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2005 IEEE International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2005

作者： Fung, Casey K. Hung, Patrick C. K. Wang, Guijun Linger, Richard C. Walton, Gwendolyn H. Engineering and Information Technology Boeing Phantom Works United States Faculty of Business and Information Technology University of Ontario Institute of Technology Canada Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States Mathematics and Computer Science Dept. Florida Southern College United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769524095

Quality of Services (QoS) management in compositions of services requires careful consideration of QoS characteristics of the services and effective QoS management in their execution. A Web service is a software system that supports interoperable application-to-application interaction over the Internet. Web services are based on a set of XML standards such as Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The interactions of SOAP messages between Web services form the theoretical model of SOAP Message Exchange Patterns (MEP). Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL) defines an interoperable integration model that facilitates automated process integration in intra- and inter-corporate environments. A service-level agreement (SLA) is a formal contract between a Web services requestor and provider guaranteeing quantifiable issues at defined levels only through mutual concessions. Based on a prior research work on Message Detail Record (MDR), this paper further proposes a SOAP message tracking model for supporting QoS end-to-end management in the context of WSBPEL and SLA. This paper motivates the study of QoS management in a Web service composition framework with the evolution of a distributed toolkit in an industrial setting.

关键词： Telecommunication services

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Contract-based mutation for testing components

Contract-based mutation for testing components

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International Conference on software Maintenance (ICSM)

作者： Ying Jiang Shan-Shan Hou Jin-Hui Shan Lu Zhang Bing Xie Institute of Software School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China

Testing plays an important role in the maintenance of component based software development. Test adequacy for component testing is one of the hardest issues for component testing. To tackle this problem, it is a natural idea to apply mutation testing, which is a fault-based testing method used for measuring test adequacy, for component contracts, whose aim is to improve the testability of the component. Though powerful, mutation testing is usually very computation-expensive, as many mutants need to be produced and executed in mutation testing. In this paper, we propose a contract-based mutation technique for testing components. Based on the discordance between contracts and specification, our approach employs a set of high level contract mutation operators. The experimental results show that these operators can greatly reduce the number of mutants compared with traditional mutation operators. At the same time, the contract-based mutation using our contract mutation operators can provide almost the same ability as that of using traditional mutation operators. Moreover, effective test suite can be produced to reduce the maintenance effort.

关键词： Genetic mutations Contracts software testing software reusability software maintenance Electronic equipment testing Programming Application software computer science Automation

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A study of service composition with QoS management

A study of service composition with QoS management

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IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS)

作者： C.K. Fung P.C.K. Hung G. Wang R.C. Linger G.H. Walton Engineering and Information Technology Boeing-Phantom Works USA Faculty of Business and Information Technology Institute of Technology University of Ontario Canada Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University USA Mathematics and Computer Science Department Florida Southern College USA

Quality of service (QoS) management in compositions of services requires careful consideration of QoS characteristics of the services and effective QoS management in their execution. A Web service is a software system that supports interoperable application-to-application interaction over the Internet. Web services are based on a set of XML standards such as simple object access protocol (SOAP). The interactions of SOAP messages between Web services form the theoretical model of SOAP message exchange patterns (MEP). Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL) defines an interoperable integration model that facilitates automated process integration in intra- and inter-corporate environments. A service-level agreement (SLA) is a formal contract between a Web services requestor and provider guaranteeing quantifiable issues at defined levels only through mutual concessions. Based on a prior research work on message detail record (MDR), this paper further proposes a SOAP message tracking model for supporting QoS end-to-end management in the context of WSBPEL and SLA. This paper motivates the study of QoS management in a Web service composition framework with the evolution of a distributed toolkit in an industrial setting.

关键词： Quality of service Web services Simple object access protocol Service oriented architecture Quality management Information technology Imaging phantoms software systems Web and internet services Delay

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Extending Business Process Execution Language for Web Services with Service Level Agreements Expressed in Computational Quality Attributes

Extending Business Process Execution Language for Web Servic...

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

作者： C.K. Fung P.C.K. Hung R.C. Linger G.H. Walton Boeing Phantom Works Mathematics and Computing Technology USA Faculty of Business and Information Institute of Technology University of Ontario Canada Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University USA Mathematics and Computer Science Department Florida Southern College USA

Quality of Service (QoS) management is critical for service-oriented enterprise architectures because services have different QoS characteristics, requesters have different requirements, and service interactions are decoupled. This paper proposes a QoS Management Architecture for dynamic processing of service- and flow-level quality attributes to support QoS requests and analyses in Web-service-oriented architectures. The architecture is implemented using Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL4WS), an interoperable integration model that facilitates automated process integration). The proposed approach extends BPEL4WS by integrating it with Web service-level agreements (WSLA) to support QoS and extending the BPEL4WS language to provide a new " " assertion that describes the location of a document's WSLA document. Under the proposed approach, quality attributes are defined, computed, and acted upon as dynamic characteristics of systems, with values constantly changing in operation The feasibility of the proposed approach is demonstrated using an illustrative travel reservation service flow example.

关键词： Web services Quality of service Service oriented architecture computer architecture Mathematics Quality management Delay Resource management Imaging phantoms Information technology

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Dynamic LOD on GPU

Dynamic LOD on GPU

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computer Graphics International

作者： Junfeng Ji Enhua Wu Sheng Li Xuehui Liu Lab. of Comput. Sci. Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing China Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Macao China School of Electronics Engineering & Computer Science Peking University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)15301052

This paper presents a novel approach to implementing dynamic LOD on GPU. For our purpose, a quadtree structure is created based on seamless geometry image atlas, which is a 3D surface representation in parameter space by combining the features of geometry images and poly-cube maps. All the nodes in the quadtree are packed into the atlas textures. There are two rendering passes in our approach. In the first pass, the LOD selection is performed in the fragment shaders. The resultant buffer is taken as the input texture to the second rendering pass by vertex texturing, and thus the node culling and triangulation can be performed in the vertex shaders. Our LOD algorithm can generate adaptive meshes dynamically, and can be fully implemented on GPU. It improves the efficiency of LOD selection, and alleviates the computing load on CPU.

关键词： Geometry Rendering (computer graphics) Graphics Hardware Pixel Concurrent computing Runtime Mesh generation Digital elevation models Image converters

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A hybrid method for real-time animation of trees swaying in wind fields

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VISUAL computer 2004年第10期20卷 613-623页

作者： Ota, S Tamura, M Fujimoto, T Muraoka, K Chiba, N Iwate Software Center Japan Department of Computer and Information Sciences Faculty of Engineering Iwate University Japan Department of Communications Engineering Tohoku Institute of Technology Japan

Trees are one of the most important elements of natural landscapes. Therefore, in computer graphics, there is a great demand for methods to realize the natural representation of trees in virtual landscapes in various fields such as the entertainment industry or environmental assessment in construction. Many studies have been made on techniques in which the shapes of trees are modeled but only a few studies have been reported on methods to incorporate the shapes with motions in a wind field. Most of these studies use physical simulation techniques based on the equations of motion to generate the branch motions and cannot realize the motions of individual leaves. In this paper, we propose a method to create the natural motions of individual leaves and branches swaying in a wind field. The proposed method uses a hybrid approach combining a stochastic method and a simulation method. The stochastic method is based on 1/f(beta) stop noise, which is observed in various natural phenomena, and provides natural motion to leaves and branches. In addition, a simple simulation method based on the spring model is applied to branches to enhance the reality of their motions. This method enables the real-time creation of the leaf and branch motions. Diverse motions according to tree species and shapes and wind conditions can be easily realized by controlling the parameters.

关键词： tree motion wind 1/f(beta) noise real-time animation

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Unifying views of UML

Unifying views of UML

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作者： Liu, Zhiming He, Jifeng Liu, Jing Li, Xiaoshan International Institute for Software Technology United Nations University Macao China Faculty of Software Engineering University of Macao Macao China Department of Computer Science University of Leicester United Kingdom East China Normal University Shanghai China Shanghai University China

We present an approach to embedding a formal method into Rational Unified Process (RUP). The purposes are: (a) to unify different views of UML. (b) to enhance UML with the formal method to improve the quality of software systems;and (c) to support effective use of the formal method for system specification and reasoning with the iterative and incremental approach by providing a unified conceptual framework. One of the main features of RUP is that it is use-case driven and supports iterative development more explicit than other process models, such as the waterfall model. Object-orientation also supports better and more explicitly incremental programming than the traditional imperative programming. These together will help to scale up the use of the formal method in software system development. The model is based on Hoare and He's Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP). © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： computer programming languages

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The dimensions of variation in the teaching of data structures

The dimensions of variation in the teaching of data structur...

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ITiCSE 2004 - 9th Annual SIGCSE Conference on Innovation and technology in computer Science Education

作者： Lister, Raymond Tenenberg, Josh Box, Ilona Morrison, Brians Westbrook, D. Suzanne University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Information Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia University of Washington Tacoma Institute of Technology 1900 Commerce St. Tacoma WA 98402-3100 University of Western Sydney School of Computing and IT Penrith NSW 1797 Australia Southern Polytechnic State University School of Computing and Software Engineering Marietta GA 30060 University of Arizona Department of Computer Science Tucson AZ 85721

The current debate about the teaching of data structures is hampered because, as a community, we usually debate specifics about data structure implementations and libraries, when the real level of disagreement remains implicit - the intent behind our teaching. This paper presents a phenomenographic study of the intent of CS educators for teaching data structures in CS2. Based on interviews with computer Science educators and analysis of CS literature, we identified five categories of intent: developing transferable thinking, improving students' programming skills, knowing "what's under the hood", knowledge of software libraries, and component thinking. The CS community needs to first debate at the level of these categories before moving to more specific issues. This study also serves as an example of how phenomenographic analysis can be used to inform debate on syllabus design in general. Copyright 2004 ACM.

关键词： Data structures

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1/f^β noise-based real-time animation of trees swaying in wind fields

1/f<SUP>β</SUP> noise-based real-time animation of trees sw...

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computer Graphics International Conference (CGI 2003)

作者： Ota, S Fujimoto, T Tamura, M Muraoka, K Fujita, K Chiba, N Iwate Software Center Japan Computer Science Department Faculty of Engineering Iwate University Japan Department of Communications Engineering Tohoku Institute of Technology Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0769519466

Trees are one of the most important elements of natural landscapes. Therefore, in computer graphics, there is a great demand for methods to realize the natural representation of trees in virtual landscapes in various fields such as entertainment industry or environmental assessment in construction. Many studies have been made on techniques in which the shapes of trees are modeled but only a few studies have been reported on methods to incorporate the shapes with motions in a wind field. Most of these studies use physical simulation techniques based on the equations of motion to generate the branch motions and cannot realize the motions of individual leaves. In this paper, we propose a method to create the natural motions of individual leaves and branches swaying in a wind field. This method generates the leaf and branch motions based on "1/f(beta) noise", which is observed in various natural phenomena. For the branch motion, a simple simulation method based on the spring model is applied to enhance the realism of the motion. This method enables the real-time creation of the leaf and branch motions. Diverse motions according to tree species and shapes and wind conditions can be easily realized by controlling the parameters.

关键词： tree leaf motion wind 1/f(beta) noise real-time animation

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1/f/sup /spl beta// noise-based real-time animation of trees swaying in wind fields

1/f/sup /spl beta// noise-based real-time animation of trees...

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computer Graphics International

作者： S. Ota M. Tamura K. Fujita T. Fujimoto K. Muraoka N. Chiba Iwate Software Center Inc. Japan Computer Science Department Faculty of Engineering Iwate University Japan Department of Communications Engineering Tohoku Institute of Technology Japan

Trees are one of the most important elements of natural landscapes. Therefore, in computer graphics, there is a great demand for methods to realize the natural representation of trees in virtual landscapes in various fields such as entertainment industry or environmental assessment in construction. Many studies have been made on techniques in which the shapes of trees are modeled but only a few studies have been reported on methods to incorporate the shapes with motions in a wind field. Most of these studies use physical simulation techniques based on the equations of motion to generate the branch motions and cannot realize the motions of individual leaves. We propose a method to create the natural motions of individual leaves and branches swaying in a wind field. This method generates the leaf and branch motions based on "1/f/sup /spl beta// noise", which is observed in various natural phenomena. For the branch motion, a simple simulation method based on the spring model is applied to enhance the realism of the motion. This method enables the real-time creation of the leaf and branch motions. Diverse motions according to tree species and shapes and wind conditions can be easily realized by controlling the parameters.

关键词： Tree graphs Shape control computer graphics computer industry Construction industry Equations Noise shaping Noise generators Springs Motion control

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