Infrastructure Perspective

Mitigating Ransomware in Government-Managed Institutions: A ...

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20th International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security, ICCWS 2025

作者： Mashila, Musiwalo Sithungu, Siphesihle Philezwini Lebea, Khutso Academy of Computer Science and Software Engineering Faculty of Science University of Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781917204316

This paper examines the escalating ransomware threats faced by government-managed educational institutions, focusing on their vulnerabilities, case studies, and mitigation strategies. With the adoption of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policies, schools increasingly expose their networks to cyber risks, making them attractive targets for cybercriminals. Case studies, including attacks on the Los Angeles Unified School District and the University of California, San Francisco, illustrate the profound impact of ransomware incidents and the diverse responses of institutions. Effective cybersecurity measures are crucial, emphasizing the need for prioritized spending, comprehensive security training, and advanced detection and response strategies. The role of government is also vital, as it develops legislation, guidelines, and funding opportunities to enhance educational cybersecurity. Recommendations include technical measures to secure networks and collaborative educational initiatives to share best practices. Ultimately, this research study underscores the necessity of continuous adaptation and government support in fortifying defences against ransomware threats. By fostering a cybersecurity awareness and resilience culture, educational institutions can better protect sensitive data and ensure the safety of their operations in an increasingly tricky digital landscape. © 2025 Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Warfare and Security (ICCWS). All rights reserved.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Enhanced Position-Aided Beam Prediction Using Real-World Data and Enhanced-Convolutional Neural Networks

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 74917-74929页

作者： Moaty, Ahmed Hamad, Ehab K. I. Hussein, Aziza I. Mourad Mabrook, M. Donkol, A.A. Nahda University Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering Dept Beni-Suef Egypt Aswan University Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Aswan81542 Egypt Effat University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Jeddah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Navigation Science & Space Technology Beni-Suef University Space communication Dept Egypt South Valley University Electrical Engineering Faculty of engineering Communication and electronics department Egypt

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems utilize narrow beamforming to ensure adequate signal power. However, beam alignment requires significant training overhead, especially in high-mobility scenarios. Previous research has utilized synthetic data for position-aided beam prediction, which does not fully capture real-world complexities. In this work, an Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network model (E-CNN) is proposed for optimal prediction of beam indices with the aid of real-world GPS position data. The proposed E-CNN model has been investigated across nine different scenarios from the DeepSense 6G dataset and compared against the conventional algorithms. For 64-beams Scenario 1, the E-CNN model showed an increase in average top-1 accuracy from 55.57% to 63.92%, and in case of 32-beams, the accuracy increased from 71.34 % to 82.06%. For 16-beams, the accuracy increased from 86.17% to 94.64 %, while for 8-beams, the accuracy increased from 90.24% to 97.11%. In addition, besides showing significant power loss reduction in various scenarios, the proposed E-CNN model has demonstrated robustness regarding real-word conditions and adaptability for various beam setups. The model realized as high as a 50% power loss reduction in arguably the most challenging graphs, which is an exercise in reliability. This research fills the existing gap between the simulated aid beam alignment and real-world position beam aided alignment, which can be useful in improving beamforming in the upcoming wireless networks. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Recognition of American sign language using modified deep residual CNN with modified canny edge segmentation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Hariharan, U. Devarajan, Devikanniga Kumar, P. Santhosh Rajkumar, K. Meena, M. Akilan, T. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Karnataka Bengaluru561203 India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tambaram602109 India Research Coordinator Dept. of IQAC Amity University Kolkata West Bengal 700135 India

American Sign Language (ASL) recognition aims to recognize hand gestures, and it is a crucial solution to communicating between the deaf community and hearing people. However, existing sign language recognition algorithms still have some drawbacks, such as difficulty recognizing hand movements and low recognition accuracy for most sign language recognition. A Modified Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) deep residual 101 classifier-based American Sign Language identification system has been developed to address this problem. There are three main parts presents in the method. The first part is pre-processing the images to remove the noise, enhance the contrast of the picture, adjust the contrast level and smoothen the picture using various filters. The second part is the segmentation, and it’s used to partition the image using a modified canny edge detection method by removing all weak edges present in the image. Finally, classification will be done using the Modified CNN deep residual 101 classifiers. By classifying the image, the American Sign Language is accurately identified. This process is conducted through images. The outcome shows that the suggested approach has a 0.97% accuracy and a 0.05% False Positive Rate. Other CNN architectures such as resNet 50 and resNet 18 reached 0.90% and 0.80% accuracy, respectively, which is lower than our proposed method. In addition, the resNet 101 classifier effectively recognizes the difficult hand gestures through the image data. It obtains high recognition accuracy for 36 signs is 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets from American Sign Language. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Machine Translation Performance for Low-Resource Languages: A Systematic Literature Review

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 72486-72505页

作者： Tafa, Taofik O. Hashim, Siti Zaiton Mohd Othman, Mohd Shahizan Alhussian, Hitham Nasser, Maged Abdulkadir, Said Jadid Huspi, Sharin Hazlin Adeyemo, Sarafa O. Bena, Yunusa Adamu Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Computing Johor Bahru81310 Malaysia Department of Computer Science at Gusau Gusau632101 Nigeria Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Department of Computer and Information Sciences Perak Seri Iskandar32610 Malaysia Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering Aliero Nigeria

Machine translation (MT) for low-resource languages continues to face significant challenges because of limited digital resources and parallel corpora, despite remarkable developments in neural machine translation (NMT). Addressing these challenges requires a thorough review of existing research to identify effective strategies and methods. To achieve this, a systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted following PRISMA guidelines and systematically analysing studies published in various academic databases in the last five years (between 2020 and 2024). A total of 69 relevant articles were examined to evaluate the performance of MT, explore persistent challenges and assess the effectiveness of proposed or used solutions. The analysis shows that while NMT has emerged as the predominant approach, its effectiveness is often reduced by the scarcity of training data and the structural complexity of low-resource languages. Strategies such as active learning, data augmentation, multilingual models and transfer learning are identified as critical for improving translation performance. Additionally, emerging research trends, including data pre-processing, optimization of decoder and rule-based approach demonstrate promising directions for addressing existing limitations. In terms of evaluation, most of the studies used Character n-gram F-score (ChrF), Translation Edit Rate (TER), Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering (METEOR), Word Error Rate (WER) and Bilingual Evaluation Underscore (BLEU) as techniques’ validation metrics. This review provides a detailed evaluation of the current state of MT for low-resource languages and emphasizes the need for further research into underrepresented languages and the development of comprehensive datasets. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： computer aided language translation

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iWBFCxr: improved weighted box fusion for analyzing chest x ray images for enhancing thoracic abnormalities

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年第2期17卷 711-720页

作者： Verma, Sonia Devarajan, Ganesh Gopal Sharma, Pankaj Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Delhi - NCR Campus Delhi - Meerut Road Modinagar Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad 201204 India Department of Computer Science ABES Engineering College UP Ghaziabad 201009 India

Chest x-ray studies can be automatically detected and their locations located using artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. To detect the location of findings, additional annotation in the form of bounding boxes is required, rather than image-level labeling. Accurate interpretation of chest radiographs is essential for diagnosing thoracic abnormalities. This paper introduces a novel method for abnormality detection in chest radiographs using the VinDr-CXR dataset. Labeled training sets are improved by incorporating data augmentation and advanced pre-processing techniques. To improve the accuracy of anomaly identification, the study makes use of ensemble object detection models, such as the modified weighted boxes fusion (iWBFCxr) technique. With an average precision (AP) of 0.2434 for class 14, experimental results on the VinDr-CXR dataset show an overall mean average precision (mAP) of 0.2791. The iWBFCxr approach, when combined with ensemble predictions, has the potential to improve abnormality localization. By integrating enhanced label merging with ensemble object detection models, our method improves abnormality localization in chest radiographs significantly, improving thoracic abnormality diagnosis accuracy and possibly leading to new medical interventions. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Automated classification Automated localization Chest radiographs computer vision Deep learning Machine learning Thoracic anomalies

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Enhanced Multiple Sound Event Detection and Classification Using Physical Signal Properties in Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 81312-81325页

作者： Roozbehi, Zahra Narayanan, Ajit Mohaghegh, Mahsa Saeedinia, Samaneh-Alsadat Auckland University of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auckland New Zealand Auckland University of Technology Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies Auckland New Zealand Iran University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran

Sound event detection and classification present significant challenges, particularly in noisy environments with multiple overlapping sources. This paper introduces an innovative architecture for multiple sound event detection and classification utilizing recurrent spiking neural networks (SNNs). Our method uniquely leverages temporal data to detect and classify multiple sound sources simultaneously, integrating the physical concept of signal power matching with neuronal output power and employing a binaural strategy to enhance detection accuracy in real-world scenarios. The architecture processes spatiotemporal data to dynamically update synaptic weights, enabling precise identification of sound event categories and their occurrences. Our simulations reveal substantial performance improvements, achieving the highest precision of 73% in classification tasks, including multilayer perceptrons (MLP), convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNN), and recurrent neural networks (RNN). Statistical analysis indicates that these improvements are significant (p-value © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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