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3rd International Conference on Emerging Smart Technologies and Applications, eSmarTA 2023

作者： Faraj Al Khattat, Vailet Hikmat Ahmad Anas, Siti Barirah Saif, Abdu Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering UPM Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia Taiz University Faculty of Engineering and It Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Yemen

ISBN: (纸本)9798350305333

The obvious and accelerator trend towards efficient green technology in a modern technological revolution time makes visible light communication (VLC) a solution key to meeting this growth. Besides the illumination function, VLC uses for data transmission at high speed with the lowest cost due to utilizing the infrastructure that already exists. As a result of VLC's multiple features, it had been used in the indoor positioning system (IPS) in many pieces of research to obtain a high accuracy without conflict with the Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum besides it providing high security from any penetrating. However, achieving good performance parameters is essential and fundamental in evaluating the effectiveness of any indoor system that many pieces of research neglected and concentrated more on the positioning accuracy aspect. This paper investigates and analyses the performance of the indoor system that is designed and developed based on a VLC and proves its effectiveness through a comprehensive evaluation. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and path loss are the performance parameters that are investigated in this system by varying the transmitted power, incidence angles, and Lambertian mode number in the line of sight (LOS) scenario. The examined system consists of one light-emitting diode (LED) in a 3D typical room and one photodiode (PD) in different ten locations along the half-diagonal line towards the corner. Utilizing a single LED in this system is important to avoid the interference that occurs when utilizing multiple LEDs;besides, it is more convenient in the indoor environment. The obtained results by MATLAB simulation show the reliable and effective performance of the proposed developed VLC system design by achieving a good SNR with low path loss. Furthermore, the proposed system approach proves how the optimum position of PD is crucial to obtain a strong signal with the lowest ratio of noise and losses. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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A transformer based real-time photo captioning framework for visually impaired people with visual attention

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第41期83卷 88859-88878页

作者： Muhammed Kunju, Abubeker Kiliyanal Baskar, S. Zafar, Sherin A R, Bushara S, Rinesh A, Shafeena Karim Kerala Kanjirapally India Faculty of Engineering Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Coimbatore India Department of Computer and Electronics Engineering SEST- Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering KMEA College of Engineering Kerala Cochin India Department of Computer Science and Engineering V.S.B College of Engineering Technical Campus Coimbatore India

In recent years, transformer-based photo captioning frameworks plays a crucial role in improving individuals’ overall well-being, self-reliance, and inclusivity by giving them access to visual content via written and voiced explanations. This research investigates a two-layer transformer architecture to capture extensive relationships in visual data effectively. Using a two-layer transformer design, visual attention mechanism enables the model to autonomously identify relevant regions within a picture while generating a particular word within the anticipated caption. To get the features from the images, a pre-trained Inception V3 model is used, and the feature maps are extracted from the final convolutional block. The dataset used in this research was Flick8k, Flick30k, among bespoke datasets. The model was trained on a TPU platform and implemented on a Raspberry Pi 4B graphics processing unit. To assess the efficacy of the two-layer transformer model for photo captioning, a series of experiments were undertaken using benchmark datasets and with state-of-the-art models. The quality of the generated captions was evaluated using quantitative criteria such as BLEU, BLEUR, ROUGE and F1 score. Furthermore, a series of qualitative assessments were conducted, employing human evaluators, to measure the overall coherence, and fluency of the captions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： computer vision

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Performance Enhancement in Terms of BER and Data Rate of Next Generation Optical Networking System using Raman Amplifier 3

Performance Enhancement in Terms of BER and Data Rate of Nex...

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3rd International Conference on Integrated Circuits and communication Systems, ICICACS 2025

作者： Khant, Shailesh Makwana, Mayur Patel, Atul Patel, Dip Faculty of Computer Science and Applications Charusat Changa Anand India Faculty of Electronics and Communication Engineering Charusat Changa Anand India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508456

This study explores the integration of Raman optical amplifiers in a Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON) system to enhance high-speed data transmission. Traditional amplifiers like Erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and Semiconductor amplifier (SOA) face limitations in noise performance and gain efficiency over long distances. To address these challenges, a four-channel WDM-PON system was designed and simulated over a 50 km fiber link. Performance metrics, including Bit Error Rate (BER), Quality Factor (Q-Factor), and eye diagram characteristics, were analyzed. The results demonstrate that Raman amplification significantly reduces BER, improves Q-Factor, and enhances signal integrity, making it a robust solution for long-reach optical networks. This study contributes to the advancement of optical communication by showcasing the effectiveness of Raman amplifiers in supporting high-capacity, high-speed transmission. The main findings are Raman amplification is used for improving signal quality and network efficiency in next-generation optical systems and is better compared to other optical amplifiers. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Erbium doped fiber amplifiers

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Introduction to the Special Issue on Machine Learning-Guided Intelligent Modeling with Its Industrial Applications

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 7-11页

作者： Xiong Luo Yongqiang Cheng Zhifang Liao School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Faculty of Technology University of SunderlandSunderlandSR60DDUK School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China

With the advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technology,traditional industrial systems are undergoing an intelligent transformation,bringing together advanced computing,communication and control technologies,Machine Learning(ML)-based intelligentmodelling has become a newparadigm for solving problems in the industrial domain[1–3].With numerous applications and diverse data types in the industrial domain,algorithmic and data-driven ML techniques can intelligently learn potential correlations between complex data and make efficient decisions while reducing human ***,in real-world application scenarios,existing algorithms may have a variety of limitations,such as small data volumes,small detection targets,low efficiency,and algorithmic gaps in specific application domains[4].Therefore,many new algorithms and strategies have been proposed to address the challenges in industrial applications[5–8].

关键词： Intelligence bringing intelligent

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Design and Development of a Gamified Tutorial for iVR Serious Games 17

Design and Development of a Gamified Tutorial for iVR Seriou...

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17th European Conference on Games Based Learning, ECGBL 2023

作者： Miguel-Alonso, Ines Guillen-Sanz, Henar Rodriguez-Garcia, Bruno Bustillo, Andres Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Humanities and Communication University of Burgos Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781914587887

Serious games, including immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) experiences, can be challenging for players due to their unfamiliar control systems and mechanics. This study focuses on designing a gamified tutorial for iVR serious games that not only teaches iVR interactions but also enhances user enjoyment and engagement. The tutorial consists of progressively challenging mini-games that adapt to the user's performance. Tips and recommendations are provided through a robot avatar if users struggle or make mistakes. An optional narrative is included to enhance user engagement, but it is not mandatory for the iVR experience. Gamification elements, such as point collection and progress updates, are incorporated into the tutorial. It can be played independently or as an introduction to iVR serious games. The goal is to use gamification principles to maintain user engagement and flow while enhancing the learning experience in the virtual world. © 2023 Dechema e.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Serious games

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Ultra-Wideband Shaped-Chalice Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless communications Applications 3

Ultra-Wideband Shaped-Chalice Microstrip Patch Antenna for W...

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3rd International Conference on Emerging Smart Technologies and Applications, eSmarTA 2023

作者： Ali, Mohammed A. S. A. Shaddad, Redhwan Q. Taiz University Faculty of Engineering and It Dept. of Communication and Computer Engineering Taiz Yemen

ISBN: (纸本)9798350305333

The paper presents two compact ultra-wideband microstrip antennas for wireless communications applications. The antenna bandwidth is enhanced by sharping of upon part of ground and crop the two bottom edges of the patch sheet greatly improves the bandwidth. Two designs are of the same size and shape with a slight difference between them, both designs have the same size 30\times 26\times 1.6mm^{3} and are printed on FR-4 (flame resistant epoxy) material with height (h) of 1.6 mm, loss tangent (tan\delta) of 0.02 and dielectric constant (\varepsilon_{r}) of 4.4 and a 50-ohm feed line for the antenna is used. The first design that provides three bands, the first band of (3.3 - 11.88) GHz with resonant frequencies of 3.9/8.38/11.28 GHz, the second band of (15.9-19) GHz at 18 GHz resonant frequency, third band (21.47-25.44) GHz at 23.88 GHz resonant frequency. The second design provides three bands, the first band is (3.14-11.9) GHz with resonant frequencies of 3.8 / 5.3 / 8.4 / 11 GHz, the second band of(15.7-18.7) GHz at the resonant frequency of 17.9 GHz and the third band of (21-24.9) GHz at 23 GHz resonant frequency. The results and designed is applied by using HFSS software. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Natural frequencies

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An Empirical Study of Unanswered Python-Related Questions on Stack Overflow

An Empirical Study of Unanswered Python-Related Questions on...

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2024 International Conference on Information Technology Research and Innovation, ICITRI 2024

作者： Nugroho, Yusuf Sulistyo Halim, Salsabil Aisyah Abdul Islam, Syful Kurniawan, Yogiek Indra Erlina, Tati Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Informatics Engineering Faculty of Communication and Informatics Surakarta Indonesia BSMRSTU Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gopalganj Bangladesh Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Informatics Engineering Faculty of Engineering Purwokerto Indonesia Universitas Andalas Computer Engineering Faculty of Information Technology Padang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376210

As a high-level programming language, Python supports user-friendly coding and system integration. It is not only used for data analytics but is also applied in software development. Although it has several benefits, users have various issues while running Python code. When programmers face issues, they often use Stack Overflow (SO) to get assistance for their problems. However, many Pythonrelated questions on SO are not responded to and remain unanswered. Thus, in this paper, we analyzed these unanswered questions to identify potential weaknesses of user and discussion characteristics. We applied a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative and qualitative analysis of user reputation, question types, and discussion topics. Our analysis shows that unanswered questions are mostly from low-reputation users (72.52%), followed by mid-reputation users (17.93%), and high-reputation users (9.5 5%). The distribution of the unanswered question types shows that low-reputation users ask more 'how' type of question (38.90%) followed by mid and high-reputation users. In contrast, the 'what' and 'why' questions are mostly posted by high-reputation users, followed by mid and low-reputation users. Our word-cloud analysis suggests a correlation between user reputation and the question topics. We acknowledge that there are limitations in our study, include potential misclassifications due to the time of posting and biases in manual labeling, which may affect the accuracy of our findings. This study provides insights into unanswered questions posted by the community, open up potential areas for future work such as improving support mechanisms and community engagement. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Python

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A Novel Framework for Gauging Information Extracted from Smartphones Using Neutrosophic Logic

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2025年 76卷 154-171页

作者： Abou Alzahab, R.M. Ismail, Amr Abd Elkhalik, S.H. Shams, M.Y. El-Bakry, H.M. Salama, A.A. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Port Said University Egypt Department of Cybersecurity College of Engineering and Information Technology Buraydah Private Colleges Buraydah51418 Saudi Arabia Department. of Communication and Computer Engineering Air Defense University Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt Department of Information Systems. Faculty of Computer and Information Science Mansoura University Egypt

Smartphones contain a vast amount of information about their users, which can be used as evidence in criminal cases. However, the sheer volume of data can make it challenging for forensic investigators to identify and use the most relevant information. Neutrosophic logic is a generalization of fuzzy logic that allows for uncertainty and vagueness, making it a more potent tool for dealing with the ambiguity of real-world data. The proposed framework aims to identify and utilize the most relevant information for forensic investigators, making it easier to solve criminal cases using Neutrosophic logic. This novel approach provides a more powerful tool for dealing with the ambiguity of smartphone data, ultimately improving the accuracy and effectiveness of forensic investigations. Our research has utilized Neutrosophic logic to evaluate the degree of truth, falsity, or Indeterminacy of this information. Additionally, this study analyzes conversations between individuals using Excel’s fuzzy lookup add-in to determine the percentage of truth and false in each conversation. The results were compiled into a dataset and utilized a Neutrosophic Python code to evaluate the information. The results indicate the percentage of truth, false, and Indeterminacy in each conversation and which can be used to determine its admissibility as evidence and which not. © 2025, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smartphones

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Survey and Tutorial on Hybrid Human-Artificial Intelligence

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第3期28卷 486-499页

作者： Feifei Shi Fang Zhou Hong Liu Liming Chen Huansheng Ning School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Faculty of Computing Ulster UniversityNewtownabbey BT370QBUK

The growing computing power,easy acquisition of large-scale data,and constantly improved algorithms have led to a new wave of artificial intelligence(AI)applications,which change the ways we live,manufacture,and do *** with this development,a rising concern is the relationship between AI and human intelligence,namely,whether AI systems may one day overtake,manipulate,or replace *** this paper,we introduce a novel concept named hybrid human-artificial intelligence(H-AI),which fuses human abilities and AI capabilities into a unified *** presents a challenging yet promising research direction that prompts secure and trusted AI innovations while keeping humans in the loop for effective *** scientifically define the concept of H-AI and propose an evolution road map for the development of AI toward *** then examine the key underpinning techniques of H-AI,such as user profile modeling,cognitive computing,and human-in-the-loop machine ***,we discuss H-AI’s potential applications in the area of smart homes,intelligent medicine,smart transportation,and smart ***,we conduct a critical analysis of current challenges and open gaps in H-AI,upon which we elaborate on future research issues and directions.

关键词： hybrid human-artificial intelligence(H-AI) Internet of Things(IoT) artificial intelligence(AI)

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Mutual character dialogue generation with semi-supervised multitask learners and awareness

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第3期16卷 1357-1363页

作者： Ahrari Khalaf, Ayesheh Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha Olowolayemo, Akeem Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information and Communication Technology International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Consistent efforts have been ongoing to improve the friendliness and reliability of informal dialogue systems. However, most research focuses solely on mimicking human-like answers. Therefore, the interlocutors’ awareness features of the dialogue system are left unexplored. Meanwhile, cognitive science research reveals that awareness is a crucial indicator of an effective, high-quality informal conversation. This research aims to boost the quality of the conversational generation system by factoring in awareness of the interlocutors in the design and training of the dialogue system model. The Generative Pre-Trained Transformer-2 (GPT-2) model was implemented into the Persona Perception (P²) Bot to achieve the objectives of this study. This was to precisely develop model's understanding, P² Bot was implemented using a transmitter–receiver-based structure. The P² Bot leverages mutual persona awareness to improve the quality of customized dialogue generation. GPT-2 is a 1.5B parameter transformer model that produces state-of-the-art accuracy in a zero-shot setting on seven of the eight evaluated language modeling datasets. The observations of the proposed model on a sizable open-source dataset, PERSONA-CHAT, proved successful, with improvement above the state-of-the-art baselines in both automatic measures and human assessments. The model has achieved 82.2% accuracy on Hits@1 performance metrics in the original data and 68.8% on the revised data. On the human evaluation, the model scored an average of 2.66, pointing out that the responses provided were coherent and informative. A dialogue generation model with character and awareness which can communicate like an informative human expert was introduced. This study presents the submerging of GPT-2 model on a mutual persona perception dialogue generating model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Cognitive science Conversational agent Dialogue generation Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 (GPT-2) Natural language understanding (NLU)

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