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3rd International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Communication Systems, ICICACS 2025

作者： Lawrence, Jinsha Budagam, Dinesh Kumar Mukilan, P. Veerappan, Kavitha Chandrasekhar, E. Barathi, K. Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India Visa Department of Ms in Software Engineering CA United States Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan College of Engineering Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Coimbatore India Kongu Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Erode India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hyderabad India Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508456

The development of compact and efficient devices has been made possible by the growth of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) technologies, which has transformed modern electronics. However, there are cautions regarding the security of data, especially when it comes to transmission due to the extensive usage of technology. To address these, this study proposes a modified Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm as a solution for improved security protocol in VLSI systems. The proposed algorithm are intended to support the encryption procedure, increasing stronger production against cryptographic attacks while preserving the system's effectiveness and speed factors that are critical aspects for VLSI applications. Through extensive simulations and testing, the modified AES algorithm demonstrated significant security enhancements the operational efficiency of the VLSI system. The attained outcomes of the proposed work shows that the Modified AES strategy provides a workable technique to protect data in VLSI-based devices while maintaining data communication integrity and confidentiality. The proposed modified AES algorithm demonstrates a significant improvement in performance with a propagation delay of 7 ns, power consumption of 29 mW, and a computational overhead of 62 bits, leading to enhanced efficiency in cryptographic operations. This study highlights that the modified AES algorithm improve security in modern electronic systems and maintain performance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Network security

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Classification of Subtypes of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Using Feature Fusion from Blood Smear Images

Classification of Subtypes of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia U...

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Computational Intelligence Approaches and Applications (ICCIAA), International Conference on

作者： Ghazala Alhadi Eljadi Ahmed Lawgali Salwa Elakeili dept. Computer Sciences Faculty of Information Technology University of Benghazi Beghazi Libya dept. Software Engineering Faculty of Information Technology University of Benghazi Beghazi Libya

ISBN: (数字)9798331523657

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523664

Early detection of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is vital for providing appropriate treatment, which requires accurate diagnosis to identify the types of the disease. Therefore, this study focuses on evaluating the performance of deep learning models in classifying different types of leukemia using three pre-trained CNN models: MobileNet V2, DenseNet201, and EfficientNet, to extract deep features. These features are then combined into a single set. An information exchange technique was used to select the best features after merging, and SMOTEENN was employed to address feature imbalance. The results showed that combining features extracted by the pre-trained CNN models achieved high accuracy and reliability, reaching 99.66%, enhancing the performance in accurately and quickly classifying patients. This approach not only improves diagnostic accuracy but also contributes to accelerating the decision-making process for treatment, enabling doctors to better tailor therapies and thereby improve patient outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of ongoing research in this field and provide future recommendations for enhancing performance and increasing classification accuracy in similar medical applications.

关键词： Support vector machines Accuracy Merging Leukemia Medical treatment Feature extraction Convolutional neural networks Reliability Blood Medical diagnostic imaging

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Robust Feature engineering Techniques for Designing Motor Imagery-Based Bci Systems

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Gardezi Ahmed, Syed Saim Khan, Mahnoor Bukhari, Syeda Muneeba Khan, Rizwan Ahmed Jawed, Soyiba Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Salim Habib University Karachi Pakistan Department of Computer Software Engineering College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering NUST Islamabad Pakistan Department of Physics Faculty of Applied Sciences Riphah International University Islamabad Pakistan Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering NED University Karachi Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology Salim Habib University Karachi Pakistan

A multitude of individuals across the globe grapple with motor disabilities. Neural prosthetics utilizing Brain-computer Interface (BCI) technology exhibit promise for improving motor rehabilitation outcomes. The intricate nature of EEG data poses a significant hurdle for current BCI systems. Recently, a qualitative repository of EEG signals tied to both upper and lower limb execution of motor and motor imagery tasks has been unveiled. Despite this, the productivity of the Machine Learning (ML) Models that were trained on this dataset was alarmingly deficient, and the evaluation framework seemed insufficient. To enhance outcomes, robust feature engineering (signal processing) methodologies are implemented. A collection of time domain, frequency domain, and wavelet-derived features was obtained from 16-channel EEG signals, and the Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy (MRMR) approach was employed to identify the four most significant features. For classification K Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Naive Bayes models were implemented with these selected features, evaluating their effectiveness through metrics such as testing accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 Score. By leveraging SVM with a Gaussian Kernel, a remarkable maximum testing accuracy of 92.50% for motor activities and 95.48% for imagery activities is achieved. These results are notably more dependable and gratifying compared to the previous study, where the peak accuracy was recorded at 74.36%. This research work provide an in-depth analysis of the MI Limb EEG dataset and it will help in designing and developing simple, cost-effective and reliable BCI systems for neuro-rehabilitation. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image enhancement

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A Transfer Learning-Based Framework for Enhanced Classification of Perceived Mental Stress Using EEG Spectrograms

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 89266-89286页

作者： Sheharyar Khan Sadam Hussain Noorani Jaroslav Frnda Usman Rauf Aamir Arsalan Sanay Muhammad Umar Saeed Department of Computer Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Pakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC University Taxila Pakistan Department of Quantitative Methods and Economic Informatics Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications University of Žilina Žilina Slovakia Department of Software Engineering Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi Pakistan

Stress is a significant health concern, impacting both physical and mental well-being. Prolonged exposure to stress can lead to numerous physical health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, and a weakened immune system. This study presents a novel methodology for classifying perceived mental stress using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. By utilizing the publicly available Leipzig Study for Mind-Body-Emotion Interactions dataset, we analyze EEG data collected from 53 participants over a 7-minute resting-state duration. Our approach involves transforming EEG signals into spectrograms using the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), resulting in a time-frequency representation of the input signals. We employ transfer learning to fine-tune three pre-trained deep neural networks i.e., ResNet50, EfficientNetB0, and DenseNet121 for classifying stress into two and three levels. Our findings demonstrate that the ResNet50 model achieves superior classification accuracies of 95.80% and 86.02% for two and three-level stress classification, respectively, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods. This study is the first to utilize STFT-generated spectrograms and transfer learning for perceived stress classification, highlighting the efficacy of deep learning techniques in quantifying perceived mental stress through non-invasive EEG recordings. Our results indicate that the proposed method can significantly enhance the accuracy of stress classification frameworks, offering potential improvements in mental health assessment and intervention strategies.

关键词： Human factors Electroencephalography Accuracy Stress measurement Spectrogram Physiology Transfer learning Feature extraction Brain modeling Electrodes

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CAPAST: Content Affinity Preserved Arbitrary Style Transfer

CAPAST: Content Affinity Preserved Arbitrary Style Transfer

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Xinyuan Zheng Xiaojie Li Canghong Shi Jia He Zhan Ao Huang Xian Zhang Imran Mumtaz School of Computer Science Chengdu University of Information Technology China School of Computer and Software Engineering Xihua University China Faculty of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences The University of Western Australia Australia Department of Computer Science University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Balancing the consistency of style and the integrity of content is the main challenge in arbitrary style transfer domain. Currently, local style details can be effectively captured by attention mechanism but easily produce distorted style patterns and inconsistent content structure. In this paper, we propose a Content Affinity Preserving Arbitrary Style Transfer (CAPAST) framework to ensure style features can be stably integrated into the content structure. Considering the local feature learning ability of CNN and the global feature representation advantage of transformer, a dual encoder is proposed to capture local and global features of images with the combination between transformer and CNN. In addition, a channel and spatially aligned attention (CSAA) is introduced to generate high-quality results by stably fusing style features and content features. In experiments, we demonstrated the superior performance of our method in preventing content structure distortion and maintaining consistency between style and content. Codes are available at https://***/miaopashi-zxy/CAPAST.

关键词： Representation learning Acoustic distortion Codes Attention mechanisms Fuses Transformers Acoustics Speech processing

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PASTD: Progressive Augmentation and Spatiotemporal Decoupling Contrastive Learning for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition

PASTD: Progressive Augmentation and Spatiotemporal Decouplin...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Qian Huang Weiwen Qian Chang Li Gongyou Xu Zhongqi Chen College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China Faculty of Science and Technology United International College BNU-HKBU Zhuhai China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Contrastive learning has achieved significant progress in the field of self-supervised skeleton-based action recognition. However, existing methods often apply strong augmentations directly to skeleton data, which can distort or even lose the semantic of the skeletons. Additionally, most methods focus on unified feature extraction through spatiotemporal modeling, leading to spatiotemporal entanglement that hinders model’s interpretability and degrades performance. To address these issues, we propose a Progressive Augmentation and SpatioTemporal Decoupling contrastive learning model (PASTD). Specifically, we propose progressive augmentation to enhance the model’s generalization capability, which generates multiple distinct positive sample pairs through multiple branches and uses inter-branch constraints to maintain consistent motion patterns. Moreover, we propose spatiotemporal decoupling module to separate the feature’s spatial and temporal information, using a dual-path self-attention module combined with an intra-branch cross-domain learning strategy to facilitate information exchange between domains. Extensive experiments on the four public datasets NTU-RGB+D (60&120) and PKU-MMD (I&II) demonstrate the effectiveness of these components. Moreover, PASTD outperforms state-of-the-art methods across various evaluation metrics.

关键词： Measurement Three-dimensional displays Semantics Contrastive learning Speech recognition Signal processing Skeleton Spatiotemporal phenomena Speech processing Information exchange

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Architecting Digital Twins for Intelligent Transportation Systems

Architecting Digital Twins for Intelligent Transportation Sy...

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IEEE International Conference on software Architecture Workshops (ICSAW)

作者： Hiya Bhatt Sahil Karthik Vaidhyanathan Rahul Biju Deepak Gangadharan Ramona Trestian Purav Shah Software Engineering Research Centre IIIT Hyderabad India Computer Systems Group IIIT Hyderabad India Faculty of Science and Technology Middlesex University London

ISBN: (数字)9798331533366

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533373

Modern transportation systems face growing challenges in managing traffic flow, ensuring safety, and maintaining operational efficiency amid dynamic traffic patterns. Addressing these challenges requires intelligent solutions capable of real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and adaptive control. This paper proposes an architecture for DigIT, a Digital Twin (DT) platform for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), designed to overcome the limitations of existing frameworks by offering a modular and scalable solution for traffic management. Built on a Domain Concept Model (DCM), the architecture systematically models key ITS components enabling seamless integration of predictive modeling and simulations. The architecture leverages machine learning models to forecast traffic patterns based on historical and real-time data. To adapt to evolving traffic patterns, the architecture incorporates adaptive Machine Learning Operations (MLOps), automating the deployment and lifecycle management of predictive models. Evaluation results highlight the effectiveness of the architecture in delivering accurate predictions and computational efficiency.

关键词： Adaptation models software architecture Transportation computer architecture Predictive models Traffic control Real-time systems Digital twins Safety Predictive analytics

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What Drives the Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence to Promote Educational Sustainability? Evidence from SEM-ANN Approach

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TechTrends 2025年 1-15页

作者： Arpaci, Ibrahim Al-Emran, Mostafa Al-Qaysi, Noor Al-Sharafi, Mohammed A. Management Information Systems College of Business Administration Gulf University for Science and Technology Mishref Kuwait Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Balikesir Turkey Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Informatics Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea Faculty of Engineering & IT The British University in Dubai Dubai United Arab Emirates Engineering Technical College Al-Bayan University Baghdad Iraq Information and Communication Technology Research Group Scientific Research Center Al-Ayen University Thi-Qar Iraq IRC for Finance and Digital Economy KFUPM Business School King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia

The literature on generative “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) in education primarily focuses on its immediate benefits and applications, such as personalized learning, student engagement, and content generation. However, there is a notable absence of empirical research concerning the holistic use of generative AI within educational institutions and its long-term impact on educational sustainability. This study investigates the factors that predict the use of generative AI and its subsequent influence on educational sustainability. This study enhanced the extended “Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology” (UTAUT-2) by including personal innovativeness as an external variable and educational sustainability as an outcome. A hybrid methodology, integrating “Structural Equation Modeling” (SEM) and “Artificial Neural Network” (ANN), was used to evaluate the research model using data collected from 1,011 university students. The SEM analysis confirmed all hypotheses. Specifically, a positive relationship was found between use behavior and educational sustainability. These results show that the combined variables collectively account for 63% and 66% of the variance in use behavior and educational sustainability, respectively. The sensitivity analysis identified habit as the most important predictor of use behavior. The findings offer both theoretically important and practically valuable implications for designing user-centered AI integration in education. © Association for Educational Communications & Technology 2025.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Educational sustainability SEM-ANN UTAUT-2

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A drug recommendation system based on response prediction: Integrating gene expression and K-mer fragmentation of drug SMILES using LightGBM

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Intelligence-Based Medicine 2025年 11卷 100206-100206页

作者： Naveed, Sajid Husnain, Mujtaba Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan

Medical experts and physicians examine the gene expression abnormality in glioblastoma (GBM) cancer patients to identify the drug response. The main objective of this research is to build a machine learning (ML) based model for improve the outcome of cancer medication to save the time and effort of medical practitioners. Developing a drug response recommendation system is our goal that uses the gene expression data of cancer cell lines to predict the response of anticancer drugs in terms of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Genetic data from a GBM cancer patient is used as input into a system to predict and recommend the response of multiple anticancer drugs in a particular cancer sample. In this research, we used K-mer molecular fragmentation to process drug SMILES in a novel way, which enabled us to build a competent model that provides drug response. We used the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) regression algorithm and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity of Cancer (GDSC) data for this proposed recommendation system. The results showed that all predicted IC50 values are fall within the range of the real values when examining GBM data. Two drugs, temozolomide and carmustine, were predicted with a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.10 and 0.11 respectively, and 0.41 in unseen test samples. These recommended responses were then verified by expert doctors, who confirmed that the responses to these drugs were very close to the actual response. These recommendation are also effective in slowing the growth of these tumors and improving patients quality of life by monitoring medication effects. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Drug response recommendation system Drug SMILES Gene expression Glioblastoma K-mer fragmentation LightGBM

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The Role of AI in Predictive UX Shaping the Future of Metaverse Interactions

The Role of AI in Predictive UX Shaping the Future of Metave...

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Computational Intelligence Approaches and Applications (ICCIAA), International Conference on

作者： Nedal Nwasra Khalil Omar Zahid Hussain Qaisar Software Engineering Department University of Petra Amman Jordan Faculty of Computing & Emerging Technologies Multan Pakistan Computer Science Department University of Petra Amman Jordan

ISBN: (数字)9798331523657

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523664

The Metaverse is defined as a collectively shared, persistent, and contextualized virtual space that will drive next-generation digital interaction facilitated by enhanced extended reality (XR) and edge computing. One of the major challenges within this development area is the proper anticipation and fulfillment of user context needs, preferences, and intentions in real-time. This paper proposes the concept of Predictive User Experience through AI for a turn to solve this challenge. With enabled predictive analytics, machine learning, and real-time data processing, the proposed AI-based predictive UX model dynamically adjusts metaverse interface features, content delivery, and modes of interaction to enhance immersion, all while maximizing user satisfaction. In this paper, we discuss AI's potential for explanatory mechanics in predictive UX and how it shapes the future of metaverse interactions. We propose a conceptual framework that describes how data collection, data processing, and adaptive interface design can be integrated within a feedback-driven architecture that seamlessly predicts and adjusts to user requirements. In this paper, we present a research methodology that integrates qualitative and technical approaches-from data modeling and architecture design up to scenario-based assessments-to validate our UX framework's predictiveness. Hence, we proceed with a use case that exemplifies the applicability of AI-based predictive UX systems for ensuring user presence and interaction consistency within a metaverse educational scenario. The discussion synthesizes and finally concludes the most pertinent findings relevant to user engagement and personalization regarding privacy and ethical considerations without compromising how these technologies can be safely and effectively scaled. We conclude our paper with the opinion that XR interactions driven by AI predictive UX mark a milestone in how applications are created, not just for entertainment and gaming but also

关键词： Adaptation models Metaverse Extended reality Machine learning computer architecture Predictive models Data collection Data models User experience Real-time systems

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