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Identification and Classification of Crowd Activities

computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 815-832页

作者： Manar Elshahawy Ahmed O.Aseeri Shaker El-Sappagh Hassan Soliman Mohammed Elmogy Mervat Abu-Elkheir Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computers and InformationMansoura UniversityEgypt Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computers and Artificial IntelligenceBenha UniversityEgypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala University435611SuezEgypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Media Engineering and TechnologyGerman UniversityEgypt

The identification and classification of collective people’s activities are gaining momentum as significant themes in machine learning,with many potential applications *** need for representation of collective human behavior is especially crucial in applications such as assessing security conditions and preventing crowd *** paper investigates the capability of deep neural network(DNN)algorithms to achieve our carefully engineered pipeline for crowd *** includes three principal stages that cover crowd analysis ***,individual’s detection is represented using the You Only Look Once(YOLO)model for human detection and Kalman filter for multiple human tracking;Second,the density map and crowd counting of a certain location are generated using bounding boxes from a human detector;and Finally,in order to classify normal or abnormal crowds,individual activities are identified with pose *** proposed system successfully achieves designing an effective collective representation of the crowd given the individuals in addition to introducing a significant change of crowd in terms of activities *** results onMOT20 and SDHA datasets demonstrate that the proposed system is robust and *** framework achieves an improved performance of recognition and detection peoplewith a mean average precision of 99.0%,a real-time speed of 0.6ms non-maximumsuppression(NMS)per image for the SDHAdataset,and 95.3%mean average precision for MOT20 with 1.5ms NMS per image.

关键词： Crowd analysis individual detection You Only Look Once(YOLO) multiple object tracking kalman filter pose estimation

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Effect of Cl substitution on the microstructure, dielectric and optical properties of CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics

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Results in Physics 2025年 68卷

作者： Gouitaa, Najwa. Kumar, Sahil Ahjyaje, Fatima Zahra. Lamcharfi, Taj-dine. Benatia, Amina. Abarkan, Mustapha. Shandilya, Mamta Signals Systems and Components Laboratory (LSSC) Electrical Engineering Department University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah USMBA FST. Fez Imouzzer Road B.P. 2202 Morocco LSI Department of Mathematics Physics and Computer Science Polydisciplinary Faculty Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University B.P. 1223 Taza Morocco School of Physics and Materials Science Shoolini University Solan 173229 India

This study investigates the enhanced properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics by substituting oxygen anions with chlorine to form CaCu3Ti4O10Cl2 (CCTO-Cl2). The structural, morphological, optical, and dielectric char... 详细信息

This study investigates the enhanced properties of CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CCTO) ceramics by substituting oxygen anions with chlorine to form CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₀Cl₂ (CCTO-Cl₂). The structural, morphological, optical, and dielectric characteristics of CCTO-Cl₂ were systematically analyzed. Among the calcination temperatures studied, 900 °C emerged as the optimal condition, significantly enhancing all properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed phase formation and a reduction in lattice parameters due to Cl⁻ substitution and thermal treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed substantial grain growth and densification, contributing to improved material density. Optical analysis showed a redshift in absorption peaks, and the band gap energy reduced to 1.68 eV, attributed to enhanced crystallinity and phase transformations. Dielectric measurements at 900 °C demonstrated a colossal dielectric constant of 3.259 × 10⁴ and a reduced dielectric loss of 0.17, indicating exceptional energy storage potential. These findings underscore the effectiveness of Cl⁻ substitution and calcination at 900 °C in optimizing CCTO-Cl₂ ceramics for advanced dielectric and electronic applications. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics Dielectric Doping Impedance Optical

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Reducing the Severity of Black Hole and DDoS Attacks in MANETs by Modifying AODV Protocol using MAC Authentication and Symmetric Encryption 2

Reducing the Severity of Black Hole and DDoS Attacks in MANE...

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2nd International Conference on Telematics and Future Generation Networks, TAFGEN 2018

作者： Khan, Samia Hashim, Fazirulhisyam Rasid, Mohd Fadlee A. Perumal, Thinagaran Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Malaysia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Serdang Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538612750

In Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET), Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol suffers from the black hole attacks that disrupts the functionality of the network by displaying false information during routing process. Such an attack eventually affects the network performance. In this paper, an authentication mechanism based on lightweight encryption algorithm and Media Access Control (MAC) authentication are proposed for black hole and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. The proposed technique is validated in Network Simulator 2 (NS2) whose results show that the approach offers prompt route verification with high throughput and generating less routing overhead avoiding black hole attacks. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile ad hoc networks

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Dynamic AI-Driven Network Slicing with O-RAN for Continuous Connectivity in Connected Vehicles and Onboard Consumer Electronics

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Shah, Syed Danial Ali Bashir, Ali Kashif Al-Otaibi, Yasser D. Dabel, Maryam M. Al Ali, Farman University of Leeds School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom Manchester Metropolitan University Department of Computing and Mathematics M15 6BH United Kingdom Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Punjab Rajpura140401 India King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in Rabigh Department of Information Systems Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia University of Hafr Al Department of Computer Science and Engineering Batin Saudi Arabia Sungkyunkwan University School of Convergence Seoul Korea Republic of

The rise of connected and autonomous vehicles signifies an era of intelligent transportation systems, where robust and continued network connectivity is essential for critical applications and enhanced in-vehicle Consumer Electronics (CE) experiences. Slicing at the network's edge offers tailored and dedicated logical networks for diverse and low-latency vehicular demands, including Advanced Driver Assistance systems (ADAS) and in-car infotainment. However, seamless migration of network slices as vehicles traverse coverage areas of different network operators presents formidable challenges, such as ensuring continuous connectivity and uninterrupted service for both safety-critical systems and consumer-oriented services. In this paper, we introduced dynamic network slicing for continuous connectivity in connected vehicles and onboard CE using the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) framework in a highly dynamic and mobile environment. We implemented an xAPP within O-RAN that enables Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agent to learn optimal policies through interaction with the network, guiding intelligent decisions on slice migration, resource allocation, and handover optimization. We conducted simulations and evaluations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed xAPP in maintaining optimal Quality of Service (QoS), ensuring efficient RAN resource utilization, minimizing service interruptions, and prioritizing safety-critical slices, all while supporting seamless operation of CE within vehicles during mobility. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Advanced driver assistance systems

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Refining digital security with EfficientNetV2-B2 deepfake detection techniques

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Egyptian Informatics Journal 2025年 30卷

作者： Vivekananda, G.N. Mahesh, T.R. Gupta, Muskan Thakur, Arastu Sayal, Anu School of Computer Science Engineering & Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Bangalore India School of Accounting and Finance Faculty of Business and Law Taylor's University Subang Jaya 47500 Malaysia

The rise in digitally altered images has made research on robust solutions for real image verification across sectors, including media and cybersecurity very essential. Deepfake technology's development compromises digital media's validity and calls for advanced detection to address. With EfficientNetV2-B2, a novel improvement in convolutional neural networks that is considered efficient and effective, the present research proposes a strong method for separating deepfake and real images. To ensure equal ratio, the paper utilized a balanced dataset consisting of 100,000 photos divided equally between real-world and deepfake classes. Methodology involved image preprocessing to the same dimensions, model strength augmentation techniques, and a rigorous training process with parameter optimization for precision. Interestingly, the study employed an independent learning rate adjustment method for enhancing training performance, resulting in better model calibration. Experiment setup results showed a staggering 99.885 % in classification accuracy and a corresponding high F1 score, thereby establishing the capability of the model in deepfake detection. Extensive exploration also confirmed there were evident cases of misclassification, which indicated areas where training model and image processing procedures should be improved. The results illustrate the prospect of applying EfficientNetV2-B2 in situations where high accuracy is needed in photo verification. © 2025

关键词： Adaptive Learning Cybersecurity Data Augmentation Deepfake Detection Digital Forensics EfficientNetV2-B2 Image Processing Efficiency Image Verification Machine Learning Algorithms Media Integrity

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Utilizing multi-networks task scheduler for streaming applications

Utilizing multi-networks task scheduler for streaming applic...

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37th International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops, ICPP 2008

作者： Yoshinaga, Kazumi Uratani, Yoshiyuki Koide, Hiroshi Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Faculty of Computer Science of Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9780769533759

This paper proposes and evaluates a new task scheduling method for parallel and distributed applications in an environment consisting of multiple networks having different characteristics. The proposed method can schedule both streaming applications and non-streaming applications effectively at the same time, since it selects the most suitable networks for the communications of tasks and considers the changing loads of the networks. The experimental results show the proposed method reduced the total execution time of a practical streaming application. The dispersion of the execution time was also suppressed even if the network bandwidth was dynamically changing. This characteristic is very important when this method is applied to more complicated task scheduling methods. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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Enhanced charge transfer kinetics in high-performance CeO₂-TiO₂ nanocomposites for hybrid asymmetric supercapacitor

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Inorganic Chemistry Communications 2025年 178卷

作者： Al-Harthi, Enaam A. Imran, Mohd Rashid, Muhammad Shahid Asghar, Ali Khan, Humaira Rashid Shakera, Medhat A. Yakout, Amr A. Khan, Afzal Department of Chemistry College of Science University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Computer Sciences Jazan University Jazan 45112 Saudi Arabia Department of Physical Sciences Physics Division College of Science Jazan University P.O. Box. 114 Jazan 45142 Saudi Arabia Additive Manufacturing Institute Shenzhen University Shenzhen China School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Seri Ampangan Nibong Tebal S.P.S. Penang 14300 Malaysia Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Damanhour University Damanhour Egypt Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Atomic-level Manufacturing School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

Developing efficient and sustainable technologies for energy storage is critical for addressing global energy demands. This study systematically investigates CeO2-TiO2 nanocomposites as electrode materials for superca... 详细信息

Developing efficient and sustainable technologies for energy storage is critical for addressing global energy demands. This study systematically investigates CeO₂-TiO₂ nanocomposites as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The nanocomposite of CeO₂ and TiO₂ was synthesized by co-precipitation and mechanical alloying, offering a scalable and environmentally friendly approach. Comprehensive characterization through XRD, FESEM, and XPS analyses revealed the successful formation of heterojunctions between CeO₂ and TiO₂ phases, with optimal mixed Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ valency (ratio 0.37) and abundant surface hydroxyl groups. The CeO₂-TiO₂ nanocomposite exhibited superior electrochemical performance, delivering a remarkable specific capacity of 210.3 C/g at 2 A/g and a specific capacitance of 300.5 F/g at the same rate, significantly outperforming pristine CeO₂ (168.1 C/g, 240.1 F/g) and TiO₂ (153.9 C/g, 219.9 F/g). When assembled in an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) configuration with activated carbon, the device demonstrated exceptional performance with a high specific capacitance of approximately 271.5 F/g at 0.4 A/g, which gradually decreases to around 72.4 F/g at 12 A/g, with remarkable capacitance retention of 97.05 % over 4000 cycles. Kinetic analysis revealed a transition towards surface-controlled charge storage (b-value 0.725) in the composite, with capacitive contributions reaching 90 % at high scan rates. The ASC device achieved impressive maximum energy and power densities of 84.8 Wh/kg and 20.25 kW/kg, respectively, establishing its potential for practical energy storage applications. The enhanced performance is ascribed to the synergistic effects between CeO₂ and TiO₂, where CeO₂ provides abundant redox active sites while the TiO₂ network ensures efficient electron transport. These findings

关键词： Asymmetric supercapacitor CeO2-TiO2 nanocomposite Charge transfer kinetics Heterojunction interfaces Mechanical alloying Pseudocapacitive behavior

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Cryptanalysis and improvement of quantum broadcast communication and authentication protocol with a quantum one-time pad

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第8期25卷 59-64页

作者：刘志昊陈汉武 School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration (Southeast University) Ministry of Education Center for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney

The security of quantum broadcast communication（QBC） and authentication protocol based on Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger（GHZ） state and quantum one-time pad is analyzed. It is shown that there are some security issues in this ***, an external eavesdropper can take the intercept–measure–resend attack strategy to eavesdrop on 0.369 bit of every bit of the identity string of each receiver without being detected. Meanwhile, 0.524 bit of every bit of the secret message can be eavesdropped on without being detected. Secondly, an inner receiver can take the intercept–measure–resend attack strategy to eavesdrop on half of the identity string of the other＇s definitely without being checked. In addition, an alternative attack called the CNOT-operation attack is discussed. As for the multi-party QBC protocol, the attack efficiency increases with the increase of the number of users. Finally, the QBC protocol is improved to a secure one.

关键词： cryptanalysis quantum broadcast communication information leakage intercept-measure-resendattack CNOT-operation attack

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Modelling geometric objects and tolerances with intervals: Data exchange with ISO standard STEP

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Reliable Computing 2006年第4期12卷 293-302页

作者： Dyllong, Eva Luther, Wolfram Traczinski, Holger Institute of Computer Science and Interactive Systems Faculty of Engineering Gerhard-Mercator-University of Duisburg D-47057 Duisburg Germany

In this paper we present our research concerning an automatic exchange between standard geometrical descriptions of a simulation environment built with (non-)convex polyhedra and a STEP conforming data format. Furthermore, we discuss the geometric tolerances implementation in STEP in comparision to the standard interval arithmetic approach. © Springer 2006.

关键词： Computational geometry

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Splicing and coupling losses in hollow-core photonic crystal glass fibers

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Solid State Phenomena 2010年 161卷 43-49页

作者： Carvalho, J.P. Magalhães, F. Frazão, O. Santos, J.L. Araújo, F.M. Ferreira, L.A. INESC Porto - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering of Porto Portugal Physics Department of Faculty of Science University of Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)3908451817

Hollow-core photonic crystal glass fibers have a high potential for gas sensing applications, since large light-gas interaction lengths can be effectively attained. Nevertheless, in order to enhance effective diffusion of gas into the hollow-core fiber, multi-coupling gaps are often needed, which raise coupling loss issues that must be evaluated prior to the development of practical systems. In this paper, a study on the coupling losses dependence on lateral and axial gap misalignment for single-mode fiber and two different types of hollow-core photonic crystal glass fibers is carried out. In addition, an experimental technique on splicing these glass fibers is also described and some results are presented showing that low splice losses can be obtained with high reproducibility. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Single mode fibers

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