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Control Logic Routing for Continuous-Flow Microfluidic Biochips Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

Jisuanji Yanjiu yu Fazhan/computer research and Development 2025年第4期62卷 950-962页

作者： Cai, Huayang Huang, Xing Liu, Genggeng College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Fuzhou University Ministry of Education Fuzhou350116 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710072 China

With the advancement of electronic design automation, continuous-flow microfluidic biochips have become one of the most promising platforms for biochemical experiments. This chip manipulates fluid samples in milliliters or nanoliters by utilizing internal microvalves and microchannels, and thus automatically performs basic biochemical experiments, such as mixing and detection. To achieve the correct bioassay function, the microvalves deployed inside the chip are usually managed by a multiplexer-based control logic, and valves receive control signals from a core input through the control channel for accurate switching. Since biochemical reactions typically require high sensitivity, the length of control paths connecting each valve needs to be reduced to ensure immediate signal propagation, and thus to reduce the signal propagation delay. In addition, to reduce the fabrication cost of chips, a vital issue to be addressed in the logic architecture design is how to effectively reduce the total channel length within the control logic. To address the above issues, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based control logic routing algorithm to minimize the signal propagation delay and total control channel length, thereby automatically constructing an efficient control channel network. The algorithm employs the dueling deep Q-network architecture as the agent of the deep reinforcement learning framework to evaluate the tradeoff between signal propagation delay and total channel length. Besides, the diagonal channel routing is implemented for the first time for control logic, thus fundamentally improving the efficiency of valve switching operations and reducing the fabrication cost of the chip. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively construct a high-performance and low-cost control logic architecture. © 2025 science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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An Attention-Based Model for Clinical Time Series Prediction: Enhancing ICU Readmission Prediction 14

An Attention-Based Model for Clinical Time Series Prediction...

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14th International Conference on computer and Knowledge Engineering, ICCKE 2024

作者： Madinei, Hananeh Sadat Keyvanpour, Mohammad Reza Shojaedini, Seyed Vahab Data Mining Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Alzahra University Tehran Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Alzahra University Tehran Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331511272

— In recent years, time series prediction has become a highly interesting topic in various applied areas, including clinical time series analysis. Hospitals and other clinical healthcare systems collect Electronic Health Records. These records contain important information that needs to be mined. This information provides a solid basis for predicting hospital readmission, helping to improve healthcare, enhance patient outcomes, and optimize hospital resources. This study introduces a novel deep learning attention-based approach for predicting 30-day ICU readmissions using clinical time series information extracted from the MIMIC III dataset. This approach incorporates time-aware positional encoding into the attention mechanism to enhance predictive performance by capturing the temporal representation of data and considering the temporal order of clinical time series data. This model is compared with cutting-edge models. The significant enhancements in the model performance achieved by the proposed method highlight the effectiveness of incorporating time-aware positional encoding in capturing temporal dependencies and improving prediction outcomes. These results underscore the potential of advanced attention mechanisms in clinical time series analysis. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Essentia: Boosting Artifact Removal from EEG through Semantic Guidance Utilizing Diffusion Model

Essentia: Boosting Artifact Removal from EEG through Semanti...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Li, Haoran Zhang, Zhibo Li, Yuchen Gong, Xiaoli Zhang, Jin Lu, Tingjuan Zhou, Jin Sun, Zhe Cichocki, Andrzej College of Computer Science Nankai University Tianjin China 903rd Hospital of PLA Hangzhou China Tianjin Chest Hospital Tianjin China Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Health Data Science Juntendo University Japan Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Science Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a time-series signal containing semantic information that can be used to determine human brain activities. Artifacts within EEG data can interfere with the intrinsic distribution of this semantic information, so removing artifacts is crucial for improving EEG analysis performance on downstream tasks. In this paper, we redefine the efficacy of the artifact removal model by evaluating the performance of the noisy EEG data in downstream tasks before and after artifact removal. Currently, most artifact removal models fail to ensure semantic consistency, rendering them ineffective. To solve it, we propose an artifact removal model based on the 1-dimensional diffusion model utilizing the U-Net, referred to as Essentia. Moreover, we find that the skip-connection layer in U-Net contains mid-to-high-frequency information that interferes with the semantic representation. We introduce a semantic guidance module (SGM) that leverages contrastive learning to generate semantic distribution weights, boosting semantic representation. We evaluate Essentia on three datasets with six solutions. The accuracy of downstream tasks from the denoised EEG data increased by 4% compared with the DeepSeparetor. The code and models are available at https://***/NKUEmbeddedSystem/Essentia. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： contrastive learning diffusion model EEG artifact removal semantic consistency

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A Robust Framework for Epileptic Seizure Diagnosis: Utilizing GRU-CNN Architectures in EEG Signal Analysis 20

A Robust Framework for Epileptic Seizure Diagnosis: Utilizin...

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20th CSI International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing, AISP 2024

作者： Nikoupour, Maryam Keyvanpour, Mohammad Reza Shojaedini, Seyed Vahab Alzahra University Data Mining Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tehran Iran Alzahra University Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Tehran Iran Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383942

Seizures that take place repeatedly and without provocation are referred to as epilepsy. Epilepsy can be diagnosed with electroencephalography (EEG). One of the most influential challenges of the past few years has been the use of deep learning algorithms to replace manual inspection of medical signals by specialists, such as epilepsy signal classification. This paper presents a multi-label classification approach for epileptic seizures using deep learning. UCI machine learning repository's epileptic seizure dataset has been used to classify epileptic seizure patients. 178 features are present in each of the 11500 samples in the dataset. Based on a variety of criteria, the proposed method may have a positive impact on epilepsy diagnosis, in most cases by approximately 6% compared with existing methods utilizing long short-term memory (LSTM) and autoencoder. It is possible thus to develop and apply gated recurrent unit-based methods with good potential for categorizing EEG signals for epilepsy diagnosis based on gated recurrent unit (GRU)-CNN based methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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A Computational Approach to Measuring the Semantic Divergence of Cognates 20th

A Computational Approach to Measuring the Semantic Diverge...

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20th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, CICLing 2019

作者： Uban, Ana-Sabina Cristea [Ciobanu], Alina Dinu, Liviu P. Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania Human Language Technologies Research Center University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania Data Science Center University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9783031243394

Meaning is the foundation stone of intercultural communication. Languages are continuously changing, and words shift their meanings for various reasons. Semantic divergence in related languages is a key concern of historical linguistics. In this paper we investigate semantic divergence across languages by measuring the semantic similarity of cognate sets in multiple languages. The method that we propose is based on cross-lingual word embeddings. In this paper we implement and evaluate our method on English and five Romance languages, but it can be extended easily to any language pair, requiring only large monolingual corpora for the involved languages and a small bilingual dictionary for the pair. This language-agnostic method facilitates a quantitative analysis of cognates divergence – by computing degrees of semantic similarity between cognate pairs – and provides insights for identifying false friends. As a second contribution, we formulate a straightforward method for detecting false friends, and introduce the notion of "soft false friend" and "hard false friend", as well as a measure of the degree of "falseness" of a false friends pair. Additionally, we propose an algorithm that can output suggestions for correcting false friends, which could result in a very helpful tool for language learning or translation. © 2023, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Semantics

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A Conversational Brain-Artificial Intelligence Interface

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Meunier, Anja Žák, Michal Robert Munz, Lucas Garkot, Sofiya Eder, Manuel Xu, Jiachen Grosse-Wentrup, Moritz Research Group Neuroinformatics Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria Doctoral School Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria Vienna Cognitive Science Hub University of Vienna Vienna Austria Research Network Data Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria

We introduce Brain-Artificial Intelligence Interfaces (BAIs) as a new class of Brain-computer Interfaces (BCIs). Unlike conventional BCIs, which rely on intact cognitive capabilities, BAIs leverage the power of artificial intelligence to replace parts of the neuro-cognitive processing pipeline. BAIs allow users to accomplish complex tasks by providing high-level intentions, while a pre-trained AI agent determines low-level details. This approach enlarges the target audience of BCIs to individuals with cognitive impairments, a population often excluded from the benefits of conventional BCIs. We present the general concept of BAIs and illustrate the potential of this new approach with a Conversational BAI based on EEG. In particular, we show in an experiment with simulated phone conversations that the Conversational BAI enables complex communication without the need to generate language. Our work thus demonstrates, for the first time, the ability of a speech neuroprosthesis to enable fluent communication in realistic scenarios with non-invasive technologies. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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Posterior Consistency for Missing data in Variational Autoencoders

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sudak, Timur Tschiatschek, Sebastian University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Vienna Austria University of Vienna Research Network Data Science Vienna Austria

We consider the problem of learning Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), i.e., a type of deep generative model, from data with missing values. Such data is omnipresent in real-world applications of machine learning because complete data is often impossible or too costly to obtain. We particularly focus on improving a VAE’s amortized posterior inference, i.e., the encoder, which in the case of missing data can be susceptible to learning inconsistent posterior distributions regarding the missingness. To this end, we provide a formal definition of posterior consistency and propose an approach for regularizing an encoder’s posterior distribution which promotes this consistency. We observe that the proposed regularization suggests a different training objective than that typically considered in the literature when facing missing values. Furthermore, we empirically demonstrate that our regularization leads to improved performance in missing value settings in terms of reconstruction quality and downstream tasks utilizing uncertainty in the latent space. This improved performance can be observed for many classes of VAEs including VAEs equipped with normalizing flows. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Local and Global Feature-Aware Dual-Branch networks for Plant Disease Recognition

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植物表型组学（英文） 2024年第4期6卷 828-840页

作者： Jianwu Lin Xin Zhang Yongbin Qin Shengxian Yang Xingtian Wen Tomislav Cernava Quirico Migheli Xiaoyulong Chen Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton S017 1BJUK Dipartimento di Agraria and NRD-Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione Università degli Studi di SassariSassariItaly Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China College of Life Sciences Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Accurate identification of plant diseases is important for ensuring the safety of agricultural *** neural networks(CNNs)and visual transformers(VTs)can extract effective representations of images and have been widely used for the intelligent recognition of plant disease ***,CNNs have excellent local perception with poor global perception,and VTs have excellent global perception with poor local *** makes it difficult to further improve the performance of both CNNs and VTs on plant disease recognition *** this paper,we propose a local and global feature-aware dual-branch network,named LGNet,for the identification of plant *** specifically,we first design a dual-branch structure based on CNNs and VTs to extract the local and global ***,an adaptive feature fusion(AFF)module is designed to fuse the local and global features,thus driving the model to dynamically perceive the weights of different ***,we design a hierarchical mixed-scale unit-guided feature fusion(HMUFF)module to mine the key information in the features at different levels and fuse the differentiated information among them,thereby enhancing the model's multiscale perception ***,extensive experiments were conducted on the Al Challenger 2018 dataset and the self-collected corn disease(SCD)*** experimental results demonstrate that our proposed LGNet achieves state-of-the-art recognition performance on both the Al Challenger 2018 dataset and the SCD dataset,with accuracies of 88.74％and 99.08％,respectively.

关键词： global plant disease dual-branch feature-aware local networks recognition

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Cancer Prediction using Clinical and Genomic data Fusion: A Systematic Review 6

Cancer Prediction using Clinical and Genomic Data Fusion: A ...

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6th International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System, ICORIS 2024

作者： Julian, Kelvin Nugroho, Kuncahyo Setyo Nirwantono, Rudi Pardamean, Bens Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Biotechnology Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539603

This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the methods used to integrate genomic and clinical data in cancer prediction. The review includes 19 studies across various cancers, including breast, colorectal, melanoma, lung, pancreatic, and thyroid. The studies employed different methods to combine genomic and clinical data, including weighted polygenic risk scores, genetic and non-genetic risk scores, and different machine learning algorithms. The results show significant improvements in model prediction performance accuracy across multiple studies. The review highlights the potential benefits of integrating genetic and phenotypic information to improve disease risk prediction models and inform personalized healthcare strategies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Lung cancer

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LDVNet: Lightweight and Detail-Aware Vision network for Image Recognition Tasks in Resource-Constrained Environments 29

LDVNet: Lightweight and Detail-Aware Vision Network for Imag...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2023

作者： Liu, Yuchen Liang, Hu Qiu, Ran Zhao, Shengrong Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan China Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330717

In many underwater application scenarios, recognition tasks need to be executed promptly on computationally limited platforms. However, models designed for this field often exhibit spatial locality, and existing works lack the ability to capture crucial details in images. Therefore, a lightweight and detail-aware vision network (LDVNet) for resource-constrained environments is proposed to overcome the limitations of these approaches. Firstly, in order to enhance the accuracy of target image recognition, we introduce transformer modules to acquire global information, thus addressing the issue of spatial locality inherent in traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Secondly, to maintain the network's lightweight nature, we integrate the transformer module with convolutional operations, thereby mitigating the substantial parameter and floating point operations (FLOPs) overhead. Thirdly, for the efficient extraction of crucial fine-grained details from feature maps, we have devised a channel and spatial attention module (C&SA). This module aids in recognizing intricate and fine-grained visual tasks and enhances image understanding. It is seamlessly integrated into LDVNet with nearly negligible parameter overhead. The experimental results demonstrate that LDVNet outperforms other lightweight networks and hybrid networks in different recognition tasks, while being suitable for resource-constrained environments. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Detail-aware Image recognition Lightweight

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