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Separate Source Channel Coding Is Still What You Need:An LLM-Based Rethinking

ZTE Communications 2025年第1期23卷 30-44页

作者： REN Tianqi LI Rongpeng ZHAO Mingmin CHEN Xianfu LIU Guangyi YANG Yang ZHAO Zhifeng ZHANG Honggang College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Shenzhen CyberAray Network Technology Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China China Mobile Research Institute Beijing 100053China The Internet of Things Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511453China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China Faculty of Data Science City University of MacaoMacao 999078China

Along with the proliferating research interest in semantic communication(Sem Com),joint source channel coding(JSCC)has dominated the attention due to the widely assumed existence in efficiently delivering information ***,this paper challenges the conventional JSCC paradigm and advocates for adopting separate source channel coding(SSCC)to enjoy a more underlying degree of freedom for *** demonstrate that SSCC,after leveraging the strengths of the Large Language Model(LLM)for source coding and Error Correction Code Transformer(ECCT)complemented for channel coding,offers superior performance over *** proposed framework also effectively highlights the compatibility challenges between Sem Com approaches and digital communication systems,particularly concerning the resource costs associated with the transmission of high-precision floating point *** comprehensive evaluations,we establish that assisted by LLM-based compression and ECCT-enhanced error correction,SSCC remains a viable and effective solution for modern communication *** other words,separate source channel coding is still what we need.

关键词： separate source channel coding(SSCC) joint source channel coding(JSCC) end-to-end communication system Large Language Model(LLM) lossless text compression Error Correction Code Transformer(ECCT)

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Preventing Representational Rank Collapse in MPNNs by Splitting the Computational Graph

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Roth, Andreas Bause, Franka Kriege, Nils M. Liebig, Thomas Faculty of Computer Science TU Dortmund University Dortmund Germany Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria UniVie Doctoral School Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria Research Network Data Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Dortmund Germany

The ability of message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) to fit complex functions over graphs is limited as most graph convolutions amplify the same signal across all feature channels, a phenomenon known as rank collapse, and oversmoothing as a special case. Most approaches to mitigate over-smoothing extend common message-passing schemes, e.g., the graph convolutional network, by utilizing residual connections, gating mechanisms, normalization, or regularization techniques. Our work contrarily proposes to directly tackle the cause of this issue by modifying the message-passing scheme and exchanging different types of messages using multi-relational graphs. We identify a sufficient condition to ensure linearly independent node representations. As one instantion, we show that operating on multiple directed acyclic graphs always satisfies our condition and propose to obtain these by defining a strict partial ordering of the nodes. We conduct comprehensive experiments that confirm the benefits of operating on multi-relational graphs to achieve more informative node representations. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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Energy Theft Detection in Smart Grids with Genetic Algorithm-Based Feature Selection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5431-5446页

作者： Muhammad Umair Zafar Saeed Faisal Saeed Hiba Ishtiaq Muhammad Zubair Hala Abdel Hameed Faculty of Information Technology University of Central PunjabLahore54590Pakistan DAAI Research Group Department of Computing and Data ScienceSchool of Computing and Digital TechnologyBirmingham City UniversityBirmingham B47XGUK Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Fayoum University63514Egypt Khaybar Applied College Taibah UniversitySaudi Arabia

As big data,its technologies,and application continue to advance,the Smart Grid(SG)has become one of the most successful pervasive and fixed computing platforms that efficiently uses a data-driven approach and employs efficient information and communication technology(ICT)and cloud *** a result of the complicated architecture of cloud computing,the distinctive working of advanced metering infrastructures(AMI),and the use of sensitive data,it has become challenging tomake the SG *** of the SG are categorized into two main categories,Technical Losses(TLs)and Non-Technical Losses(NTLs).Hardware failure,communication issues,ohmic losses,and energy burnout during transmission and propagation of energy are ***’s are human-induced errors for malicious purposes such as attacking sensitive data and electricity theft,along with tampering with AMI for bill reduction by fraudulent *** research proposes a data-driven methodology based on principles of computational intelligence as well as big data analysis to identify fraudulent customers based on their load *** our proposed methodology,a hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Support Vector Machine(GA-SVM)model has been used to extract the relevant subset of feature data from a large and unsupervised public smart grid project dataset in London,UK,for theft detection.A subset of 26 out of 71 features is obtained with a classification accuracy of 96.6%,compared to studies conducted on small and limited datasets.

关键词： Big data data analysis feature engineering genetic algorithm machine learning

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An Analysis of Crosswalks from research data Schemas to ***

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data Intelligence 2023年第1期5卷 100-121页

作者： Mingfang Wu Stephen M.Richard Chantelle Verhey Leyla Jael Castro Baptiste Cecconi Nick Juty Australian Research Data Commons MelbourneVictoria 3145Australia US Geoscience Information Network Neward DE 19716-7501USA International Science Council World Data SystemVictoria BC V8N 1V8Canada ZB MED-Information Centre for Life Sciences Cologne 50931Germany Observatoire de Paris-PSL Paris Astronomical Data CenterParis 75001France Department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK

The increased number of data repositories has greatly increased the availability of open *** enable broad discovery and access to research dataset,some data repositories have begun leveraging the web architecture by embedding structured metadata markup in dataset web landing pages using vocabularies from *** and *** paper aims to examine metadata interoperability for supporting global data ***,the paper reports a survey on which metadata schema has been adopted by participating data repositories,and presents an analysis of crosswalks from fourteen research data schemas to *** analysis indicates most descriptive metadata are interoperable among the schemas,the most inconsistent mapping is the rights metadata,and a large gap exists in the structural metadata and controlled vocabularies to specify various property *** analysis and collated crosswalks can serve as a reference for data repositories when they develop crosswalks from their own schemas to ***,and provide the research data community a benchmark of structured metadata implementation.

关键词： metadata schema metadata interoperability FAIR(meta)data metadata schemas crosswalk research data schemas

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Multiclass boosting: simple and intuitive weak learning criteria 23

Multiclass boosting: simple and intuitive weak learning crit...

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Nataly Brukhim Amit Daniely Yishay Mansour Shay Moran Department of Computer Science Princeton University Department of Computer Science Hebrew University Google Research Department of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Google Research Faculty of Mathematics Faculty of Computer Science Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences Technion Google Research

We study a generalization of boosting to the multiclass setting. We introduce a weak learning condition for multiclass classification that captures the original notion of weak learnability as being "slightly better than random guessing". We give a simple and efficient boosting algorithm, that does not require realizability assumptions and its sample and oracle complexity bounds are independent of the number of *** addition, we utilize our new boosting technique in several theoretical applications within the context of List PAC Learning. First, we establish an equivalence to weak PAC learning. Furthermore, we present a new result on boosting for list learners, as well as provide a novel proof for the characterization of multiclass PAC learning and List PAC learning. Notably, our technique gives rise to a simplified analysis, and also implies an improved error bound for large list sizes, compared to previous results.

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SepLL: Separating Latent Class Labels from Weak Supervision Noise

SepLL: Separating Latent Class Labels from Weak Supervision ...

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2022 Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2022

作者： Stephan, Andreas Kougia, Vasiliki Roth, Benjamin Research Group Data Mining and Machine Learning Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria UniVie Doctoral School Computer Science Vienna Austria Faculty of Philological and Cultural Studies University of Vienna Vienna Austria

In the weakly supervised learning paradigm, labeling functions automatically assign heuristic, often noisy, labels to data samples. In this work, we provide a method for learning from weak labels by separating two types of complementary information associated with the labeling functions: information related to the target label and information specific to one labeling function only. Both types of information are reflected to different degrees by all labeled instances. In contrast to previous works that aimed at correcting or removing wrongly labeled instances, we learn a branched deep model that uses all data as-is, but splits the labeling function information in the latent space. Specifically, we propose the end-to-end model SepLL which extends a transformer classifier by introducing a latent space for labeling function specific and task-specific information. The learning signal is only given by the labeling functions matches, no pre-processing or label model is required for our method. Notably, the task prediction is made from the latent layer without any direct task signal. Experiments on Wrench text classification tasks show that our model is competitive with the state-of-the-art, and yields a new best average performance. © 2022 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Improved Exact and Heuristic Algorithms for Maximum Weight Clique

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Erhardt, Roman Hanauer, Kathrin Kriege, Nils Schulz, Christian Strash, Darren Heidelberg University Germany University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Vienna Austria University of Vienna Research Network Data Science Vienna Austria Department of Computer Science Hamilton College United States

We propose improved exact and heuristic algorithms for solving the maximum weight clique problem, a well-known problem in graph theory with many applications. Our algorithms interleave successful techniques from related work with novel data reduction rules that use local graph structure to identify and remove vertices and edges while retaining the optimal solution. We evaluate our algorithms on a range of synthetic and real-world graphs, and find that they outperform the current state of the art on most inputs. Our data reductions always produce smaller reduced graphs than existing data reductions alone. As a result, our exact algorithm, MWCRedu, finds solutions orders of magnitude faster on naturally weighted, medium-sized map labeling graphs and random hyperbolic graphs. Our heuristic algorithm, MWCPeel, outperforms its competitors on these instances, but is slightly less effective on extremely dense or large instances. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： data reduction

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Deep Convolutional Neural network Approach for COVID-19 Detection

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computer Systems science & Engineering 2022年第7期42卷 201-211页

作者： Yu Xue Bernard-Marie Onzo Romany F.Mansour Shoubao Su School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceNew Valley UniversityEl-Kharja72511Egypt Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Science and Smart Software Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing211169China

Coronavirus disease 2019(Covid-19)is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by a newly discovered strain of the *** by the end of 2020,Covid-19 is still not fully understood,but like other similar viruses,the main mode of transmission or spread is believed to be through droplets from coughs and sneezes of infected *** accurate detection of Covid-19 cases poses some questions to scientists and *** two main kinds of tests available for Covid-19 are viral tests,which tells you whether you are currently infected and antibody test,which tells if you had been infected ***-tine Covid-19 test can take up to 2 days to complete;in reducing chances of false negative results,serial testing is *** image processing by means of using Chest X-ray images and Computed Tomography(CT)can help radiologists detect the *** imaging approach can detect certain characteristic changes in the lung associated with *** this paper,a deep learning model or tech-nique based on the Convolutional Neural network is proposed to improve the accuracy and precisely detect Covid-19 from Chest Xray scans by identifying structural abnormalities in scans or X-ray *** entire model proposed is categorized into three stages:dataset,data pre-processing andﬁnal stage being training and classiﬁcation.

关键词： COVID-19 deep learning convolutional neural network X-ray

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Transformative effects of ChatGPT on modern education: Emerging Era of AI Chatbots

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Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems 2024年第1期4卷 19-23页

作者： Gill, Sukhpal Singh Xu, Minxian Patros, Panos Wu, Huaming Kaur, Rupinder Kaur, Kamalpreet Fuller, Stephanie Singh, Manmeet Arora, Priyansh Parlikad, Ajith Kumar Stankovski, Vlado Abraham, Ajith Ghosh, Soumya K. Lutfiyya, Hanan Kanhere, Salil S. Bahsoon, Rami Rana, Omer Dustdar, Schahram Sakellariou, Rizos Uhlig, Steve Buyya, Rajkumar School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Raygun Performance Monitoring Wellington New Zealand Center for Applied Mathematics Tianjin University Tianjin China Department of Science Kings Education London United Kingdom Cymax Group Technologies BC Canada QM Academy Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Centre for Climate Change Research Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune India Microsoft Hyderabad India Institute for Manufacturing Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Faculty of Computer and Information Science University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Machine Intelligence Research Labs AuburnWA United States Faculty of Computing and Data Science FLAME University Maharashtra Pune India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Department of Computer Science University of Western Ontario London Canada Sydney Australia School of Computer Science University of Birmingham United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom Distributed Systems Group Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Department of Computer Science University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester United Kingdom Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia

ChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot, offers coherent and useful replies based on analysis of large volumes of data. In this article, leading academics, scientists, distinguish researchers and engineers discuss the transformative effects of ChatGPT on modern education. This research discusses ChatGPT capabilities and its use in the education sector, identifies potential concerns and challenges. Our preliminary evaluation shows that ChatGPT perform differently in different subject areas including finance, coding, maths, and general public queries. While ChatGPT has the ability to help educators by creating instructional content, offering suggestions and acting as an online educator to learners by answering questions, transforming education through smartphones and IoT gadgets, and promoting group work, there are clear drawbacks in its use, such as the possibility of producing inaccurate or false data and circumventing duplicate content (plagiarism) detectors where originality is essential. The often reported "hallucinations" within GenerativeAI in general, and also relevant for ChatGPT, can render its use of limited benefit where accuracy is essential. What ChatGPT lacks is a stochastic measure to help provide sincere and sensitive communication with its users. Academic regulations and evaluation practices used in educational institutions need to be updated, should ChatGPT be used as a tool in education. To address the transformative effects of ChatGPT on the learning environment, educating teachers and students alike about its capabilities and limitations will be crucial. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Machine learning

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"Two Means to an End Goal": Connecting Explainability and Contestability in the Regulation of Public Sector AI

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Schmude, Timothée Yurrita, Mireia Alfrink, Kars Goff, Thomas L.E. Viard, Tiphaine University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Research Network Data Science Doctoral School Computer Science Austria Delft University of Technology Department of Sustainable Design Engineering Netherlands i3 Télécom Paris Institut Polytechnique de Paris France

Explainability and its emerging counterpart contestability have become important normative and design principles for the trustworthy use of AI as they enable users and subjects to understand and challenge AI decisions. However, the regulation of AI systems spans technical, legal, and organizational dimensions, producing a multiplicity in meaning that complicates the implementation of explainability and contestability due to the difficulty of defining them. Resolving this conceptual ambiguity requires specifying and comparing the meaning of both principles across regulation dimensions, disciplines, and actors. This process, here defined as translation, is essential to provide guidance on the principles’ realization. To this end, we present the findings of a semi-structured interview study with 14 interdisciplinary AI regulation experts. We report on the experts’ understanding of the intersection between explainability and contestability in public AI regulation, their advice for a decision subject and a public agency in a welfare allocation AI use case, and their perspectives on the connections and gaps within the research landscape. We provide differentiations between descriptive and normative explainability, judicial and non-judicial channels of contestation, and individual and collective contestation action. We further outline three main translation processes pertaining to the alignment of top-down and bottom-up regulation, the assignment of responsibility for interpreting regulations, and the establishment of interdisciplinary collaboration. Our contributions include an empirically grounded conceptualization of the intersection between explainability and contestability and recommendations on implementing these principles in public institutions. We believe our contributions can inform policy-making and regulation of these core principles and enable more effective and equitable design, development, and deployment of trustworthy public AI systems. Copyright © 2025, T

关键词： Energy policy

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