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Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC IEEE

作者： Alexander F. K. Janus Steffen Moser Frank Slomka Faculty of Engineering Computer Science and Psychology Institute of Embedded System/Real-Time Systems School of Advanced Professional Studies Ulm University Ulm Germany

Real-time multimedia communication applications like video conferencing and screen sharing tools are an integral part of our daily communications. These time-critical services are handled via the Internet, a packet-switched and essentially best-effort network, not explicitly designed for robust real-time communication. From a video conferencing service provider's perspective, network issues cause a lot of user complaints due to various reasons: lossy WLAN channels, poorly configured home routers, or crowded carrier-grade network address translation devices. All of these issues have in common that they are often time-variant and non-deterministic. Furthermore, the end-to-end transmission in these highly inhomogeneous networks often suffers from a mixture of more than one error source. To enable a detailed and impartial analysis of multimedia service quality, it is necessary to analyze packets in defective online scenarios and introduce a broadly similar error pattern in an otherwise stable lab network. In this paper, we present SEDER, a hardware-software design of a layer two transparent Ethernet bridge that can be used for two purposes: error detection and error recreation. Implemented on low-cost hardware, the bridge can be easily deployed anywhere to allow debugging, even at a user's site. It is possible to parameterize our bridge to imitate almost all possible network effects, including complex combinations of more than one effect. In addition, we present two case studies, firstly emphasizing the capabilities of SEDER and secondly showing the need to use SEDER to harden open source Video Conferencing Tools against errors.

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Decentralized Spectrum Sharing Networks Based on Blockchains

Decentralized Spectrum Sharing Networks Based on Blockchains

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Shuyue Ai Yuna Jiang Qiang Li Xiaohu Ge Aduwati Sali School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Dept. of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUPM WiPNET Research Centre

ISBN: (数字)9798350361261

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361278

The dynamic spectrum sharing technology in cognitive radio can effectively improve the utilization rate of spectrum and relieve the current spectrum pressure. To realize spectrum sharing without trust between SUs and PUs belonging to various operators, a decentralized spectrum sharing scheme based on blockchain is proposed in this paper. A latency model and a decentralization degree model of blockchain-enabled spectrum sharing network are formulated. Network scale law in this paper is defined as the change law of structure and scale in a network. Based on the proposed decentralization degree and latency model, the scale law of blockchain networks under the constraints of latency and decentralization is studied. The simulation analyzes the change of the proportion of consensus nodes in the blockchain network with different requirements for latency and decentralization. The results show that when blockchain networks have both low latency and decentralization characteristics, the upper limit of the total number of nodes is 390, and the value range of the proportion of consensus nodes is between 0.13 and 0.56.

关键词： Blockchains Cognitive radio Low latency communication Mobile computing

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Comparative Study between KNN and CNN's Techniques for Kidney Stone Detection

Comparative Study between KNN and CNN's Techniques for Kidne...

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Smart Computing and Application (ICSCA), International Conference on

作者： Fahdah M. Al-Tbenawey Shoayee Alotaibi Marwa Salem Shamaila Mir Zahida Mir Department of Computer Science and Information Computer Science and Engineering College University of Ha'il Hail Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Communication and Electronics Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Modern Science and Arts University (MSA) Cairo Egypt

This paper aims to determine the better technique for kidney stone detection between K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). As well known, the presence of kidney stones is an important topic that deserves discussion regarding expected medical outcomes. Most of the detection measures comprise CT scans, ultrasounds, and abdominal X-rays. These measures have varying effectiveness levels, hence used in the detection to prepare patients for specific treatment options. Patients' treatment options comprise percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), and ureteroscopy. The different detection techniques carried out for the patients are essential to test whether the patient has small or large kidney stones. One essential technique is using conventional neural networks (CNNs) technology. In this paper kidney, stone detection will be carried out using both of K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and CNN's techniques. A comparison between both techniques will be carried out to figure out the better. All of the simulations are carried out using MATLAB.

关键词： Support vector machines Image segmentation Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonic variables measurement Particle separators Neural networks X-rays

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Two-Way Communication Retrial Queue with Markov Modulated Poisson Input and Multiple Types of Outgoing Calls 25th

Two-Way Communication Retrial Queue with Markov Modulated P...

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25th International Conference on Distributed computer and Communication Networks, DCCN 2022

作者： Nazarov, Anatoly Phung-Duc, Tuan Paul, Svetlana Lizyura, Olga Institute of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science National Research Tomsk State University 36 Lenina ave. Tomsk634050 Russia Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031306471

In this paper, we consider single server two-way communication retrial queue with Markov modulated Poisson input. Such system serves two types of calls: incoming and outgoing. We assume that incoming calls arrive according to the input process and retry in case the server is busy upon arrival. If the server is occupied upon arrival, the incoming call joins the orbit and waits for some time before making the next try to receive service. On the other hand, outgoing calls are initiated by server and do not make redial. We present the analysis of the queue using asymptotic diffusion method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Queueing theory

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Enhancing Highway Safety with LSTM-based Vehicle Intention Prediction (HVIP)

Enhancing Highway Safety with LSTM-based Vehicle Intention P...

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International Conference on computer and Applications (ICCA)

作者： Lujina Amer Catherine M. Elias C-DRiVeS Lab Cognitive Driving Research in Vehicular Systems Cairo Egypt Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology German University in Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350367560

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367577

Predicting vehicles' motion on highways has become crucial for enhancing road safety and traffic flow. Deep learning, which reached exceptional results in various applications, is now the leading approach for vehicle motion prediction. This work presents a deep learning-based model using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to classify vehicle intentions into lane-keeping, left lane-changing, and right lane-changing. Utilizing the PREVENTION dataset, which provides naturalistic driving data, a sequence of centre points, longitudinal distances, lateral distances and yaw angles of a vehicle has been extracted to train the model to predict lane changes effectively. The model consists of three LSTM layers, a dense output layer and a drop out added between layers to prevent overfitting. Experiments focusing on optimizing the model parameters, learning rate, sequence length, and batch size, were conducted to determine their impact on prediction effectiveness. The best-performing model showed significant results in lane changing prediction, achieving an accuracy of 84%, precision of 89%, and recall of 82%. Future work will aim to train the model on more complex features, to account for vehicle inter-dependencies and interactions, and test model on various highway scenarios for a more reliable system.

关键词： Road transportation Prevention and mitigation Computational modeling Focusing Predictive models Road safety Safety Reliability Long short term memory Overfitting

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Predicting Off-Design Performance of Axial Compressors Using Multilayer Neural Network Model for Surge Control

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Elmelegy, Mohamed Ali Elhosseini, Mostafa A. Ali, Hesham Arafat Haikal, Amira Y. DLNG Damietta LNG Egypt College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Yanbu Saudi Arabia Department of Computers and Control Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

Incidence of surge within axial compressors profoundly influences efficacy, reliability of aero-engines. Conventional methodologies in engine design have predominantly concentrated on precise ,efficient forecasting critical characteristics during such occurrences. paper presents novel approach for predicting surge phenomenon in axial compressors. Surge is a major issue in operation axial compressors, causing reduced performance, increased wear, tear, complete machine failure. proposed approach utilizes NN model based on compressor's design data to forecast behavior of compressor's working map under off-design conditions. model is verified using real data collected over five years during compressor operation, including opening angle (IGV), important parameter often ignored or assumed to be fixed in previous studies. results show NN-based approach effectively predicts compressor's behavior under different operating conditions, providing valuable insights into onset of surge , offering real-time surge prediction ,control ,ability to predict compressor's working map enables optimizing its performance , controlling instability. model was validated by comparing its predictions with real operating conditions observed over five years across various compressor operating modes. As result, predictive model enables safe operation of axial compressors by mitigating instability risks during operation. study's findings highlight model's effectiveness, as evidenced by minimal error observed between predicted and actual data collected across various compressor operating modes. model exhibits strong performance, characterized by high regression factor of 0.92667 , low mean squared error of 3.04465 x 10^-3. numerical values underscore reliability , precision proposed approach in predicting operation of axial compressor under diverse conditions, ultimately contributing to enhanced stability , safety during compressor operations. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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Robust In-Vehicle Diagnostic-Based Intrusion Detection System

Robust In-Vehicle Diagnostic-Based Intrusion Detection Syste...

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International Symposium on Networks, computers and Communications (ISNCC)

作者： Ahmed Shafee Tasneem A. Awaad Ahmed Moro Department of Engineering and Computer Science Adams State University Alamosa CO USA Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Siemens EDA Cairo Egypt Integrated Electrical Systems Segment Siemens Digital Industries Software Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350364910

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364927

Cybersecurity has become a significant concern for automotive manufacturers as modern cars increasingly incorporate electronic components. Electronic Control Units (ECUs) have evolved to become the central control units for critical car functions such as engines and brakes, experiencing rapid technological advancements. However, this swift progression in ECU technology has also made them prime targets for cyber attacks. This vulnerability has spurred researchers to focus on securing ECUs. Numerous studies have proposed intrusion detection systems (IDS) to protect against attacks on ECUs in vehicles. Yet, these IDSs are not impenetrable; attackers can exploit them by launching evasion attacks, which can trigger numerous false positive alarms. Such false alarms can be disruptive and potentially hazardous for drivers. Additionally, attackers can evade IDSs from detecting malicious data that can cause harm to the vehicle. Accordingly, in this paper, we propose a novel training framework to train a robust in-vehicle IDS that can encounter evasion attacks. Our methodology is based on implementing two rounds of mimic learning technique for training Random Forest (RF) based IDS. RF has been chosen to incorporate the randomness of the RF architecture to enhance the robustness of the model. Additionally, in each round of the two rounds of the mimic learning technique, an RF model with a different architecture is chosen to improve the resilience of the model against evasion attacks without affecting its accuracy. Our Experimental results have shown the effectiveness of our framework against evasion attacks.

关键词： Radio frequency Training Computational modeling Intrusion detection computer architecture Robustness Automobiles Random forests Vehicles Resilience

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TransfoRhythm: A Transformer Architecture Conductive to Blood Pressure Estimation through Solo PPG Signal Capturing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Arjomand, Amir Boudesh, Amin Bayatmakou, Farnoush Krylov, Georgiy Kent, Kenneth B. Mohammadi, Arash Faculty of Computer Science University of New Brunswick FrederictonNB Canada Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering Concordia University MontrealQC Canada

Recent statistics indicate that approximately 1.3 billion individuals worldwide suffer from hypertension, a leading cause of premature death globally. Blood Pressure (BP) serves as a critical health indicator for accurate and timely diagnosis and/or treatment of hypertension. Traditional BP measurement methods rely on cuff-based approaches, which lack real-time, continuous, and reliable BP estimates, crucial for the timely diagnosis/treatment of hypertension. Driven by recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), there has been a surge of interest in developing data-driven and cuff-less BP estimation solutions. In this context, current literature predominantly focuses on coupling Electrocardiography (ECG) and Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors, though this approach is constrained by reliance on multiple sensor types. An alternative, utilizing standalone PPG signals, presents challenges due to the absence of auxiliary sensors (ECG), requiring the use of morphological features while addressing motion artifacts and high-frequency noise. To address these issues, the paper introduces the TransfoRhythm framework, a Transformer-based DNN architecture built upon the recently released physiological database, MIMIC-IV. Leveraging the Multi-Head Attention (MHA) mechanism, TransfoRhythm identifies dependencies and similarities across data segments, forming a robust framework for cuff-less BP estimation solely using PPG signals. To our knowledge, this paper represents the first study to apply the MIMIC IV dataset for cuff-less BP estimation. Performance evaluation through comprehensive experiments demonstrates TransfoRhythm’s superiority over its state-of-the-art counterparts. Specifically, TransfoRhythm achieves highly accurate results with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of [2.21,1.84] and a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of [1.37,1.06] for systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Blood pressure

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The EGY-DRiVeS Dataset: Illuminating the Dynamics of Egyptian Road Traffic Behaviors

The EGY-DRiVeS Dataset: Illuminating the Dynamics of Egyptia...

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International Conference on computer and Applications (ICCA)

作者： Zeyad H. Saadawy Mohamed A. Elfar Menna M. Aly Momen Adel Mohamed A. Bahy Catherine M. Elias C-DRiVeS Lab: Cognitive Driving Research in Vehicular Systems Cairo Egypt Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology German University in Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350367560

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367577

This paper presents a comprehensive dataset of Egyptian roads integrated with chaotic scenarios captured by EGY-DRiVeS’ lab golf car to aid in developing the autonomous driving experience. Using Velodyne 3D laser scanners, C922 Pro HD webcams, and iPhone 11 Pro cameras, a cumulative recording time of 3 hours and 48 minutes was documented. This included 1 hour and 15 minutes of LiDAR recordings, 1 hour and 45 minutes of camera recordings, and 48 minutes and 13 seconds of synced recordings. The dataset encompasses diverse scenarios and objects, ranging from urban environments with dynamic and static objects to rural highways. In-campus roads and intersections are also included, providing real-world scenarios such as vehicular and pedestrian behavior within campus premises. Each part of the dataset is annotated with 2D bounding boxes offering detailed information about vehicles, pedestrians and road objects. The provided data are calibrated, synchronized, and timestamped. Alongside the dataset, data format specifications, annotated data samples, and all supplementary recordings are provided upon request.

关键词： Pedestrians Laser radar Three-dimensional displays Webcams Roads Urban areas Object detection Recording Vehicle dynamics Autonomous vehicles

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Recognition of Handwritten Tamazight Characters Using ResNet, MobileNet and VGG Transfer Learning 23

Recognition of Handwritten Tamazight Characters Using ResNet...

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23rd International Conference on New Trends in Intelligent Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques, SoMeT 2024

作者： Fattahi, Jaouhar Sghaier, Feriel Mejri, Mohamed Manai, Elyes Ghayoula, Ridha Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Laval University 2325 rue de l'Université QuébecQCG1V 0A6 Canada Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Carthage Université de Carthage Tunis Tunisia Faculty of Engineering Information Systems Department University of Moncton New Brunswick Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685380

The Tamazight civilization stands as a significant cultural entity, marked by its linguistic diversity, historical legacy, and scriptural traditions, which collectively enrich the cultural tapestry of North Africa. Among these traditions, the Tamazight handwritten script assumes particular importance, embodying centuries of cultural identity and artistic expression. Recognizing the imperative of safeguarding this cultural heritage, our study focuses on Tamazight handwritten character recognition. Leveraging the strategic application of Transfer Learning, we explore its efficacy in this domain. Transfer Learning presents a robust framework wherein pre-existing models are adapted for specific tasks despite limited data availability. Our research employs three prominent Transfer Learning architectures: VGG, ResNet, and MobileNet. Through a rigorous comparative analysis, we discern the efficacy of these methodologies in the context of Tamazight handwritten character recognition. Our findings underscore the potential of Transfer Learning to significantly augment the accuracy and efficiency of script recognition systems, thereby advancing the overarching objective of preserving and propagating the Tamazight cultural heritage. © 2024 IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transfer learning

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