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The Large Language Models on Biomedical Data Analysis: A Survey

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2025年第6期29卷 4486-4497页

作者： Lan, Wei Tang, Zhentao Liu, Mingyang Chen, Qingfeng Peng, Wei Chen, Yiping Phoebe Pan, Yi Guangxi University School of Computer Electronic and Information Nanning530004 China Kunming University of Science and Technology Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming650500 China La Trobe University Department of Computer Science and Information Technology MelbourneVIC3086 Australia Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518055 China

With the rapid development of Large Language Model (LLM) technology, it has become an indispensable force in biomedical data analysis research. However, biomedical researchers currently have limited knowledge about LLM. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a summary of LLM applications in biomedical data analysis. Herein, we propose this review by summarizing the latest research work on LLM in biomedicine. In this review, LLM techniques are first outlined. We then discuss biomedical datasets and frameworks for biomedical data analysis, followed by a detailed analysis of LLM applications in genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, radiomics, single-cell analysis, medical texts and drug discovery. Finally, the challenges of LLM in biomedical data analysis are discussed. In summary, this review is intended for researchers interested in LLM technology and aims to help them understand and apply LLM in biomedical data analysis research. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Data consistency

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Channel Estimation Model and Their Role in Optimizing Customer Lifetime Value with Robust Optimization 24

Channel Estimation Model and Their Role in Optimizing Custom...

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7th International Conference on Machine Learning and Machine Intelligence, MLMI 2024

作者： Elveny, Marischa Nasution, Mahyuddin K.M. Purnamasari, Fanindia Wook, Tengku Siti Meriam Tengku Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717833

In a dynamic and competitive business world, optimizing customer lifetime value (CLV) is an important goal for companies to maximize the effectiveness of their marketing strategies. Utilizing effective channel estimation techniques and adapting robust statistical methodologies is critical to accurately understanding and improving CLV. The study aims to investigate the part that channel estimation plays in CLV optimization by using the robust M-estimation and iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) approaches. This study specifically integrates RFM (recency, frequency, and monetary) analysis to measure and improve customer value predictions. We integrate the RFM variable as the main predictor in the regression model to estimate CLV based on different channel interactions. The research results show an R-square value of 0.94, which means 94% of data variability shows very good agreement between models. An RMSE value of 0.20 means that the average model prediction deviates from the actual value by around 0.20 units. A low RMSE indicates high prediction accuracy. Channel estimation techniques, combined with RFM and robust methods, provide significant insight into the factors influencing CLV. Increased email interactions and social media engagement are associated with higher CLV values, indicating that businesses should invest more in digital marketing strategies. We have proven that the frequency of current customer interactions and engagement through optimal channels has the most significant positive impact on increasing CLV. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Sales

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Influence of different form of multimedia on motivation and topic perception in augmented reality learning experiences

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Yap, Shook Chin Rahmat, Rahmita Wirza Ali, Siti Khadijah School of Computing and Data Science Xiamen University Malaysia Selangor Sepang Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Serdang Malaysia

It has been widely proven that Augmented Reality (AR) brings numerous benefits in learning experiences, including enhancing learning outcomes and motivation. However, not many studies investigate how different forms of multimedia help in motivating students in AR learning experiences. Instead of examining whether AR can be used in education to motivate students, our research focused on investigating how and when AR learning experiences influence motivation when integrated with multimedia learning. A between-subjects 2 × 3 factorial design was employed in this study. The first factor was the type of AR (static-AR or animated-AR), and the second factor was the modality of the description (concurrent narration-text, text only, or narration only). Six experimental conditions were designed, each equipped with different versions of AR learning applications with various combinations of multimedia formats. One hundred and forty-four computer science and information technology undergraduate students (70 males and 74 females) were randomly assigned to one of the six experimental conditions. Data collection was conducted with questionnaires, and data were analyzed using univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results show that attention and satisfaction subscales of the ARCS motivational model can be enhanced with 3D animation implemented in AR. Descriptions delivered with concurrent narration and written text in AR are effective in enhancing motivation as well. Besides, participants’ perceived understanding and interest in learning the topic increased after AR learning experiences. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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A DES Homomorphic Scheme for Blackbox Data Analytics 4

A DES Homomorphic Scheme for Blackbox Data Analytics

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4th International Multidisciplinary information technology and Engineering Conference, IMITEC 2024

作者： Mletshe, Luthando Modiba, Nthabiseng Makhoere, Lucky Ntlatywa, Phumezo Nogwina, Mnoneleli Chibaya, Colin Computer Science and Information Technology Faculty of Natural and Applied Science Kimberley South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387988

Data confidentiality is a critical concern in corporate settings, particularly as data analysts seek to uncover trends and insights from sensitive datasets. Traditional approaches often require plaintext data, posing a significant risk to data privacy during analytics processes. In response to this challenge, homomorphic encryption schemes have emerged as a promising solution to enable secure data analytics while preserving confidentiality. In this work-in-progress paper, we present an ongoing implementation of a homomorphic scheme based on the Data Encryption Standard (DES) as a proof of concept. Our goal is to showcase how DES homomorphic encryption can facilitate secure data analytics by allowing computations on encrypted data without compromising confidentiality. While our work is still in the early stages, we aim to empower data custodians by enabling them to share complete cipher datasets with confidence, knowing that data analytics operations remain blackbox and preserve data availability. Overall, this work represents an ongoing effort to advance data security practices and contribute to the development of practical solutions for secure data analytics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Data Analytics

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Machine Learning Approach to Predict Student Performance Based on Previous Records

Machine Learning Approach to Predict Student Performance Bas...

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2024 International Conference on computer and Applications, ICCA 2024

作者： Albohali, Amal Khalifa Alshareef, Almahdi Shantal, Mohammed Sebha University Faculty of information technology Computer science depertment Sebha Libya Sebha University Faculty of information technology Computer science depertment Research Department Lcdmikdr Sebha Libya

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367560

Educational Data Mining (EDM) is an emerging field dedicated to discovering and analyzing meaningful patterns in educational datasets. This paper provides a comparative analysis of seven machine-learning classifiers: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes (NB), and Neural Network (NN). The primary objective is to evaluate these algorithms, combined with preprocessing techniques, for predicting student performance and identifying the most effective classifier using metrics such as the confusion matrix, accuracy, precision, and sensitivity. The dataset utilized in this study was obtained from Sebha University, Libya, comprising 6,000 student records. It includes 6 attributes from the university's SIS system and 43 attributes derived from completed questionnaires, focusing exclusively on students from scientific departments. The experimental results revealed that the RF algorithm outperformed other classifiers in predicting student performance. Significant improvements in the model's performance were observed after applying data preprocessing and feature selection techniques. These findings offer valuable insights to help new students select suitable academic programs, potentially enhancing their academic performance. Furthermore, the proposed model could serve as an early warning system to identify students at risk of academic failure, enabling timely intervention. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Optimized AI and IoT-Driven Framework for Intelligent Water Resource Management

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 97628-97646页

作者： Rokaya, Mahmoud Hemdan, Dalia I. Alajmani, Samah Hazzaa Alyami, Raneem Yousif Elmarhomy, Ghada Hashim, Hasan Atlam, El-Sayed College of Computers and Information Technology Taif University Department of Information Technology P.O. Box 11099 Taif21944 Saudi Arabia Taif University Faculty of Science Department of Food Science and Nutrition P.O. Box 11099 Taif21944 Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Department of Information Systems Saudi Arabia Tanta University Department Computer Science Faculty of Science Tanta31527 Egypt Taibah University College of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Computer Science Yanbu6421 Saudi Arabia

The scheme of water resources management is a necessity for reducing water scarcity in arid areas and improving water availability in general [1]. However, water leak detection and irrigation scheduling traditional AI models are often computationally intensive and require complex hyperparameter tuning, making them less scalable. This study presents an artificial intelligence-based optimization framework that improves forecasting accuracy, computational speed, and real-time adaptability. The architecture combines the ensemble-learning algorithms (XGBoost, LightGBM), hybrid AIs (XGBoost + Autoencoder), and metaheuristic feature selection (GA, PSO, SA) for making intelligent decisions. Moreover, ontology-based feature structuring enhances interpretability, while hyperparameter tuning (GridSearchCV, Bayesian Optimization) and model compression techniques (pruning, quantization, knowledge distillation) ensure computational efficiency. A large number of experiments on real-world IoT sensor data testify to the effectiveness of the framework. It achieves 0.992 AUC-ROC scores for leak detection, an RMSE of 0.227 hours for irrigation scheduling, and an overall accuracy of 94.8%. Additional performance measures comprise precision (89.0%), recall (95.2%), F1-score (0.92), and inference speed (0.003 ms/sample). Although quantization has reduced the computational overhead, we still see a 13.02% increase in the model size as seen in Experiment 6, leading to a trade-off that needs to be optimized further. This study offers a deployable AI-based model for sustainable water management by tackling the issues of scalability, computational cost, and limitations in benchmark evaluation. By virtue of the empirical validation and comparative analysis of the framework, it has been shown to perform better than the regular methods, proving that the methodology can act as a step forward in the field of real-time, AI-assisted irrigation and leak detection systems. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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A Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques for Yemeni Universities Admission Examinations Predictions 1

A Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques for Yemeni Unive...

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1st International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Dependable Internet of Things, ICETI 2024

作者： Al-Hagree, Salah Al-Sanabani, Maher Al-Gaphari, Ghaleb Al-Shalabi, Ahmed Abdullah Alawdi, Ala'a Al-Dilami, Redwan Mohsen, Ayedh Abdulaziz Alfahad, Khalil T. Computer Science Department Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Sana’a University Yemen Computer Science Department Faculty of Sciences Ibb University Yemen Aljazeera University Yemen Computer Science Department Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Thamar University Yemen Faculty of Computing and IT University of Science and Technology Sana’a Yemen School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan Textile University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533557

Admissions examinations are crucial in shaping students' academic and career paths. Machine learning (ML) offers a promising avenue for transforming the assessment process in universities, schools, and colleges. This paper presents a new ML-based method to evaluate high school graduates seeking admission to eleven colleges across nine Yemeni universities, applicable to both scholarship and self-financing students. The proposed approach leverages several ML techniques, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Gradient Boosting (GB), Extra Trees (ET), Decision Tree (DT), AdaBoost, and XGBoost. In this study, ML algorithms were applied to admissions examinations at nine Yemeni universities, including Sana’a, Ibb, Dhamar, Amran, Jiblah, Mihwit, Al-Dhalea, Saada, and Hajjah. The dataset comprised 15,898 student applications for eleven colleges, encompassing both scholarship and self-financing programs. Experiment one evaluated the performance of various ML techniques. Gradient Boosting (GB) and Random Forest (RF) demonstrated superior results, achieving the highest accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score. Specifically, GB and RF attained 91.00% and 90.00% accuracy, 87.60% and 88.80% precision, 89.90% and 87.50% recall, and 89.30% and 87.60% F-score, respectively. Experiment two further refined the analysis, comparing ET and RF to other ML methods. ET and RF consistently outperformed LR, KNN, SVM, DT, GB, AdaBoost, and XGBoost. In this experiment, ET and RF achieved exceptional accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score rates of 99.00% and 99.00%, 97.50% and 97.20%, 98.00% and 97.80%, and 97.80% and 97.50%, respectively. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Random forests

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Development and Research of Models for Optimization information Flow in Interactive Analysis Big Data in Geographic information Systems

Development and Research of Models for Optimization Informat...

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International Conference on Emerging Trends and Applications in Artificial Intelligence, ICETAI 2023

作者： Alrammahi, Ali Abdulkarem Habib Sari, Farah Abbas Obaid Hilal, Bushra Kamil Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Kufa Najaf Iraq Department of Computer Information Systems Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Qadisiya Qadisiya Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9783031567278

A large number of areas of application of geographic information systems (GIS) involves the continuous accumulation data. The need to record the state of an observed object or phenomenon generates an intense flow of heterogeneous data over long-time intervals. The period of storage of the received information in many cases is not limited and is limited solely technical capabilities of archiving information. For this reason, GIS databases correspond to modern ideas about big data (big data), since they have a significant volume that is constantly growing, are heterogeneous in presentation formats, and have a value determined by a reliable display of objects, phenomena and events of the real world. A new model of representation of the analysis workspace by two informational components, skeleton and environment, is proposed. The skeleton is formed by deterministic queries to the GIS database, the environment is built by intelligent procedures as a shell of the skeleton. The difference of the proposed concept is the use of a utility function, the parameters of which are the complexity of the skeleton and the environment. The application of the proposed concept allows optimizing the quality of decision-making by maximizing the utility function of the workspace. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Geographic information systems

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Combining Remote Sensing Dataset, Machine Learning, and Explainable AI for Detailed Human Development Index Monitoring in East Java, Indonesia

Combining Remote Sensing Dataset, Machine Learning, and Expl...

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2024 International Conference on information technology Research and Innovation, ICITRI 2024

作者： Aprianto, Kasiful Saputra, Irwansyah Riana, Dwiza Universitas Nusa Mandiri Master of Computer Science Student Faculty of Information Technology Jakarta Indonesia Universitas Nusa Mandiri Faculty of Information Technology Department of Computer Science Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376210

This study integrates satellite imagery, machine learning, and explainable AI to enhance the predictive accuracy and interpretability of the Human Development Index (HDI) in East Java, Indonesia. Using advanced models, particularly Random Forest Regression, the research achieved an R-squared value of 0.8709, explaining approximately 87% of the variance in HDI. Feature importance analysis identified Night Time Light (NTL) as the most influential predictor with an importance score of 0.4910, indicating a strong correlation with urban development and economic activity. Other significant predictors included the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), reflecting the importance of environmental conditions in development metrics. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis provided insights into individual feature contributions, enhancing model transparency and supporting targeted policy interventions. For instance, higher NTL was associated with increased HDI, highlighting urbanization's role in development, while pollutants like NO2 and SO2 negatively impacted HDI. This study underscores the effectiveness of integrating satellite data and machine learning in socioeconomic analyses and offers a robust framework for future HDI monitoring. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Optimizing Broadcast Utilization for Efficient Disaster Management Using Wireless Ad Hoc Networks and Novel Energy-Saving Algorithms

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2024年第20期18卷 142-156页

作者： Alzyoud, Faisal Y. Tarawneh, Monther Almaghthawi, Ahmed Altalidi, Askar Asiri, Layla Alrehaili, Meaad Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology Isra University Amman Jordan Department of Information Technology College of Information Technology and Communications Tafila TechnicaUniversity Tafila Jordan Department of Computer Science College of Science & Art at Mahayil King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Information Science College of Science & Art at Mahayil King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia Departement of Computer Information System Applied college at Mahayil King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Collège of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Globalization, industry, and population growth is considered the main reasons for climate change, so when some natural calamity or disaster occurs in any area, it leads to isolating this area from the rest of the region. Wireless ad hoc networks are important in disaster management to reduce losses and costs as they reduce the response, aiding time to save lives. However, they suffer from limited energy, which controls the lifetime of the sensor. Different methods are applied to save energy and increase battery life, such as sleep-awake schedules which assume similar initial energy for all nodes. Domestic partition in a unit disk graph is the production of the maximum possible number of such disjoint dominants. However, it assumes different initial energy levels for all nodes, which is another problem. In this paper, a new broadcast approach based on minimum set data broadcasting is proposed to mini-mize the number of broadcasting messages to increase the battery life during disasters and enhance rescue operations. The proposed minimum rebroadcast algorithm (MSRA) method balances coverage and utilization efficiency by dynamically adjusting node selection based on network conditions. The results show that MSRA significantly reduces power consumption and transmission latency, opening the way to find a new solution for disaster management using wireless ad hoc networks. © 2024 by the authors of this article.

关键词： Mobile ad hoc networks

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