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27th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation systems, ITSC 2024

作者： Teufel, Sven Gamerdinger, Jorg Volk, Georg Bringmann, Oliver University of Tübingen Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science Embedded Systems Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505929

The safe operation of automated vehicles depends on their ability to perceive the environment comprehensively. However, occlusion, sensor range, and environmental factors limit their perception capabilities. To overcome these limitations, collective perception enables vehicles to exchange information. However, fusing this exchanged information is a challenging task. Early fusion approaches require large amounts of bandwidth, while intermediate fusion approaches face interchangeability issues. Late fusion of shared detections is currently the only feasible approach. However, it often results in inferior performance due to information loss. To address this issue, we propose MR3D-Net, a dynamic multi-resolution 3D sparse voxel grid fusion backbone architecture for LiDAR-based collective perception. We show that sparse voxel grids at varying resolutions provide a meaningful and compact environment representation that can adapt to the communication bandwidth. MR3D-Net achieves state-of-the-art performance on the OPV2V 3D object detection benchmark while reducing the required bandwidth by up to 94 % compared to early fusion. Code is available at https://***/ekut-esIMR3D-Net © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle-to-grid

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MESSI: Task Mapping and Scheduling Strategy for FPGA-based Heterogeneous Real-Time systems

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ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic systems 2025年第3期30卷 1-29页

作者： Ahmadi-Pour, Sallar Saha, Sangeet Mcdonald-Maier, Klaus Drechsler, Rolf Institute of Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty 3 Mathematics and Computer Science Bremen Bremen Germany Robotics and Embedded Systems Research Group University of Essex School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Colchester United Kingdom Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI Rheinland-Pfalz Kaiserslautern Germany

Continuous demands for improved performance within constrained resource budgets are driving a move from homogeneous to heterogeneous processing platforms for the implementation of today's Real-Time (RT) embedded systems. The applications executing on such systems are typically represented as a Precedence Task Graph (PTG), where a node represents a task or algorithm for one functionality and edges represent the complex interactions between multiple functionalities. Due to RT constraints, the task graph needs to be executed within a specified deadline. Although some existing studies have looked into solving this challenge, comprehensive studies that combine the theoretical features of RT task-graph mapping and scheduling with practical runtime architectural characteristics have mostly been ignored to date. Hence, in this article, we consider the challenge of scheduling an RT application modeled as a single PTG, with the objective of minimizing the overall execution time under Hardware (HW) resource and deadline constraints for heterogeneous Central Processing Unit (CPU) + Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) architectures. First, we introduce an optimal solution using Integer Linear Programming (ILP). However, this ILP-based optimal solution suffers from computational complexity and does not scale well even for moderately large problem sizes. Hence, we additionally propose heuristic algorithms for task mapping and scheduling. The efficiency of the proposed scheme, named MESSI, has been evaluated through experiments using PTG on a practical CPU+FPGA system regarding current technology restrictions. Our experiments demonstrate that performance gains of 55.6% and area usage reductions of 46.3% are possible compared to full Software (SW) and HW execution, respectively. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Integer programming

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Arrhythmia Detection by Using Chaos Theory with Machine Learning Algorithms

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3855-3875页

作者： Maie Aboghazalah Passent El-kafrawy Abdelmoty M.Ahmed Rasha Elnemr Belgacem Bouallegue Ayman El-sayed Math and Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceMenoufia UniversityShebin El-komEgypt College of Engineering Computer Science DepartmentEffat UniversityJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityShebin El-komEgypt Climate Change Information Center and Expert Systems Agriculture Research CenterGizaEgypt

Heart monitoring improves life ***(ECGs or EKGs)detect heart *** learning algorithms can create a few ECG diagnosis processing *** first method uses raw ECG and time-series *** second method classifies the ECG by patient *** third technique translates ECG impulses into Q waves,R waves and S waves(QRS)features using richer *** ECG signals vary naturally between humans and activities,we will combine the three feature selection methods to improve classification accuracy and *** using all three approaches have not been examined till *** researchers found that Machine Learning(ML)techniques can improve ECG *** study will compare popular machine learning techniques to evaluate ECG *** algorithms—Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Tree,Naive Bayes,and Neural Network—compare categorization *** plus prior knowledge has the highest accuracy(99%)of the four ML *** characteristics failed to identify signals without chaos *** 99.8%classification accuracy,the Decision Tree technique outperformed all previous experiments.

关键词： ECG extraction ECG leads time series prior knowledge and arrhythmia chaos theory QRS complex analysis machine learning ECG classification

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Deepfake detection using convolutional vision transformers and convolutional neural networks

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第31期36卷 19759-19775页

作者： Soudy, Ahmed Hatem Sayed, Omnia Tag-Elser, Hala Ragab, Rewaa Mohsen, Sohaila Mostafa, Tarek Abohany, Amr A. Slim, Salwa O. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Helwan University Cairo Egypt Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computers and Information Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh Egypt

Deepfake technology has rapidly advanced in recent years, creating highly realistic fake videos that can be difficult to distinguish from real ones. The rise of social media platforms and online forums has exacerbated the challenges of detecting misinformation and malicious content. This study leverages many papers on artificial intelligence techniques to address deepfake detection. This research proposes a deep learning (DL)-based method for detecting deepfakes. The system comprises three components: preprocessing, detection, and prediction. Preprocessing includes frame extraction, face detection, alignment, and feature cropping. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are employed in the eye and nose feature detection phase. A CNN combined with a vision transformer is also used for face detection. The prediction component employs a majority voting approach, merging results from the three models applied to different features, leading to three individual predictions. The model is trained on various face images using FaceForensics++ and DFDC datasets. Multiple performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, F1, and recall, are used to assess the proposed model’s performance. The experimental results indicate the potential and strengths of the proposed CNN that achieved enhanced performance with an accuracy of 97%, while the CViT-based model achieved 85% using the FaceForences++ dataset and demonstrated significant improvements in deepfake detection compared to recent studies, affirming the potential of the suggested framework for detecting deepfakes on social media. This study contributes to a broader understanding of CNN-based DL methods for deepfake detection. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Face recognition

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LSM: A Comprehensive Metric for Assessing the Safety of Lane Detection systems in Autonomous Driving 100

LSM: A Comprehensive Metric for Assessing the Safety of Lane...

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100th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2024-Fall

作者： Gamerdinger, Jorg Teufel, Sven Amann, Stephan Volk, Georg Bringmann, Oliver University of Tübingen Faculty of Science Embedded Systems Group Department of Computer Science Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517786

Comprehensive perception of the vehicle's environment and correct interpretation of the environment are crucial for the safe operation of autonomous vehicles. The perception of surrounding objects is the main component for further tasks such as trajectory planning. However, safe trajectory planning requires not only object detection, but also the detection of drivable areas and lane corridors. While first approaches consider an advanced safety evaluation of object detection, the evaluation of lane detection still lacks sufficient safety metrics. For assessing safety, additional factors such as the semantics of the scene with road type and road width, the detection range as well as the potential causes of missing detections, incorporated by vehicle speed, should be considered for the evaluation of lane detection. Therefore, we propose the Lane Safety Metric (LSM), which takes these factors into account in order to evaluate the safety of lane detection systems by determining an easily interpretable safety score. We evaluate our offline safety metric on various virtual scenarios using different lane detection approaches and compare it with state-of-the-art performance metrics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle safety

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Hybrid Feature Selection Method for Predicting Alzheimer’s Disease Using Gene Expression Data

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5559-5572页

作者： Aliaa El-Gawady BenBella S.Tawfik Mohamed A.Makhlouf Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computers and InformaticsSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia41522Egypt Faculty of Computer Science Nahda UniversityBeni SuefEgypt

Gene expression(GE)classification is a research trend as it has been used to diagnose and prognosis many *** machine learning(ML)in the prediction of many diseases based on GE data has been a flourishing research ***,some diseases,like Alzheimer’s disease(AD),have not received considerable attention,probably owing to data scarcity *** this work,we shed light on the prediction of AD from GE data accurately using *** approach consists of four phases:preprocessing,gene selection(GS),classification,and performance *** the preprocessing phase,gene columns are preprocessed *** the GS phase,a hybrid filtering method and embedded method are *** the classification phase,three ML models are implemented using the bare minimum of the chosen genes obtained from the previous *** final phase is to validate the performance of these classifiers using different *** crux of this article is to select the most informative genes from the hybrid method,and the best ML technique to predict AD using this minimal set of *** different datasets are used to achieve our *** predict AD with impressive values forMultiLayer Perceptron(MLP)classifier which has the best performance metrics in four datasets,and the Support Vector Machine(SVM)achieves the highest performance values in only one *** assessed the classifiers using sevenmetrics;and received impressive results,allowing for a credible performance *** metrics values we obtain in our study lie in the range[.97,.99]for the accuracy(Acc),[.97,.99]for F1-score,[.94,.98]for kappa index,[.97,.99]for area under curve(AUC),[.95,1]for precision,[.98,.99]for sensitivity(recall),and[.98,1]for *** these results,the proposed approach outperforms recent interesting *** these results,the proposed approach outperforms recent interesting results.

关键词： Gene expression gene selection machine learning classification Alzheimer’s disease

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Development and Research of Models for Optimization Information Flow in Interactive Analysis Big Data in Geographic Information systems

Development and Research of Models for Optimization Informat...

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International Conference on Emerging Trends and Applications in Artificial Intelligence, ICETAI 2023

作者： Alrammahi, Ali Abdulkarem Habib Sari, Farah Abbas Obaid Hilal, Bushra Kamil Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Kufa Najaf Iraq Department of Computer Information Systems Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Qadisiya Qadisiya Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9783031567278

A large number of areas of application of geographic information systems (GIS) involves the continuous accumulation data. The need to record the state of an observed object or phenomenon generates an intense flow of heterogeneous data over long-time intervals. The period of storage of the received information in many cases is not limited and is limited solely technical capabilities of archiving information. For this reason, GIS databases correspond to modern ideas about big data (big data), since they have a significant volume that is constantly growing, are heterogeneous in presentation formats, and have a value determined by a reliable display of objects, phenomena and events of the real world. A new model of representation of the analysis workspace by two informational components, skeleton and environment, is proposed. The skeleton is formed by deterministic queries to the GIS database, the environment is built by intelligent procedures as a shell of the skeleton. The difference of the proposed concept is the use of a utility function, the parameters of which are the complexity of the skeleton and the environment. The application of the proposed concept allows optimizing the quality of decision-making by maximizing the utility function of the workspace. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Geographic information systems

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An Optimal DPM Based Energy-Aware Task Scheduling for Performance Enhancement in Embedded MPSoC

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 2097-2113页

作者： Hamayun Khan Irfan Ud Din Arshad Ali Mohammad Husain Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering&Technology Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science&IT Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahAl Madinah Al Munawarah42351Saudi Arabia

Minimizing the energy consumption to increase the life span and performance of multiprocessor system on chip(MPSoC)has become an integral chip design issue for multiprocessor *** performance measurement of computational systems is changing with the advancement in *** to shrinking and smaller chip size power densities onchip are increasing rapidly that increasing chip temperature in multi-core embedded *** operating speed of the device decreases when power consumption reaches a threshold that causes a delay in complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)circuits because high on-chip temperature adversely affects the life span of the *** this paper an energy-aware dynamic power management technique based on energy aware earliest deadline first(EA-EDF)scheduling is proposed for improving the performance and reliability by reducing energy and power consumption in the system on chip(SOC).Dynamic power management(DPM)enables MPSOC to reduce power and energy consumption by adopting a suitable core configuration for task *** migration avoids peak temperature values in the multicore *** utilization factor(ui)on central processing unit(CPU)core consumes more energy and increases the temperature *** technique switches the core bymigrating such task to a core that has less temperature and is in a low power *** proposed EA-EDF scheduling technique migrates load on different cores to attain stability in temperature among multiple cores of the CPU and optimized the duration of the idle and sleep periods to enable the low-temperature *** effectiveness of the EA-EDF approach reduces the utilization and energy consumption compared to other existing methods and *** simulation results show the improvement in performance by optimizing 4.8%on u_(i) 9%,16%,23%and 25%at 520 MHz operating frequency as compared to other energy-aware techniques for MPSoCs when the least number of tasks is in running state and can

关键词： Dynamic power management dynamic voltage&frequency scaling dynamic thermal management multiprocessor system on chip complementary metal oxide semiconductor reliability

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Data Augmentation Impact on Deep learning Performance for Stress Detection 11

Data Augmentation Impact on Deep learning Performance for St...

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11th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Information systems, ICICIS 2023

作者： Hamdi, Eman Mabrouk, Mohamed Rady, Sherine Aref, Mostafa Faculty of Computer and Information Science Computer Science Department Cairo Egypt Faculty of Computer and Information Science Information Systems Department Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322101

The mental health of individuals has a major influence on society. Mental disorders such as depression and anxiety are related to issues and distress to function in work, social, or family gatherings. Motivated by helping people to early detect stress, we propose a deep learning model for stress detection that is trained and tested on Stress Annotated Dataset (SAD). Also, different techniques of textual data augmentation are applied to generate more data samples to study the impact on the stress detection task. The model achieves competitive results in the task of stress detection and proves that data augmentation has a great effect on the performance. As the accuracy is raised by 6.1% to 10.4 % by applying various techniques of data augmentation. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Stresses

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Energy-Efficient Scheduling Based on Task Migration Policy Using DPM for Homogeneous MPSoCs

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 965-981页

作者： Hamayun Khan Irfan Ud din Arshad Ali Sami Alshmrany Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering&Technology Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science&IT Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahAl Madinah Al Munawarah42351Saudi Arabia

Increasing the life span and efficiency of Multiprocessor System on Chip(MPSoC)by reducing power and energy utilization has become a critical chip design challenge for multiprocessor *** the advancement of technology,the performance management of central processing unit(CPU)is *** densities and thermal effects are quickly increasing in multi-core embedded technologies due to shrinking of chip *** energy consumption reaches a threshold that creates a delay in complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)circuits and reduces the speed by 10%–15%because excessive on-chip temperature shortens the chip’s life *** this paper,we address the scheduling&energy utilization problem by introducing and evaluating an optimal energy-aware earliest deadline first scheduling(EA-EDF)based technique formultiprocessor environments with task migration that enhances the performance and efficiency in multiprocessor systemon-chip while lowering energy and power *** selection of core andmigration of tasks prevents the system from reaching itsmaximumenergy utilization while effectively using the dynamic power management(DPM)*** in the execution of tasks the temperature and utilization factor(u_(i))on-chip increases that dissipate more *** proposed approach migrates such tasks to the core that produces less heat and consumes less power by distributing the load on other cores to lower the temperature and optimizes the duration of idle and sleep times across multiple *** performance of the EA-EDF algorithm was evaluated by an extensive set of experiments,where excellent results were reported when compared to other current techniques,the efficacy of the proposed methodology reduces the power and energy consumption by 4.3%–4.7%on a utilization of 6%,36%&46%at 520&624 MHz operating frequency when particularly in comparison to other energy-aware methods for *** are running and accurately scheduled to make an energy-efficient

关键词： Dynamic power management dynamic voltage&frequency scaling dynamic thermal management multiprocessor system on chip complementary metal oxide semiconductor reliability

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