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AI-based Adaptive Programming Education for Socially Disadvantaged Students: Bridging the Digital Divide

TechTrends 2025年 1-18页

作者： Katona, Jozsef Gyonyoru, Klara Ida Katonane Department of Software Development and Application Institute of Computer Engineering University of Dunaujvaros Dunaujvaros Hungary Institute of Electronics and Communication Systems Kandó Kálmán Faculty of Electrical Engineering Obuda University Budapest Hungary GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science John Von Neumann University Kecskemet Hungary Department of Applied Quantitative Methods Faculty of Finance and Accountancy Budapest University of Economics and Business Budapest Hungary Department of Organizational Development and Communication Science Institute of Social Sciences University of Dunaujvaros Dunaujvaros Hungary

In the context of the digital economy, programming proficiency is an essential competency that promotes upward socio-economic mobility and expands career opportunities. However, students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds often face significant barriers to acquiring these skills, such as limited access to technology and educational resources. This study explores the impact of AI-based adaptive programming education on socially disadvantaged students' learning outcomes and engagement levels. The 122 participants in the research were divided into an experimental group (EG) that received AI-driven adaptive instruction, and a control group (CG) taught through the traditional curriculum during the 13-week experimental period. In the research, the combined pre-test/post-test assessments and self-report engagement questionnaires were used to focus on behavioural, emotional, and cognitive engagement. The findings showed that the EG demonstrated higher levels in programming knowledge and full-scale engagement across behavioural, emotional, and cognitive dimensions compared to the CG. This difference was confirmed through ANOVA, while ANCOVA, which controlled for students' socio-economic factors, further confirmed that the AI system had a positive impact on students’ results regardless of their socio-economic background. Indeed, current research findings suggest that AI-based adaptive learning environments can hold a promising opportunity to narrow educational gaps, boost engagement, and contribute toward better learning outcomes for socially disadvantaged students. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Adaptive learning AI-based education Disadvantaged students Programming education Student engagement

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Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Antennas for Smart Urban Agriculture

Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Antennas f...

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2024 IEEE Conference on Advanced Topics on Measurement and Simulation, ATOMS 2024

作者： Atanasov, Nikolay Atanasov, Blagovest Atanasova, Gabriela South-West University "Neofit Rilski" Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Blagoevgrad Bulgaria Technical University of Sofia Faculty of Telecommunications Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358377

The fast adoption of "smart"urban agriculture, where food is grown in a controlled environment using advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things and 5G, has led to increased demand for new antenna designs on unconventional substrates with unique shapes. This paper presents the design, optimization, fabrication, and testing of a novel low-cost and environmentally friendly ladybird-shaped monopole antenna for potential applications in "smart"urban agriculture. The antenna geometry was optimized on several unconventional biodegradable substrates, such as 3D-printed substrates from polylactic acid filaments and paper substrates. In addition, the impact of the electromagnetic parameters of biodegradable substrates on antenna performance is investigated. The stages of the fabrication process of the antenna prototypes on different substrates are presented. Measured results show good agreement with simulations. A future goal is to integrate the proposed antenna into IoT urban agriculture systems, such as an automated irrigation system that uses а wireless exchange of soil moisture data. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Monopole antennas

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Multi-objective Cluster-head-based Energy-aware Routing using a Separable Convolution Neural Network in a Wireless Sensor Network

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2024年第2期13卷 105-112页

作者： Ather, Danish Mary, J. Prisca Singh, Pooja Garg, Kanika Priyadharshini, T.R. Princy, B. Anni Tiwari, Mohit Department of IT and Engineering Amity University in Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering NPR College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Dindigul India Department of Physics Faculty of Science SGT University Haryana Gurugram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology NCR Campus Ghaziabad Modinagar India Department of Information Technology Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology Pollachi main road Coimbatore India Department of Computer and Communication Panimalar Engineering College Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering Delhi India

Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications are added day by day owing to numerous global uses (by the military, for monitoring the atmosphere, in disaster relief, and so on). Here, trust management is a main challenge. Sensor nodes are important in wireless sensor networks, but they are easily depleted because of their short lifespan from continuous sensing activity and low battery capacity. So efficient energy utilization is a challenging task in a WSN. To minimize energy loss, clustering with an optimum path selection process is needed to retain energy in sensor nodes. This manuscript proposes multi-objective Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) routing to maintain energy efficiency and minimize transmission distances in wireless sensor networks. A cluster head (CH) is selected by using a Separable Convolution Neural Network (SCNN). Simulation outcomes prove the proposed technique attains 22.3% and 25.04% improvements in energy consumption when compared to the Multi-Objective CH Energy-aware Optimized Routing Approach at WSN (MOCH-EORA-WSN) and Multiple Optimum Cluster Head Multi-Objective Grasshopper Optimization with Harmony-search at WSN (MOCH-MOGOH-WSN), respectively. © 2024 Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy utilization

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Intrusion Detection in the IoT-Fog Adopting the GRU and CNN: A Deep Learning-Based Approach 6th

Intrusion Detection in the IoT-Fog Adopting the GRU and CNN:...

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6th International Conference on Microelectronics and Telecommunication engineering, ICMETE 2022

作者： Al-Khuzaie, Zahraa Majeed Albermany, Salah A. K. AbdlNibe, Mohammed Ahmed Computer Science Department University of Kufa Najaf Iraq Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Kufa Kufa Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9789811995118

The main objective of this research is to utilize the technologies of cloud computing in the applications of the IoT. The IoT network is divided into three layers: the cloud computing layer, the edge layer, and the fog layer. More than twenty-five million devices are connected to the fog layer leading to an increase in data traffic in the network in general. As a result, there will be an increase in the number of attacks. Therefore, protecting the data of the IoT and detecting attacks are indispensable. Since new types of attacks frequently emerge, intrusion detecting systems (IDSs) have to be developed to counteract the new types of attacks. However, built upon the principles of deep learning and machine learning, most of the current IDSs are based on predicting the probability of an attack. The most commonly used IDSs are the KNN and the SVN. Such IDSs suffer from low accuracy rates in attacks detection, time consumption, and a large number of false alarms. Thus, this paper suggests a new model of deep learning that is built upon combining two algorithms: the convolution neural network (CNN) and the gated recurrent unit network (GRU). Additionally, two types of datasets are utilized: the NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15. These datasets are categorized in accordance with multiclass classification. The suggested model provides a better detection rate in comparison with the other models. It achieves a detection rate that is 1.5 more accurate than the other IDSs. Also, it exhibits fewer false alarms, and it provides less time for detection rate. The achieved results of the suggested model are due to utilizing the technologies of deep learning and machine learning. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Intrusion detection

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Coverage Probability of EH-enabled LoRa networks - A Deep Learning Approach

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Industrial Networks and Intelli...

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EAI Endorsed Transactions on Industrial Networks and Intelligent Systems 2025年第2期12卷 1-11页

作者： Nguyen, Thi-Tuyet-Hai Hung, Tran Cong Son, Nguyen Hong Hanh, Tan Duy, Tran Trung Tu, Lam-Thanh Faculty of Information Technology Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology Viet Nam School of Computer Science & Engineering Saigon International University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Telecommunications Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology Viet Nam Communication and Signal Processing Research Group Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

The performance of energy harvesting (EH)-enabled long-range (LoRa) networks is analyzed in this work. Specifically, we employ deep learning (DL) to estimate the coverage probability (Pcov) of the considered networks. Our study incorporates a general fading distribution, specifically the Nakagami-m distribution, and utilizes tools from stochastic geometry (SG) to model the spatial distributions of all nodes and end-devices (EDs) with EH capability. The DL approach is employed to overcome the limitations of model-based methods that can only evaluate the Pcov under simplified network conditions. Therefore, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) that estimates the Pcov with high accuracy compared to the ground truth values. Additionally, we demonstrate that DL significantly outperforms the Monte Carlo simulation approach in terms of resource consumption, including time and memory. © (2025), (European Alliance for Innovation). All rights reserved.

关键词： Coverage probability deep learning energy harvesting long range power beacon

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The Future of Online Shopping: Blockchain- Powered E-Commerce Platforms

The Future of Online Shopping: Blockchain- Powered E-Commerc...

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2024 International Conference on Signal Processing, Computation, Electronics, Power and Telecommunication, IConSCEPT 2024

作者： Kiran, Ajmeera Sri, Nemani Divya Ayyasamy, Ramesh Kumar Chinnasamy, P. Vellanki, Sreelakshmi Vujwala, Maddula MLR Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hyderabad India Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Kampar Malaysia School of Computing Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamilnadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540685

A cutting-edge online marketplace that uses blockchain technology to transform how we purchase and sell goods and services is known as a blockchain- powered e-commerce platform. This platform uses a decentralized network of computers, also known as nodes, to maintain a transparent and impenetrable record of all transactions instead of depending on a central authority like a bank or a company. A blockchain-based e-commerce platform is a secure, transparent, and trusted online marketplace. It does away with the need for intermediaries, improves security, and provides a world market where users can confidently conduct peer-to-peer transactions. This novel strategy could change how online commerce and shopping are performed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Marketplaces

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Comprehensive analysis of multiple machine learning techniques for rock slope failure prediction

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第11期16卷 4386-4398页

作者： Arsalan Mahmoodzadeh Abed Alanazi Adil Hussein Mohammed Hawkar Hashim Ibrahim Abdullah Alqahtani Shtwai Alsubai Ahmed Babeker Elhag Department of Civil Engineering University of HalabjaHalabjaKurdistan Region46018Iraq Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences in Al-KharjPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 151Al-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringCihan University-ErbilKurdistan RegionIraq Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringSalahaddin University-Erbil44002ErbilKurdistan RegionIraq Software Engineering Department College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 151Al-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia

In this study,twelve machine learning(ML)techniques are used to accurately estimate the safety factor of rock slopes(SFRS).The dataset used for developing these models consists of 344 rock slopes from various open-pit mines around Iran,evenly distributed between the training(80%)and testing(20%)*** models are evaluated for accuracy using Janbu's limit equilibrium method(LEM)and commercial tool GeoStudio *** assessment metrics show that the random forest model is the most accurate in estimating the SFRS(MSE=0.0182,R2=0.8319)and shows high agreement with the results from the LEM *** results from the long-short-term memory(LSTM)model are the least accurate(MSE=0.037,R2=0.6618)of all the models ***,only the null space support vector regression(NuSVR)model performs accurately compared to the practice mode by altering the value of one parameter while maintaining the other parameters *** is suggested that this model would be the best one to use to calculate the SFRS.A graphical user interface for the proposed models is developed to further assist in the calculation of the SFRS for engineering *** this study,we attempt to bridge the gap between modern slope stability evaluation techniques and more conventional analysis methods.

关键词： Rock slope stability Open-pit mines Machine learning(ML) Limit equilibrium method(LEM)

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The Analysis of Device-to-Device (D2D) communication System Operating in 5G Underlaying Cellular Networks on Multiple Bands over Nakagami-m Fading Channels

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SN computer Science 2025年第5期6卷 1-15页

作者： Shatnawi, Razan A. Khodeir, Mahmoud A. Al-Mistarihi, Mamoun F. Darabkh, Khalid A. Al-Zuraiqi, Eyad T. Qasaymeh, Mahmoud M. Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology P.O. Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan Computer Engineering Department School of Engineering The University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan Department of Telecommunications Engineering Hijjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology Yarmouk University P.O. Box 566 Irbid 21163 Jordan Computer Engineering and Communication Department Tafila Technical University Tafila 66110 Jordan

In contrast to traditional cellular connection, device-to-device (D2D) communication is a direct connection amidst adjacent mobile users that does not pass through the base station (BS) and does not rely on network infrastructure to meet low power requirements and high data rate. Cellular networks and D2D connections were combined in underlay mode to address power usage concerns. In underlay D2D communication, licensed frequency bands are utilized by both D2D and cellular connections;due to resource sharing, these bands may overlap, which lowers service quality but boosts spectral efficiency. Most existing research exclusively discuss energy efficiency (EE) in the context of single cells. This article has taken into account the entire cellular network with D2D connections on various bands, and stochastic geometric theory has been used in order to obtain closed form expressions for the probability of successful transmission (STP), the average sum rate (ASR), and EE for D2D connection underlaid cellular networks over Nakagami-m fading channels. Results of simulations are used to validate analytical conclusions. Simulation results demonstrate that higher STP, higher ASR, and lower EE all result in enhanced system performance. In addition, as the shape parameter’s value m (Nakagami-m order) increases, the EE, ASR, and STP of D2D users improve, which enhances system performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Device-to-device communication Energy efficiency Nakagami-m fading channel Stochastic geometry

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Reinforcement Learning with an Ensemble of Binary Action Deep Q-Networks

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computer Systems Science & engineering 2023年第9期46卷 2651-2666页

作者： A.M.Hafiz M.Hassaballah Abdullah Alqahtani Shtwai Alsubai Mohamed Abdel Hameed Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Institute of TechnologyUniversity of KashmirSrinagarJ&K190006India Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationSouth Valley UniversityQenaEgypt College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkhrjKSA Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationLuxor UniversityLuxorEgypt

With the advent of Reinforcement Learning(RL)and its continuous progress,state-of-the-art RL systems have come up for many challenging and real-world *** the scope of this area,various techniques are found in the *** such notable technique,Multiple Deep Q-Network(DQN)based RL systems use multiple DQN-based-entities,which learn together and communicate with each *** learning has to be distributed wisely among all entities in such a scheme and the inter-entity communication protocol has to be carefully *** more complex DQNs come to the fore,the overall complexity of these multi-entity systems has increased many folds leading to issues like difficulty in training,need for high resources,more training time,and difficulty in fine-tuning leading to performance *** a cue from the parallel processing found in the nature and its efficacy,we propose a lightweight ensemble based approach for solving the core RL *** uses multiple binary action DQNs having shared state and *** benefits of the proposed approach are overall simplicity,faster convergence and better performance compared to conventional DQN based *** approach can potentially be extended to any type of DQN by forming its *** extensive experimentation,promising results are obtained using the proposed ensemble approach on OpenAI Gym tasks,and Atari 2600 games as compared to recent *** proposed approach gives a stateof-the-art score of 500 on the Cartpole-v1 task,259.2 on the LunarLander-v2 task,and state-of-the-art results on four out of five Atari 2600 games.

关键词： Deep Q-networks ensemble learning reinforcement learning OpenAI Gym environments

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Implementation of Secure and Verifiable Access Control Procedures using the NTRU Cryptosystem to Store Big Data in the Cloud Environment

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Recent Patents on engineering 2025年第2期19卷 57-70页

作者： Babu B, Ravindra Saxena, Swati Widjaja, Gunawan Vinodha D, Vedha Omarov, Batyrkhan Ramaiah, Gurumurthy B. Vats, Prashant Adama Ethiopia Department of Computer Science KCG College of Technology Chennai India Universitas Krisnadwipayana Jawa Barat 13077 Indonesia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JCT College Of Engineering and Technology Pichanur Coimbatore India International University of Tourism and Hospitality Turkistan Kazakhstan Technical and Vocational Training Institute Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology SGT University Haryana Gurugram India

Background: Due to their complexity and size, deploying ciphertexts for clouds is considered the most useful approach to accessing large data stores. Methods: However, access to a user's access legitimacy and improving a decrypted text on the cloud depending on an improved access policy (AP) specified by the data owner are the key challenges for making large data storage realistic and effective in clouds. The traditional ways either totally remove the problem of AP development or offer renewal to arbiter power, but in real-time, enhancing the AP is essential to maximising security and handling agility. Results: In this patent paper, a safe and verifiable access control program characterised by the NTRU cryptographic system for large storage of data in the clouds is proposed. Primarily, an improved NTRU decryption protocol to deal with the decryption failures of the prime NTRU is established, and in addition, the program is analysed for its security strength and computational performance. When a new AP is specified by the data owner, the cloud server allows the program to improve ciphertext and allows the owner to verify the upgrade to oppose the cloud's fraudulent behaviour. Conclusion: It enables (i) checking the user's legitimacy to access the data owner and qualified users, and (ii) allowing the user to verify the data provided by other users for the recovery of the right user. Strong analysis can prevent and block delinquency from various attacks, namely the collusion attack that could potentially target fraud users. © 2025 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Cloud security

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