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Emotion Recognition System via Facial Expressions and Speech Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques

SN computer Science 2023年第4期4卷 363页

作者： Chaudhari, Aayushi Bhatt, Chintan Nguyen, Thanh Thi Patel, Nisarg Chavda, Kirtan Sarda, Kalind U & P U. Patel Department of Computer Engineering Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of Technology Charotar University of Science And Technology (CHARUSAT) Gujarat Changa 388421 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy University Knowledge Corridor Gujarat Gandhinagar 382007 India School of Information Technology Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment Deakin University Victoria 3216 Australia Bishop University 2600 College St Sherbrooke J1M 1Z7 QC Canada Crest Data Systems Private Limited Gandhinagar Highway Makarba Gujarat Ahmedabad 380051 India Programmer Analyst Meditab Software Pvt Ltd Kalasagar Mall Ghatlodiya Gujarat Ahmedabad 380061 India

Patients in hospitals frequently exhibit psychological issues such as sadness, pessimism, eccentricity, and anxiety. However, hospitals normally lack tools and facilities to continuously monitor the psychological health of patients. It is desirable to identify depression in patients so that it can be managed by instantly providing better therapy. This can be possible by advances in machine learning for image processing with notable applications in the domain of emotion recognition using facial expressions. In this paper, we have proposed two different methods, i.e. facial expression detection and voice analysis, to predict emotions. For facial expression recognition, we have used two approaches, one is the use of Gabor filters for feature extraction with support vector machine for classification and another is using convolutional neural network (CNN). For voice analysis, we extracted mel-frequency cepstral coefficients from speech data and, based on those features, predicted the emotions of the speech using a CNN model. Experimental results show that our proposed emotion recognition methods obtained high accuracy and thus could be potentially deployed to real-world applications. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： CNN Deep learning Expressions Facial emotion Machine learning Speech SVM

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Boundary-Guided Learning for Gene Expression Prediction in Spatial Transcriptomics

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Qu, Mingcheng Wu, Yuncong Di, Donglin Su, Anyang Su, Tonghua Song, Yang Fan, Lei Faculty of Computing Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Space AI Li Auto Beijing China College of Software Jilin University Changchun China Computer Science and Engineering UNSW Sydney Australia

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has emerged as an advanced technology that provides spatial context to gene expression. Recently, deep learning-based methods have shown the capability to predict gene expression from WSI data using ST data. Existing approaches typically extract features from images and the neighboring regions using pretrained models, and then develop methods to fuse this information to generate the final output. However, these methods often fail to account for the cellular structure similarity, cellular density and the interactions within the microenvironment. In this paper, we propose a framework named BG-TRIPLEX, which leverages boundary information extracted from pathological images as guiding features to enhance gene expression prediction from WSIs. Specifically, our model consists of three branches: the spot, in-context and global branches. In the spot and in-context branches, boundary information, including edge and nuclei characteristics, is extracted using pretrained models. These boundary features guide the learning of cellular morphology and the characteristics of microenvironment through Multi-head Cross-Attention. Finally, these features are integrated with global features to predict the final output. Extensive experiments were conducted on three public ST datasets and the Visium dataset. The results demonstrate that our BG-TRIPLEX consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC). This method highlights the crucial role of boundary features in understanding the complex interactions between WSI and gene expression, offering a promising direction for future research. Codes are available at: https://***/WcloudC0416/BG-TRIPLEX. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gene expression

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Boundary-Guided Learning for Gene Expression Prediction in Spatial Transcriptomics

Boundary-Guided Learning for Gene Expression Prediction in S...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Mingcheng Qu Yuncong Wu Donglin Di Anyang Su Tonghua Su Yang Song Lei Fan Faculty of Computing Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Space AI Li Auto Beijing China College of Software Jilin University Changchun China Computer Science and Engineering UNSW Sydney Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350386226

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386233

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has emerged as an advanced technology that provides spatial context to gene expression. Recently, deep learning-based methods have shown the capability to predict gene expression from WSI data using ST data. Existing approaches typically extract features from images and the neighboring regions using pretrained models, and then develop methods to fuse this information to generate the final output. However, these methods often fail to account for the cellular structure similarity, cellular density and the interactions within the *** this paper, we propose a framework named BG-TRIPLEX, which leverages boundary information extracted from pathological images as guiding features to enhance gene expression prediction from WSIs. Specifically, our model consists of three branches: the spot, in-context and global branches. In the spot and in-context branches, boundary information, including edge and nuclei characteristics, is extracted using pretrained models. These boundary features guide the learning of cellular morphology and the characteristics of microenvironment through Multi-Head Cross-Attention. Finally, these features are integrated with global features to predict the final *** experiments were conducted on three public ST datasets. The results demonstrate that our BG-TRIPLEX consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC). This method highlights the crucial role of boundary features in understanding the complex interactions between WSI and gene expression, offering a promising direction for future research. Codes are available at: https://***/WcloudC0416/BG-TRIPLEX

关键词： Learning systems Pathology Technological innovation Image edge detection Transcriptomics Morphology Predictive models Feature extraction Gene expression Data mining

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Evaluating BERT-based Pre-training Language Models for Detecting Misinformation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Anggrainingsih, Rini Hassan, Ghulam Mubashar Datta, Amitava Informatics Dept Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sebelas Maret University Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Western Australia Australia

The rapid growth of internet technology and social media platforms has led to rapid changes in communication by providing many conveniences to users. Despite the comforts provided, it is challenging to control the quality of information due to the lack of supervision over all the information posted on online media. For instance, there are many problems in society because of the numerous rumours and the quick spread of fake news through online media. Manual checking is almost impossible given the vast number of posts made on online media and how quickly they spread. Therefore, there is a need for automated rumour detection technique to limit the adverse effects of spreading misinformation. Previous studies mainly focused on finding and extracting the significant features of text data and used standard supervised learning techniques or deep learning approaches to identify misinformation. However, extracting features is timeconsuming and not a highly effective process due to the nonavailability of some features, affecting the effectiveness and performance of the detection models. Therefore, this study proposes the BERT-based pre-trained language models to encode text data into vectors and utilise neural network models to classify these vectors to detect misinformation. Furthermore, the performance of different language models (LM) containing different number of trainable parameters were compared, including RoBERTa, BERT, and DistillBERT. The proposed technique is tested on different twitter and fake news datasets to represent short and long text data respectively. The study also proposes a standardised distribution ratio for taining, validation and testing of the model. The result of the proposed technique has been compared with the state-of-the-art techniques on the same datasets. The results show that the proposed technique performs better than the state-of-the-art techniques. Moreover, the choice of LM either with significantly large or small number of parameters do

关键词： Social networking (online)

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Determinants of under-five mortality in Zimbabwe: Evidence from the 2015–2016 Zimbabwe demographic Health Survey data

Women and Children Nursing

引用

Women and Children Nursing 2024年第1期2卷 1-8页

作者： Elliot Mbunge Garikayi Chemhaka Tafadzwa Dzinamarira Enos Moyo Stephen Fashoto Benhildah Muchemwa Jolly Buwerimwe Ester Petrus Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Eswatini Kwaluseni Campus Kwaluseni M201 South Africa Department of Statistics and Demography Faculty of Social Sciences University of Eswatini Kwaluseni Campus Kwaluseni M201 South Africa School of Health Systems and Public Health University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa StellenBosch University Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa Software Department Faculty of ICT International University of Management Windhoek Namibia

Background Child mortality is an important measure of a population’s health status. It is included in the third sustainable development goal that aims to improve global health by reducing under-five mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1000 live births by 2030. The study determines the factors associated with under-five child mortality in Zimbabwe. Methods Cross-sectional secondary data from the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS) were analyzed. The sample included 5,806 women aged 15–49 years of reproductive age. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the association between child death and independent variables. We identified the individual and contextual factors associated with child deaths in Zimbabwe using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results The risks of under-five mortality were highest among children of first birth order (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 2.37, P = 0.04), multiple births (aHR = 2.37, P = 0.04), mothers with primary or less maternal education (aHR = 1, Ref), mothers below 18 years old (aHR = 1, Ref), apostolic mothers (aHR = 2.90, P = 0.002), mothers who do not use contraceptives (aHR = 2.20, P < 0.001), formerly married women (aHR = 6.42, P = 0.005), women with 5 or more children (aHR = 15.84, P < 0.001), women who read newspapers less than once a week (aHR = 1.75, P = 0.13), and households that use high-polluting fuels (aHR = 1.92, P = 0.023). Conclusion This study establishes that child health, maternal, socioeconomic, household, and ecological factors are important determinants of under-five mortality in Zimbabwe. Understanding these determinants is crucial for designing effective interventions and policies to reduce child mortality rates. This requires comprehensive approaches such as improving access to healthcare, education, and basic sanitation facilities; prioritizing nutrition; providing clean water; enhancing poverty reduction and immunization; and promoting breastfeeding and social empo

关键词： Child mortality Survival analysis Hazard ratio Cox proportional model

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Effects of term weighting approach with and without stop words removing on Arabic text classification

Effects of term weighting approach with and without stop wor...

引用

International Conference on Optimization and Applications (ICOA)

作者： Esra’a Alhenawi Ruba Abu Khurma Pedro A. Castillo Maribel G. Arenas Ayat Mahmoud Al-Hinawi Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Information Technology Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan Department of Computer Science MEU Research Unit Faculty of Information Technology Middle East University Amman Jordan University of Granada Granada Spain Department of Allied Engineering Sciences Hashemite University Zarqa Jordan

Text classification is a technique for grouping articles into pre-defined categories. Prior to categorization, text documents have to be set up and organised in a form that is compatible with the data mining techniques. That has produced many term weighting techniques have been developed in the literature to improve the functionality of text categorization systems. This paper compares techniques for text classification based on when stop words are eliminated from the documents once and when they are not. We used an Arabic data set of 322 papers grouped into six subjects (health, politics, science, education, agriculture and finance) to research which is the influence of prior weighting of features approaches on classification outcomes with regard to accuracy, recall, precision, and F-measure values. Each document subset includes 50 documents, except the health one that includes 61. We carried out four experiments and checked results getting that only for precision, the term frequency feature weighting approach with stop word removal are more or less the same than for binary method. Moreover the conclusion for accuracy, recall and F-measure is that Feature weighting approach with stop word outperforms the Binary one. Additionally, if the phrase for weighting is the same for both methods, to remove stop word increases classification accuracy for all the experiments.

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Using HLPC for parallelization of autonomous tests of WEB applications from its GUI 34

Using HLPC for parallelization of autonomous tests of WEB ap...

引用

34th European Modeling and Simulation Symposium, EMSS 2022

作者： Rossainz-López, Mario Islas-Fuentes, Jesús A. Pineda-Torres, Ivo Capel-Tuñón, Manuel Faculty of Computer Science Autonomous University of Puebla Av. San Claudio and 14 Sur Street San Manuel PueblaC.P. 72570 Mexico Software Engineering Department College of Informatics and Telecommunications ETSIIT University of Granada Daniel Saucedo Aranda s/n Granada18071 Spain

A proposal for parallelization of autonomous tests of Web applications from its graphical user interface (GUI) is presented to reduce its execution time since these increases exponentially due to the number of combinations that are generated with the different states of the fields, of the forms on the web application pages by creating a tree-like structure. It is proposed to use the model of high-level parallel compositions or HLPC as a suitable model of semi-automatic parallelization that defines a Treelike structure as a communication pattern between processes. The proposed HLPC, which we call HLPC-Tree, uses reinforcement learning that associates each node of the process tree as a slave object using the Q-Learning (QL) algorithm and achieves autonomous recognition of the fields of the forms and valid-invalid options to identify failures and display them with HTTP status codes. In addition, the Mechanize library is used to find the number of possible combinations through the states of the fields of the forms and to know how many nodes are generated at each level of the process tree in the HLPC-Tree when it grows in depth. Finally, the performance analysis of the proposed HLPC is shown with an analysis of the speedup and execution times in an 8-core machine to demonstrate good scalability in its accelerations compared to Amdahl's Law. © 2022 The Authors.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Entirety of Quantum Uncertainty and Its Experimental Verification

引用

Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第7期38卷 11-16页

作者： Jie Xie Li Zhou Aonan Zhang Huichao Xu Man-Hong Yung Ping Xu Nengkun Yu Lijian Zhang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute for Quantum Information&State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of ComputerNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Centre for Quantum Software and Information School of SoftwareFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSWAustralia

As a foundation of quantum physics,uncertainty relations describe ultimate limit for the measurement uncertainty of incompatible ***,uncertainty relations are formulated by mathematical bounds for a specific *** we present a method for geometrically characterizing uncertainty relations as an entire area of variances of the observables,ranging over all possible input *** find that for the pair of position and momentum operators,Heisenberg's uncertainty principle points exactly to the attainable area of the variances of position and ***,for finite-dimensional systems,we prove that the corresponding area is necessarily semialgebraic;in other words,this set can be represented via finite polynomial equations and inequalities,or any finite union of such *** particular,we give the analytical characterization of the areas of variances of(a)a pair of one-qubit observables and(b)a pair of projective observables for arbitrary dimension,and give the first experimental observation of such areas in a photonic system.

关键词： observable union operators

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Fusionngfpe: An Image Fusion Approach Driven by Non-Global Fuzzy Pre-Enhancement Framework

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Xiangbo Liu, Gang Li, Mingyi Ren, Qin Tang, Haojie Bavirisetti, Durga Prasad School of Automation Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai201306 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu610000 China School of Software and Microelectronics Peking University Beijing100000 China Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim7034 Norway

The majority of prevailing image fusion methods employ a global strategy, often resulting in a reduction of contrast. In this study, we propose an image fusion approach (FusionNGFPE), specifically tailored to the structural characteristics of infrared (IR) imagery. We introduce a contrast equalization algorithm based on the Fourth-order Partial Differential Equation (FPDE) to effectively enhance background regions. Recognizing the inherent disparities between IR and visible (VIS) images, we devise a hybrid fusion strategy leveraging the Expectation Maximization algorithm (EM) and Principal Component Analysis algorithm (PCA). Comparative analysis against state-of-the-art fusion methods demonstrates the superior performance of our proposed algorithm in both qualitative and quantitative assessments. Additionally, to assess the practical applicability of FusionNGFPE, we integrate the fusion framework into the RGBT target tracking task utilizing the VOT-RGBT and OTCBVS datasets. Through comprehensive comparative experiments, we ascertain that the FusionNGFPE framework seamlessly integrates with the tracking task, significantly enhancing tracking accuracy across diverse scenarios. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image fusion

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Fence Theorem: Towards Dual-Objective Semantic-Structure Isolation in Preprocessing Phase for 3D Anomaly Detection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Liang, Hanzhe Zhou, Jie Chen, Xuanxin Dai, Tao Wang, Jinbao Gao, Can College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China Shenzhen Audencia Financial Technology Institute Shenzhen University China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University China Faculty of Education Shenzhen University China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing China

3D anomaly detection (AD) is prominent but difficult due to lacking a unified theoretical foundation for preprocessing design. We establish the Fence Theorem, formalizing preprocessing as a dual-objective semantic isolator: (1) mitigating cross-semantic interference to the greatest extent feasible and (2) confining anomaly judgements to aligned semantic spaces wherever viable, thereby establishing intra-semantic comparability. Any preprocessing approach achieves this goal through a two-stage process of Semantic-Division and Spatial-Constraints stage. Through systematic deconstruction, we theoretically and experimentally subsume existing preprocessing methods under this theorem via tripartite evidence: qualitative analyses, quantitative studies, and mathematical proofs. Guided by the Fence Theorem, we implement Patch3D, consisting of Patch-Cutting and Patch-Matching modules, to segment semantic spaces and consolidate similar ones while independently modeling normal features within each space. Experiments on Anomaly-ShapeNet and Real3D-AD with different settings demonstrate that progressively finer-grained semantic alignment in preprocessing directly enhances point-level AD accuracy, providing inverse validation of the theorem’s causal logic. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fences

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