检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Optimizing Subgroups Formation for E-MBMS Transmissions in LTE Networks

IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2017年第1期190卷

作者： M Algharem M H Omar D Stiawan R Budiarto InterNetWorks Research Group School of Computing College of Arts and Sciences Universiti Utara Malaysia Malaysia Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Computer Science University Sriwijaya Palembang Indonesia Dept. of Computer Information System College of Computer Science and Information Technology Albaha University Albaha P.O Box 1988 Saudi Arabia

Long Term Evolution (LTE) network provides a high throughput with low latency which make it suitable for multicast and broadcast services. In Conventional Multicast Scheme (CMS), data is transmitted according to the user with worst channel condition which results in wasting network resources. To overcome the drawback of CMS, a new subgrouping mechanism is proposed to split the multicast group into several subgroups based on users channel quality. The performance of the proposed mechanism has been evaluated using LTE simulator. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism increase the multicast performance compared to CMS in term of goodput and spectrum efficiency, while maintain fairness index of users in an acceptable level.

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Fuzzy logic controller design for intelligent air-conditioning system

Fuzzy logic controller design for intelligent air-conditioni...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Control science and systems engineering (CCSSE)

作者： Nizam Uddin Ahamed Zahari Bin Taha Ismail Bin Mohd Khairuddin M.F. Rabbi S.A.M. Matiur Rahaman Kenneth Sundaraj Mechatronic and System Design Lab Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pekan Pahang Malaysia Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pekan Pahang Malaysia College of Computer Science and Information System Najran University Saudi Arabia AI-Rehab Research Group Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467398732

In efficient air cooling systems may cause of wasting energy in a great amount specially in the urban area. Being the most popular cooling system, air-conditioners have been used in domestic usage as well as in industrial applications. However, the unintelligent nature of such cooling system gives rise to excess energy consumption which causes a huge problem in the current energy hungry world. In this paper, we present design of a fuzzy logic controller for the intelligent air-conditioning system. The performance of the controller is also simulated. The proposed controller has the adaptive nature to control fan and compressor speed which leads to reducing power consumption. Also, the system controls the operation mode to retain the healthy oxygen level and humid condition of the indoor environment.

关键词： Humidity Fuzzy logic Fans Energy consumption Power demand

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Efficient mining of class association rules with the itemset constraint

Efficient mining of class association rules with the itemset...

引用

作者： Nguyen, Dang Nguyen, Loan T.T. Vo, Bay Pedrycz, Witold Division of Data Science Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Division of Knowledge and System Engineering for ICT Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Information Technology Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Information Technology Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Viet Nam College of Electronics and Information Engineering Sejong University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6R 2V4 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland

Mining class association rules (CARs) with the itemset constraint is concerned with the discovery of rules, which contain a set of specific items in the rule antecedent and a class label in the rule consequent. This task is commonly encountered in mining medical data. For example, when classifying which section of the population is at high risk for the HIV infection, epidemiologists often concentrate on rules which include demographic information such as gender, age, and marital status in the rule antecedent, and HIV-Positive in the rule consequent. There are two naive strategies to solve this problem, namely pre-processing and post-processing. The post-processing methods have to generate and consider a huge number of candidate CARs while the performance of the pre-processing methods depend on the number of records filtered out. Therefore, such approaches are time consuming. This study proposes an efficient method for mining CARs with the itemset constraint based on a lattice structure and the difference between two sets of object identifiers (diffset). Firstly, a lattice structure is built to store all frequent itemsets in the dataset. To reduce memory usage, instead of the entire set of object identifiers, the diffset is used. Secondly, the lattice is traversed to generate only rules which satisfy the itemset constraint. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing methods in terms of both the mining time and memory usage. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data mining

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Streaming pulse data to the cloud with bluetooth LE or NODEMCU ESP8266

Streaming pulse data to the cloud with bluetooth LE or NODEM...

引用

Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)

作者： Andrej Škraba Andrej Koložvari Davorin Kofjač Radovan Stojanović Vladimir Stanovov Eugene Semenkin Faculty of Organizational Sciences Cybernetics & Decision Support System Laboratory Kranj Slovenia Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Montenegro Podgorica Montenegro Siberian State Aerospace University Computer Science and Telecommunications Institute Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation

The paper describes the development of the three prototypes which enable monitoring of heart pulse sensor data on the cloud. The prototypes are based on a) Bluetooth module, b) Low Energy Bluetooth module and c) ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. The client side implementation is developed by the application of JavaScript. *** was used on the server side with application of node-serialport library with Bluetooth modules. In the case where ESP8266 Wi-Fi module was used, the data was transmitted directly to the cloud. The three different prototypes were compared according to the power consumption and complexity of design. The code example is provided illustrating the approach to develop cloud based graphing interface for biomedical mobile monitoring.

关键词： Bluetooth Cloud computing Servers Hardware Monitoring Browsers Real-time systems

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Inline Monitoring of Epoxy Molding Compound in Transfer Molding Process for Smart Power Modules

Inline Monitoring of Epoxy Molding Compound in Transfer Mold...

引用

IEEE Electronic Components and Technology Conference

作者： Burcu Kaya Jan-Martin Kaiser Karl-Friedrich Becker Tanja Braun Klaus-Dieter Lang Cooperate Sector Research and Advance Engineering Robert Bosch GmbH Renningen Germany System Integration and Interconnection Technologies Fraunhofer IZM Berlin Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technical University of Berlin Berlin Germany

The quality of smart power modules strongly depends on the material characteristics of epoxy molding compound (EMC) and transfer molding process parameters. In order to predict the quality and to diminish the failure mechanisms, inline monitoring techniques in transfer molding process are essential. This work examines the inline identification of the variations in the EMC characteristics in the transfer molding process. Dielectric Analysis (DEA) is chosen as an inline technique and the influence of prolonged storage duration, moisture content and batch-to-batch variation on the characteristics of EMC are studied. In addition, the impact of molding temperature on the cure behavior of the EMC is in-situ examined. DEA results are verified and compared with the rheological and calorimetric analysis and good correlation is established.

关键词： Component Epoxy molding compounds Transfer molding process Dielectric analysis Smart power modules

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

引用

The Lancet Planetary Health 2022年第7期6卷 e586-e600页

作者： Burkart, Katrin Causey, Kate Cohen, Aaron J Wozniak, Sarah S Salvi, Devashri Digvijay Abbafati, Cristiana Adekanmbi, Victor Adsuar, Jose C Ahmadi, Keivan Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alipour, Vahid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amegah, Adeladza Kofi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Ansari, Fereshteh Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Aripov, Timur Babaee, Ebrahim Banach, MacIej Barnett, Anthony Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Bedi, Neeraj Behzadifar, Masoud Béjot, Yannick Bennett, Derrick A Bensenor, Isabela M Bernstein, Robert S Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Biondi, Antonio Bohlouli, Somayeh Breitner, Susanne Brenner, Hermann Butt, Zahid A Cámera, Luis Alberto Cantu-Brito, Carlos Carvalho, Felix Cerin, Ester Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chauhan, Bal Govind Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine Chu, Dinh-Toi Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daryani, Ahmad Davletov, Kairat De Courten, Barbora Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dhimal, Meghnath Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Duncan, Bruce B El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Eskandarieh, Sharareh Fareed, Mohammad Farzadfar, Farshad Fattahi, Nazir Fazlzadeh, Mehdi Fernandes, Eduarda Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A Freitas, Marisa Ghashghaee, Ahmad Gill, Paramjit Singh Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed Gopalani, Sameer Vali Guo, Yuming Gupta, Rajat Das Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Hamadeh, Randah R Hamidi, Samer Hankey, Graeme J Hasanpoor, Edris Hassen, Hamid Yimam Hay, Simon I Heibati, Behzad Hole, Michael K Hossain, Naznin Househ, Mowafa Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Jaafari, Jalil Jakovljevic, Mihajlo Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy Kasaeian, Amir Kaydi, Neda Khader, Yousef Saleh Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khatab, Khaled Khater, Amir M Kim, Yun Jin Kimokoti, Ruth W Kisa, Adnan Kivimäki, Mika Knibbs, Luke D Kosen, Soewarta Koul, Parvaiz A Koyanagi, Ai Defo, Barthelemy Kuate Kugbey, Nuworza Lauriola, Paolo Lee, Paul H Leili, Mostafa Lewycka, Sonia Li, Shanshan Lim, Lee-Ling Li Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA United States Research Insights and Innovation Seattle WA United States Health Effects Institute Boston MA United States School of Public Health Boston University Boston MA United States Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Population Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom Sport Science Department University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain School of Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) St Louis MO United States Health Management and Economics Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Community and Family Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast) Barranquilla Colombia Research Group in Health Economics University of Cartagena Cartagena Colombia Department of Biomedical Science University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Cardiology Department Ca

Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution. Methods: We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure–response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regression—Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. The estimated curve was linked to ambient and household PM_2·5 exposures from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019, and estimates of the attributable burden (population attributable fractions and rates per 100 000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years) for 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were calculated. We also assessed the role of changes in exposure, population size, age, and type 2 diabetes incidence in the observed trend in PM_2·5-attributable type 2 diabetes burden. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes was attributable to PM_2·5 exposure, with an estimated 3·78 (95% uncertainty interval 2·68–4·83) deaths per 100 000 population and 167 (117–223) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. Approximately 13·4% (9·49–17·5) of deaths and 13·6% (9·73–17·9) of DALYs due to type 2 diabetes were contributed by ambient PM2·5, and 6·50% (4·22–9·53) of deaths and 5·92% (3·81–8·64) of DALYs by household air pollution. High burdens, in terms of numbers as well as rates, were estimated in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South Am

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Design and testing tool for a safe monitoring system for neurodegenerative disorder patients

Design and testing tool for a safe monitoring system for neu...

引用

International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for engineering Applications, ACTEA

作者： Nashaat El Halabi Roger Achkar Roy Abi Zeid Daou Ali Hayek Josef Börcsök Department of Computer and Communications Engineering American University of Science and Technology Beirut Lebanon Department of Biomedical Technologies Faculty of Public Health Lebanese German University Sahel Alma Lebanon Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany

This paper aims to develop a sensor based monitoring and analyzing system for Neuro-Degenerative Disorder patients (NDD); this may consist on SpO2 sensor, Electrophysiological sensors, NIBP, Motion Capture sensors and Eye Monitoring sensor, taking into consideration an acceptable cost for the whole system. Recorded data will be sent to an embedded decision making unit where detection, analysis, classification, prediction and action control will occur. The sensors and the decision making unit will be implemented in a comfortable jacket that doesn't affect the patients' movements and that can be used by several patients with reduced sensor placement alterations. The decision that can be made is creating a stimulus to avoid falling in case of sudden stop while moving, initiating an alarm, sending a notification to a mobile phone application, and/or telemedicine monitoring features. Artificial Neural Networks will be used to classify and predict the abnormal cases where action should be taken, and since the sensors will be continuously recording, it is possible to achieve continuous learning for the ANN as a first phase. Initial models will be defined by testing normal behaviors and some known abnormal behaviors or symptoms related to the electrical activity and other characteristics of the heart, oxygen saturation level, eye activity and body motion.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Parkinson's disease Monitoring Artificial neural networks Decision making Biomedical monitoring

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Using conservative estimation for conditional probability instead of ignoring infrequent case

Using conservative estimation for conditional probability in...

引用

International Conference of Advanced Informatics: Concept, Theory and Application (ICAICTA)

作者： Masato Kikuchi Eiko Yamamoto Mitsuo Yoshida Masayuki Okabe Kyoji Umemura Department of Computer Science and Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Japan Department of Economics and Information Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University Gifu Japan Faculty of Management and Information System Prefectural University of Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781509016372

There are several estimators of conditional probability from observed frequencies of features. In this paper, we propose using the lower limit of confidence interval on posterior distribution determined by the observed frequencies to ascertain conditional probability. In our experiments, this method outperformed other popular estimators.

关键词： Maximum likelihood estimation Urban areas Frequency estimation Smoothing methods Mutual information Probability

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Novel 3-dimensional virtual hepatectomy simulation combined with real-time deformation

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第34期21卷 9982-9992页

作者： Yukio Oshiro Hiroaki Yano Jun Mitani Sangtae Kim Jaejeong Kim Kiyoshi Fukunaga Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Department of Surgery Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ TransplantationFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba Department of Computer Science Graduate School of System Information EngineeringUniversity of Tsukuba School of Informatics College of Media Arts Science and TechnologyFaculty of Library Information and Media ScienceUniversity of Tsukuba

AIM:To develop a novel 3-dimensional(3D) virtual hepatectomy simulation software,Liversim,to visualize the real-time deformation of the ***:We developed a novel real-time virtual hepatectomy simulation software program called Liversim. The software provides 4 basic functions:viewing 3D models from arbitrary directions,changing the colors and opacities of the models,deforming the models based on user interaction,and incising the liver parenchyma and intrahepatic vessels based on user operations. From April 2010 through 2013,99 patients underwent virtual hepatectomies that used the conventional software program SYNAPSE VINCENT preoperatively. Between April 2012 and October 2013,11 patients received virtual hepatectomies using the novel software program Liversim; these hepatectomies were performed both preoperatively and at the same that the actual hepatectomy was performed in an operating room. The perioperative outcomes were analyzed between the patients for whom SYNAPSE VINCENT was used and those for whom Liversim wasused. Furthermore,medical students and surgical residents were asked to complete questionnaires regarding the new ***:There were no obvious discrepancies(i.e.,the emergence of branches in the portal vein or hepatic vein or the depth and direction of the resection line) between our simulation and the actual surgery during the resection process. The median operating time was 304 min(range,110 to 846) in the VINCENT group and 397 min(range,232 to 497) in the Liversim group(P = 0.30). The median amount of intraoperative bleeding was 510 m L(range,18 to 5120) in the VINCENT group and 470 m L(range,130 to 1600) in the Liversim group(P = 0.44). The median postoperative stay was 12 d(range,6 to 100) in the VINCENT group and 13 d(range,9 to 21) in the Liversim group(P = 0.36). There were no significant differences in the preoperative outcomes between the two groups. Liversim was not found to be clinically inferior to SYNAPSE VINCENT. Both

关键词： Liver Surgery Simulation Virtual hepatectomy Real-

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

引用

The Lancet 2020年第10258期396卷 1204-1222页

作者： Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Kaja M. Abbasi, Mohammad Abbasifard, Mitra Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbastabar, Hedayat Abd-Allah, Foad Abdelalim, Ahmed Abdollahi, Mohammad Abdollahpour, Ibrahim Abedi, Aidin Abedi, Parisa Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Aboyans, Victor Abrams, Elissa M. Abreu, Lucas Guimarães Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid Abualhasan, Ahmed Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Abushouk, Abdelrahman I. Acebedo, Alyssa Ackerman, Ilana N. Adabi, Maryam Adair, Tim Adamu, Abdu A. Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi Adekanmbi, Victor Adelson, Jaimie D. Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adham, Davoud Advani, Shailesh M. Afarideh, Mohsen Afshari, Mahdi Afshin, Ashkan Agardh, Emilie E. Agarwal, Gina Agasthi, Pradyumna Agesa, Kareha M. Aghaali, Mohammad Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Agrawal, Anurag Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmadi, Alireza Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Mehdi Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Aji, Budi Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Akinyemiju, Tomi Akombi, Blessing Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Samiah Alam, Tahiya Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Albertson, Samuel B. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alema, Niguse Meles Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta Alhabib, Khalid F. Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Muhammad Ali, Saqib Alicandro, Gianfranco Alijanzadeh, Mehran Alinia, Cyrus Alipour, Vahid Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alla, François Allebeck, Peter Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almasi, Ali Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Almasri, Nihad A. Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Almulhim, Abdulaziz M. Alonso, Jordi Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alumran, Arwa Khalid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Amare, Bekalu Amini, Saeed Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Aminorroaya, Arya Amiri, Fatemeh Amit, Arianna Maever L. Amugsi, Dickson A. Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera Anbesu, Etsay Woldu Ancuceanu, Robert Anderl Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Social Determinants of Health Research Center Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Cairo University Cairo Egypt School of Pharmacy Tehran Iran The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Tehran Iran Neuroscience Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran Biostatistics Department Near East University Nicosia Cyprus Biostatistics and Health Informatics Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Department of Cardiology Dupuytren University Hospital Limoges France University of Limoges Limoges France Department of Pediatric Dentistry Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Research Philippine Institute for Development Studies Quezon City Philippines Department of Healthcare Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran School of Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom School of Laboratory Medicine and Science University College Hospital Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa School of Health Ardabil University of Medical Science Ardabil Iran Social Behavioral Research Branch National Institute of Health Bethesda MD United States Department of Oncology Georgetown University Washington DC DC United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Seattle WA

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw value

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：