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17th International Joint Conference on Biomedical engineering systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2024

作者： Khan, Sara Ismail, Walaa N. Alsalamah, Shada Mohamed, Ebtesam Alsalamah, Hessah A. Department of Information Systems and Technology Management George Washington University WashingtonDC United States Management Information Systems Department College of Business Al Yamamah University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Information Systems Department King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer Science Minia University Minia Egypt Computer Engineering Department College of Engineering and Architecture Al Yamamah University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in 550 million cases and 6.3 million fatalities, with the virus severely affecting the lungs and cardiovascular system. A study utilizes a VGG16 model adapted for a 12-Lead ECG Image database to assess the disease's impact on cardiovascular health. The research addresses the challenge of data imbalance by experimenting with different training approaches: using balanced datasets, imbalanced datasets, and class weight adjustments for imbalanced datasets. These models are designed for a three-class multiclass classification of ECG images: Abnormal, Covid-19, and Normal categories. Performance evaluations, including accuracy scores, confusion matrices, and classification reports, show promising results. The model trained on a balanced dataset achieved a 90% accuracy rate. When trained on an imbalanced dataset, the accuracy dropped to 82%. However, with class weight adjustments, the accuracy rebounded to 87%. The study proves that the adapted VGG16 model can effectively handle both balanced and imbalanced datasets. Further testing and enhancements can be carried out using additional datasets, making it a valuable tool for understanding the cardiovascular implications of Covid-19. © 2024 by SCITEPRESS–science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： COVID-19

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On the Potential of Using ERP Business and System Data for Fraud Detection

On the Potential of Using ERP Business and System Data for F...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Big Data 2022

作者： Schnepf, Jonas Vetter, Paula Temel, Tarik Scheuermann, Bernd Schmidt-Thieme, Lars University of Applied Sciences Karlsruhe Faculty of Management Science and Engineering Karlsruhe Germany Institute of Computer Science University of Hildesheim Information Systems and Machine Learning Lab Hildesheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665480451

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are used to support and to control the business processes of a company or organization. Such systems integrate the data across the entire company into a complete system that is capable of enhancing the key operations in virtually any department. Commonly, running an ERP system helps companies operate more efficiently, however, this also leads to problems. Employees are able to enrich themselves through insider knowledge or by exploiting incomplete or incorrect permission settings. This is referred to as occupational fraud. Since ERP systems keep records of all executed business activities and log system events and permission checks, they provide a variety of different data sources that can be used to detect occupational fraud. This paper reviews existing literature in the area of fraud detection and fraud cases based on ERP data including business data and system data. Using the most widespread ERP system from SAP, the potential and the suitability of the various data sources with respect to fraud detection is examined. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Enterprise resource planning

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Peridynamic-based modeling of elastoplasticity and fracture dynamics

Peridynamic-based modeling of elastoplasticity and fracture ...

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作者： Wang, Haoping Wang, Xiaokun Xu, Yanrui Zhang, Yalan Yao, Chao Guo, Yu Ban, Xiaojuan School of Intelligence Science and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering School of Intelligence Science and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bionic Unmanned Systems Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of Materials Shenyang China

This paper introduces a particle-based framework for simulating the behavior of elastoplastic materials and the formation of fractures, grounded in Peridynamic theory. Traditional approaches, such as the Finite Element Method (FEM) and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), to modeling elastic materials have primarily relied on discretization techniques and continuous constitutive model. However, accurately capturing fracture and crack development in elastoplastic materials poses significant challenges for these conventional models. Our approach integrates a Peridynamic-based elastic model with a density constraint, enhancing stability and realism. We adopt the Von Mises yield criterion and a bond stretch criterion to simulate plastic deformation and fracture formation, respectively. The proposed method stabilizes the elastic model through a density-based position constraint, while plasticity is modeled using the Von Mises yield criterion within the bond of particle paris. Fracturing and the generation of fine fragments are facilitated by the fracture criterion and the application of complementarity operations to the inter-particle connections. Our experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of our framework in realistically depicting a wide range of material behaviors, including elasticity, plasticity, and fracturing, across various scenarios. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Elastoplasticity

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Interpretable SHAP-Driven Machine Learning for Accurate Fault Detection in Software engineering 5th

Interpretable SHAP-Driven Machine Learning for Accurate Fau...

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5th Joint International Conference on AI, Big Data and Blockchain, ABB 2024

作者： Kassaymeh, Sofian Rjoub, Gaith Dssouli, Rachida Bentahar, Jamal Almobydeen, Shahed Bassam Faculty of Information Technology Aqaba University of Technology Aqaba Jordan Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada Department of Computer Science 6G Research Center Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9783031731501

In order to design and develop secure and reliable software, accurate prediction of software errors is crucial. The complex, nonlinear relationship between software features and bugs that occur during development despite precautions and measures taken to prevent them makes it difficult for traditional empirical models to predict these bugs with any degree of accuracy. An integration between the Decision Tree (DT) model and the SHAP (Shapley Additive exPlanations) technique was developed in this work with the aim of predicting software faults and providing informative explanations of the expected results. The synergistic advantages of integrating DT and SHAP allow the creation of an accurate, efficient, and fully interpretable technique. In order to make the process visible and reliable, SHAP provides a global explanation of how features of the developed software affect quality and a local explanation of how features contribute to each prediction. The tendency of software features to influence software quality was revealed by feature dependence analysis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Leveraging Generalizability of Image-to-Image Translation for Enhanced Adversarial Defense

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Haibo Yao, Zhihua Sakurai, Kouichi Saitoh, Takeshi Department of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan Faculty of Economics and Business Administration The University of Kitakyushu Japan Department of Informatics Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Japan

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, machine learning emerges as a key technology characterized by its vast potential and inherent risks. The stability and reliability of these models are important, as they are frequent targets of security threats. Adversarial attacks, first rigorously defined by Ian Goodfellow et al. in 2013, highlight a critical vulnerability: they can trick machine learning models into making incorrect predictions by applying nearly invisible perturbations to images. Although many studies have focused on constructing sophisticated defensive mechanisms to mitigate such attacks, they often overlook the substantial time and computational costs of training and maintaining these models. Ideally, a defense method should be able to generalize across various, even unseen, adversarial attacks with minimal overhead. Building on our previous work on image-to-image translation-based defenses, this study introduces an improved model that incorporates residual blocks to enhance generalizability. The proposed method requires training only a single model, effectively defends against diverse attack types, and is well-transferable between different target models. Experiments show that our model can restore the classification accuracy from near zero to an average of 72% while maintaining competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods. Significantly, our model operates more efficiently, reducing the time needed to process individual images and speeding up the training process to achieve faster convergence. Robustness tests further confirm stable performance under varying attack strengths, demonstrating the model’s practical value in real-world adversarial settings. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Physical Layer Security in Untrusted Diamond Relay Networks with Imperfect Source-Relay Links

Physical Layer Security in Untrusted Diamond Relay Networks ...

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2022 International Symposium on Networks, computers and Communications, ISNCC 2022

作者： Qian, Shen He, Xin Zhou, Xiaobo Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Department of Information Systems Creation Japan Anhui Normal University School of Computer and Information China Tianjin University School of Computer Science and Technology China

ISBN: (数字)9781665485449

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485449

A two-untrusted-relay transmission scheme is proposed with lossy-forward (LF) relaying being utilized. Two untrusted relays are located between one source and one common destination and there is no direct link between the source and the destination, which referred to as diamond relaying network. Since LF relaying allows intra-link errors and always forwards the decoded information sequences from the relays to the destination, it realizes the reliable and secure transmission of decoder-and-forward based relay networks with untrusted relays. Reliable-and-secure probability is derived to evaluate the performance of the untrusted relay networks, which represents the probability that the destination can recover the original message sent from the source whereas the relays cannot. We find that as long as the contributions of the transmit power of source and relays are balanced, a certain degree of reliable-and-secure probability can be held, even without the support from a friendly jamming signal. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Probability

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Mitigating Crop Losses: AI-enabled Disease Detection in Tomato Plants 20

Mitigating Crop Losses: AI-enabled Disease Detection in Toma...

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20th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology, FIT 2023

作者： Ashfaq, Hassan Arshad, Usama Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Shah, Muhammad Huzaifa Ali Khan, Talha Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Ali, Nisar Siddique, Abu Bakar Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Basque Country Leioa Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395785

Fostering crop health is vital for global food security, underscoring the need for effective disease detection. This research introduces an innovative artificial intelligence (AI) model designed to enhance the detection and diagnosis of diseases in tomato plants, particularly focusing on Early Blight and Late Blight. Significantly, our model leverages cutting-edge image processing techniques to improve disease detection efficiency, outperforming traditional methods in terms of speed and accuracy. Our results demonstrate an impressive model accuracy of 92.58% on training data and 86.83% on validation data, showing the effectiveness of AI in diagnosing plant diseases. These high accuracy rates underline the potential of our model for timely disease classification, allowing for immediate and appropriate interventions. However, our research also identified a potential overfitting problem in the model's performance. To address this, we propose using regularization and data augmentation techniques to enhance the model's generalizability on unseen data. Additionally, we delve into inherent challenges that plague AI-based plant disease detection, such as the scarcity of diverse datasets and the difficulty of achieving broad generalizability across different plant species. In identifying potential solutions for these issues, our research lays the groundwork for the wider and more practical implementation of AI technologies in agriculture. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Crops

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Performance Evaluation of Popular Deep Neural Networks for Neural Machine Translation 20

Performance Evaluation of Popular Deep Neural Networks for N...

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20th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology, FIT 2023

作者： Naeem, Muhammad Siddique, Abu Bakar Ali, Raja Hashim Arshad, Usama Abideen, Zain Ul Ali Khan, Talha Shah, Muhammad Huzaifa Zeeshan Ijaz, Ali Ali, Nisar Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Basque Country Leioa Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395785

The field of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has shown impressive performance for quick and easy communication in various languages spoken all over the world. NMT helps us by improving communication between different languages. For this purpose, different sequential models are used such as Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU). Analysis among these different models are important for making language translation better and choose the best model for the right job. This research investigates the performance of these models on two distinct language datasets, English-to-German and English-to-Urdu. Based on accuracy metrics, the findings reveal that GRU having test accuracy (88.22% ) outperforms RNN (87.21% ), and LSTM (85.70% )demonstrating the highest translation accuracy, followed by RNN and LSTM exhibiting comparatively lower accuracy levels. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Chest Radiographs Based Pneumothorax Detection Using Federated Learning

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computer systems science & engineering 2023年第11期47卷 1775-1791页

作者： Ahmad Almadhor Arfat Ahmad Khan Chitapong Wechtaisong Iqra Yousaf Natalia Kryvinska Usman Tariq Haithem Ben Chikha Department of Computer Engineering and Networks College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversitySakaka72388Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabadPakistan Information Systems Department Faculty of ManagementComenius University in BratislavaOdbojárovBratislava440Slovakia Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University AlKharjSaudi Arabia

Pneumothorax is a thoracic condition that occurs when a person’s lungs collapse,causing air to enter the pleural cavity,the area close to the lungs and chest *** most persistent disease,as well as one that necessitates particular patient care and the privacy of their health *** radiologists find it challenging to diagnose pneumothorax due to the variations in *** learning-based techniques are commonly employed to solve image categorization and segmentation ***,it is challenging to employ it in the medical field due to privacy issues and a lack of *** address this issue,a federated learning framework based on an Xception neural network model is proposed in this *** pneumothorax medical image dataset is obtained from the Kaggle *** preprocessing is performed on the used dataset to convert unstructured data into structured information to improve the model’s ***-max normalization technique is used to normalize the data,and the features are extracted from chest Xray *** dataset converts into two windows to make two clients for local model *** neural network model is trained on the dataset individually and aggregates model updates from two clients on the server *** decrease the over-fitting effect,every client analyses the results three *** 1 performed better in round 2 with a 79.0%accuracy,and client 2 performed better in round 2 with a 77.0%*** experimental result shows the effectiveness of the federated learning-based technique on a deep neural network,reaching a 79.28%accuracy while also providing privacy to the patient’s data.

关键词： Privacy preserving pneumothorax disease federated learning chest x-ray images healthcare machine learning deep learning

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Leveraging AI and NLP in Chatbot Development: An Experimental Study 20

Leveraging AI and NLP in Chatbot Development: An Experimenta...

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20th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology, FIT 2023

作者： Paracha, Abdul Wahab Arshad, Usama Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Shah, Muhammad Huzaifa Ali Khan, Talha Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Ali, Nisar Siddique, Abu Bakar Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Basque Country Leioa Spain University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395785

In the current era of chatbots, this research delves into the advancements in AI chatbots, drawing on artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to mimic human-like conversations. A particular focus is given to the potential of chatbots in facilitating multitasking dialogues, offering emotional support, and addressing complex subject matter, all the while respecting user privacy and trust. The implemented chatbot model is trained on a neural network, using Keras and TensorFlow libraries. This model's performance indicates a considerable dependence on the dataset's size, with larger datasets leading to better outcomes by providing more extensive language usage and context examples. Additionally, we also analyze the effect of varying architectures and hyperparameters on chatbot performance. The significance of localizing chatbots to adapt to different languages and cultures is also highlighted. While promising, the study identifies areas of improvement, suggesting future research directions in enhancing language capture techniques, expanding training datasets, and integrating emotional intelligence within chatbot systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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