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Shifting dynamics of self-immolation in the capital of Iran? The rising trend among young, unmarried, less-educated men

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Burns Open 2025年 11卷 100406-100406页

作者： Shokri, MohammadAli Khalili, SaeedehSadat Vahabie, Abdol-Hossein Ghanbari Jolfaei, Atefeh Keshavarz-Akhlaghi, Amir-Abbas Dehmardei, Mostafa Mirfazeli, Fatemeh Sadat National Brain Centre Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iraq Department of Neuroscience Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iraq Cognitive Systems Laboratory Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence (CIPCE) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iraq Mental Health Research Center Psychosocial Health Research Institute Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iraq School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iraq Department of Cognitive Sciences Faculty of Psychology and Education University of Tehran Tehran Iraq School of Cognitive Sciences Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Tehran Iraq

In our study, we aimed to explore the psychiatric disorders, risk factors, and predictors of self-immolation among individuals admitted to Shahid Motahari Hospital in Tehran from 2019 to 2020. This cross-sectional study examines 64 hospitalized patients who received psychiatric counseling following self-immolation incidents. The rate of self-immolation varies significantly based on specific demographics. It is observed that in our population men had a higher rate of being unmarried (70.96 % vs 15.15 %), lower levels of education (70.96 % vs 63.63 % did not have a university degree), higher level of unemployment (54.83 % vs 30.30 %), younger age average with most men aging 15–24 (29.06 (SD = 9.33)) vs women 35–44 (35.27(SD = 10.27)) and higher prevalence of addiction (67.74 % vs 36.36 %) compared to women. On the other hand, women who attempted self-immolation mainly were married, involved in housekeeping, and tended to exhibit higher rates of depression (63.63 % vs 32.25 %) than men. Furthermore, these self-immolation incidents are often impulsive (64.1 %) and occur shortly (under an hour) after experiencing a stressor (39.1 %). Self-immolation accidents are frequently carried out using gasoline (50 %). Geographically, the majority of self-immolation cases of our study are concentrated in the central region of Iran (76.6 %), followed by the western region (15.6 %) this may be due to the proximity of these regions to our center while patients of other regions were hospitalized in their referral hospitals and were rarely transferred to the capital. To effectively address the issue of self-immolation and reduce its prevalence, it is essential to identify vulnerable populations and explore targeted preventive measures. Based on our findings, future pilot studies could investigate the feasibility of specific interventions, such as crisis hotlines to reduce impulsivity-related acts of self-immolation. Additionally, small-scale feasibility projects could explore the effect

关键词： Contributing factors Psychiatric disorders Self-immolation

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Observations of data characteristics and irregularities through domain-oriented transformations of attributes 28th

Observations of data characteristics and irregularities thro...

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28th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent information and Engineering systems, KES 2024

作者： Stanczyk, Urszula Baron, Grzegorz Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland

The paper presents research dedicated to observations of relations between attribute properties and discretisation. In the investigations described, the gradually increasing sets of features were discretised by selected approaches, and several variants of data were constructed. The continuous, partially discrete, and completely translated datasets were explored by the chosen classifiers and their performance studied in the context of a number of discretised attributes, discretisation procedures, and the way of processing of features and datasets. The stylometric problem of authorship attribution was the machine learning task under study. The experimental results enable to observe closer the specificity of style-markers employed as characteristic features, and indicate conditions for efficient recognition of authorship. They can be extended to other application domains with similar characteristics. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Data assimilation

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Evaluation of importance for condition attributes based on quality of decision reducts 26

Evaluation of importance for condition attributes based on q...

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26th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering systems, KES 2022

作者： Stanczyk, Urszula Department of Graphics Computer Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland

Relative or decision reducts belong with mechanisms dedicated to feature selection, and they are embedded in rough set approach to data processing. Algorithms for reduct construction typically aim at dimensionality reduction aspect, searching for smallest reducts, which are considered as the most advantageous from the point of view of knowledge representation. However, classifiers build on reduced data models, based on reducts, can significantly vary in performance. Therefore, to ensure quality of predictions, other characteristics of reducts, apart from their cardinalities, need to be taken into account. The paper presents research in which estimation of reduct quality through their characteristics was reflected in calculation of the proposed weighting factors leading to attribute rankings. These rankings were next employed in the process of filtering decision rules, inferred by classic rough set approach. Constructed rule-based classifiers were applied in the stylometric domain to solve a task of authorship attribution. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 26th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information & Engineering systems (KES 2022)

关键词： Rough set theory

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Radiative parameters of steel slag for FeO content estimation using multispectral thermography system

Radiative parameters of steel slag for FeO content estimatio...

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作者： Strąkowski, Robert Pacholski, Krzysztof Więcek, Boguslaw Olbrycht, Robert Wittchen, Waclaw Borecki, Mariusz Institute of Electronics Faculty of Electrical Electronic Computer and Control Engineering Lodz University of Technology Lodz Poland Institute of Electrical Engineering Systems Faculty of Electrical Electronic Computer and Control Engineering Lodz University of Technology Lodz Poland Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy Gliwice Poland

The paper deals with the application of multispectral imaging to estimate steel quality directly after it is produced in the steelworks. In particular, thermal and visual cameras are used to estimate FeO content in the slag. This is done by analysis of the steel stream images that are acquired during discharge from an oxygenic converter. The analysis involves statistical analysis for determined primary and secondary radiative parameters of steel and slag. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.

关键词： Slags

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Should supervised discretisation always be trusted unreservedly? On combining characteristics of supervised and unsupervised discretisation algorithms in two-step processing 27

Should supervised discretisation always be trusted unreserve...

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27th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Sytems, KES 2023

作者： Stanczyk, Urszula Baron, Grzegorz Department of Graphics Computer Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland

The paper presents a description of the research methodology dedicated to a two-step discretisation process applied to the input numeric data, with combining the characteristics of selected supervised and unsupervised algorithms, which leads to extended processing of some attributes in train and test sets. The methodology was illustrated with the investigations carried out in the domain of stylometric analysis of texts, for two datasets prepared for the task of binary authorship attribution. The several variants of transformed input data obtained were subjected to exploration using two selected machine learning methods capable of inducing knowledge from both continuous and categorical forms, namely the PART and J48 classifiers. The results from the experiments indicate that, as can be expected, supervised transformations of data work well enough, however, they do not always return the best outcome. The two-step processing of some attributes shows sufficient promise to warrant a closer study, as opposed to always unconditionally relying only on supervised algorithms as outperforming all other approaches. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

关键词： Authorship attribution Data representation Pattern recognition Stylometry Supervised discretisation Unsupervised discretisation

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How transformations of representation for input data can affect the properties of induced decision reducts and rules 27

How transformations of representation for input data can aff...

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27th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Sytems, KES 2023

Decision reducts and rules belong to forms used for the representation of knowledge learnt from input data while using a rough set approach in the exploration stage. As with any patterns that capture properties of data, the size is considered as the most important indicator of their quality, as a more general and concise description allows for improved understanding and simplified interpretation. The size of a reduct is given by its cardinality, and for a rule it is a number of included conditions, both referred to as lengths. These lengths undergo transformations along with data transformations, so such processing as discretisation leads to changed characteristics of existing patterns and through them also reducts and rules. The paper presents research with contributions in the observations focused on the influence of supervised and unsupervised discretisation on properties of attributes, induced decision reducts, and rules, offering a deeper insight into relations among them. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

关键词： Data exploration decision reduct decision rule discretisation knowledge representation rough set theory transformation

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Performance evaluation for ranking-based discretisation 24

Performance evaluation for ranking-based discretisation

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24th KES International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering systems, KES 2020

作者： Baron, Grzegorz Stanczyk, Urszula Department of Graphics Computer Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland

Discretisation often constitutes a part of initial data preparation stage. It translates continuous domain of features into granular, by assigning a number of intervals to represent attributes' values by nominal categories. Typically all real-valued features are subjected to transformations, regardless of their characteristics. The paper presents research on discretisation executed with a discerning approach. To all available attributes, feature selection mechanisms were employed, in the form of rankings that order variables based on their importance. Exploiting this discovered knowledge on attributes, discretisation was then driven by a ranking, and either highest or lowest ranking features were selected for transformation. The influence of selective discretisation on the performance of classification systems was studied for three popular inducers. The procedure was employed in the field of stylometry, and a task of authorship recognition, considered as a binary classification with balanced classes. The experiments show that discretisation based on importance of features can lead to better performance than in the case of transformations applied to all attributes. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Feature Selection

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Domain-specific data characteristics: A study on meaning of stylometric sub-concepts and in-class imbalance 28th

Domain-specific data characteristics: A study on meaning of ...

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28th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent information and Engineering systems, KES 2024

作者： Stanczyk, Urszula Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland

In the context of data imbalance probably the most investigated problem is imbalance of classes, as learning from the data with this characteristic makes detection of existing patterns for all classes more difficult. However, other problems related to imbalance also exists and the paper addresses such cases where classes are balanced, but there is in-class imbalance. Such imbalance can be caused by uneven representation of sub-concepts. When there is a noticeable difference between the numbers of samples belonging to sub-concepts, this can turn the under-represented sub-concepts into disjuncts. Data irregularities of this type can hinder recognition, therefore actions are typically taken to restore balance. In the investigations described, the issue was studied in the stylometric domain and various classifiers were applied to the data that was balanced, then imbalanced, and finally with restored balance. The experiments show that the specifics of the domain of application can put its own mark on the data which is difficult to overcome by standard processing such as under- or oversampling. Observed dependence on a learner and dataset makes the issue even more complex and layered, and shows the need for deeper studies. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Data assimilation

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On heterogeneity or sub-classes aspect in construction of stylometric input datasets 26

On heterogeneity or sub-classes aspect in construction of st...

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26th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering systems, KES 2022

Stylometric analysis of texts relies on learning characteristic traits of writing styles for authors. Once these patterns are discovered, they can be compared to the ones present in other text samples, to recognise their authorship. This recognition can be compromised if input datasets are prepared without taking into consideration possible stratification of the input space, leading to specific grouping of datapoints, or sub-classes within distinguished classes. The paper shows research dedicated to construction of various structures of input datasets, and combinations of such structures between train and test sets. In the research the influence of different stratification forms on the performance of selected popular classification systems was observed. To minimise the number of influencing factors, a task of authorship attribution was performed as binary classification with balanced classes. Stylometric descriptors exploited belonged to lexical and syntactic group, giving frequencies of occurrence for chosen style-markers. It resulted in real-valued attributes and these values were explored without applying discretisation, in order to avoid the possible bias of this procedure on observations. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 26th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information & Engineering systems (KES 2022)

关键词： Knowledge based systems

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Method for processes parallelization on second level

Method for processes parallelization on second level

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作者： Nakov, Ognian Borovska, Plamenka Angelova, Nadejda Stoichkov, Filip Faculty of Computer Systems and Control Technical University of Sofia boul. 8 Kliment Ohridski Sofia 1000 Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9789604741663

The paper treats parallelisms, the utilization of which results in performance improvement of computing platforms that execute multiple processes concurrently. A new method for processes parallelization on second level is suggested which utilizes the standard Process Pool. The queues are served in a round-robin fashion and processes of the various queues are submitted to the classical Process Pool to insure fairness of service for the processes. The implementation of the method implies constructing a library that distributes the asynchronously incoming work items from batches and places them in the corresponding parallel queues on the basis of specified criteria.

关键词： Software engineering

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