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PVDM-YOLOv8l: a solution for reliable pedestrian and vehicle detection in autonomous vehicles under adverse weather conditions

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-26页

作者： Tahir, Noor Ul Ain Zhang, Zuping Asim, Muhammad Iftikhar, Sundas A. Abd El-Latif, Ahmed School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China EIAS Data Science Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences and Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent Computing Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Gianforte School of Computing Montana State University Bozeman59717 United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin El-Koom32511 Egypt

Ensuring the safe navigation of autonomous vehicles in intelligent transportation system depends on their ability to detect pedestrians and vehicles. While transformer-based models for object detection have shown remarkable advancements, accurately identifying pedestrians and vehicles in adverse weather conditions remains a challenging task. Adverse weather introduces image quality degradation, leading to issues such as low contrast, reduced visibility, blurred edges, false detection, misdetection of tiny objects, and other impediments that further complicate the accuracy of detection. This paper introduces a novel Pedestrian and Vehicle Detection Model under adverse weather conditions, denoted as PVDM-YOLOv8l. In our proposed model, we first incorporate the Swin-Transformer method, which is designed for global extraction of feature of small objects to identify in poor visibility, into the YOLOv8l backbone structure. To enhance detection accuracy and address the impact of inaccurate features on recognition performance, CBAM is integrated between the neck and head networks of YOLOv8l, aiming to gather crucial information and obtain essential data. Finally, we adopted the loss function Wise-IOU v3. This function was implemented to mitigate the adverse effects of low-quality instances by minimizing negative gradients. Additionally, we enhanced and augmented the DAWN dataset and created a custom dataset, named DAWN2024, to cater to the specific requirements of our study. To verify the superiority of PVDM-YOLOV8l, its performance was compared against several commonly used object detectors, including YOLOv3, YOLOv3-tiny, YOLOv3-spp, YOLOv5, YOLOv6, and all the versions of YOLOv8 (n, m, s, l, and x) and some traditional models. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model achieved a 6.6%, 5.4%, 6%, and 5.1% improvement in precision, recall, F1-score and mean Average Precision (mAP) on the custom DAWN2024 dataset. This substantial improvement in accuracy ind

关键词： Vehicle detection

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Air Pollutant Prediction Using Shallow Architecture Machine Learning Algorithms 8th

Air Pollutant Prediction Using Shallow Architecture Machine ...

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8th World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems Security and Sustainability, WorldS4 2024

作者： Olaifa, Moses Malele, Vusumuzi Department of Computer Systems Engineering Faculty of ICT Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa Unit of Data Science and Computing Vaal Campus North-West University Vanderbijlpark South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9789819786947

Over the past few decades, mortality rates associated with air quality pollution have risen in numerous countries around the globe. This pollution stems from different factors such as meteorological conditions, human activities from urban industrialization, vehicular emission, and so on. Air pollution constituents such as NO2, CO, SO, and coarse and fine particulate matter for different locations have been analyzed to learn both correlation and inter-dependency for long and short terms. However, many of these studies overlook datasets collected using low-cost tools and equipment. Most of the time, datasets of this nature are marred with inconsistencies and gaps at irregular intervals. This may render the air pollutant data unsuitable. In order to test the suitability of machine learning algorithms on such dataset, this study conducts a time-series forecast analysis using the prophet algorithm. Two additional models including linear regressor and random forest regressor are trained and tested on the same dataset and a comparative analysis of the three models is performed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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A Predictive Model for Preliminary Indication of Cardiovascular Disease

A Predictive Model for Preliminary Indication of Cardiovascu...

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2022 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Smart Technologies, ICETST 2022

作者： Arif, Ali Haider Bukhari, Faisal Fatima, Aimen Iqbal, Waheed University of the Punjab Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Department of Computer Science Lahore Pakistan University of the Punjab Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Department of Data Science Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (数字)9781665459358

ISBN: (纸本)9781665459358

Executing medical diagnoses appropriately and effectively is critical due to the scarcity of available resources in the hospitals of developing countries. Diagnosis is also rendered by professional practice and expertise. Because of this, patients bear unnecessary and disproportionate care costs. The automated system is very beneficial for medical diagnosis. As in some cases, there could be a shortage of resource personnel, and not all doctors have experience in subspecialties. We needed studies of various available techniques and their comparisons for implementing these accurate automated systems. The current research, however, is an alternative precaution to this issue. A preliminary indication of cardiovascular disease using a predictive model is essential as it reduces the risk of developing the disease. The likelihood of having the cardiovascular disease can be predicted using multiple factors. One thousand sixty samples of individuals were taken from different hospitals in Punjab by using a questionnaire survey. Other scaling techniques were applied to the collected data. Various machine learning algorithms with hyperparameter tuning were applied to the collected data. As the results of the predictions were satisfactory, it would help predict cardiovascular disease and act as a critical public awareness to avoid future cardiac disease. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Lane Detection Using Deep Learning for Rainy Conditions 9

Lane Detection Using Deep Learning for Rainy Conditions

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9th International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering, ICCCE 2023

作者： Ghani, Hadhrami Ab Daud, Atiqullah Mohamed Besar, Rosli Sani, Zamani Md Kamaruddin, Mohd Nazeri Syahali, Syabeela Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Faculty of Data Science and Computing Kelantan Malaysia Multimedia University Faculty of Engineering and Technology Melaka Malaysia Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Mechatronic Engineering Melaka Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325218

Prior research has shown that various road marker classification mechanisms in clear or dry weather conditions have high accuracy performance. However, the performance tends to be lower under rainy driving conditions due to the reduced quality of the road image when detecting the five classes of road markers which are Single, Single-Single, Dashed, Solid-Dashed, and Dashed-Solid. To address this challenging condition, lane marker detection based on deep learning approach is proposed in this paper. The target weather condition is rainy, which is very challenging as it causes the surface of the roads, especially the area which includes the lane marker to become blurry and unclear due to the rainwater. In order to carefully select the right features of the road such that the lane marker can be classified and detected successfully. The lane marker object is captured from the frames of the video clips taken from established published video datasets. With this fast and better lane marker detection, the achievable classification precision is satisfactory although the weather is rainy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Computer vision

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Diagnosis of Malignant Lymphoma Cancer Using Hybrid Optimized Techniques Based on Dense Neural Networks

Diagnosis of Malignant Lymphoma Cancer Using Hybrid Optimize...

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2024 International Conference on Computer and Applications, ICCA 2024

作者： Aly, Salah A. Bakhiet, Ali Balat, Mazen Badya University Faculty of Computing & Data Science Giza Egypt Fayoum University Faculty of Science Computer Science Dept. Fayoum Egypt Computer Science Dept. October 6th City Giza Egypt E-Japanese University of Science & Tech. Cs & It Dept. Alexandria Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367560

Lymphoma diagnosis, particularly distinguishing between subtypes, is critical for effective treatment but remains challenging due to the subtle morphological differences in histopathological images. This study presents a novel hybrid deep learning framework that combines DenseNet201 for feature extraction with a Dense Neural Network (DNN) for classification, optimized using the Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm. The model was trained on a dataset of 15,000 biopsy images, spanning three lymphoma subtypes: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Follicular Lymphoma (FL), and Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL). Our approach achieved a testing accuracy of 99.33%, demonstrating significant improvements in both accuracy and model interpretability. Comprehensive evaluation using precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC underscores the model's robustness and potential for clinical adoption. This framework offers a scalable solution for improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in oncology. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Lung cancer

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MG-Net: Learn to Customize QAOA with Circuit Depth Awareness 38

MG-Net: Learn to Customize QAOA with Circuit Depth Awareness

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Qian, Yang Wang, Xinbiao Du, Yuxuan Luo, Yong Tao, Dacheng School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering University of Sydney NSW2008 Australia Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and its variants exhibit immense potential in tackling combinatorial optimization challenges. However, their practical realization confronts a dilemma: the requisite circuit depth for satisfactory performance is problem-specific and often exceeds the maximum capability of current quantum devices. To address this dilemma, here we first analyze the convergence behavior of QAOA, uncovering the origins of this dilemma and elucidating the intricate relationship between the employed mixer Hamiltonian, the specific problem at hand, and the permissible maximum circuit depth. Harnessing this understanding, we introduce the Mixer Generator Network (MG-Net), a unified deep learning framework adept at dynamically formulating optimal mixer Hamiltonians tailored to distinct tasks and circuit depths. Systematic simulations, encompassing Ising models and weighted Max-Cut instances with up to 64 qubits, substantiate our theoretical findings, highlighting MG-Net's superior performance in terms of both approximation ratio and efficiency. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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PraK Tool V3: Enhancing Video Item Search Using Localized Text and Texture Queries 31st

PraK Tool V3: Enhancing Video Item Search Using Localized Te...

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31st International Conference on Multimedia Modeling, MMM 2025

作者： Stroh, Michael Kloda, Vojtěch Verner, Benjamin Vopálková, Zuzana Buchmüller, Raphael Jäckl, Bastian Hajko, Jakub Lokoč, Jakub Visual Computing Department of Computer Science Faculty of Natural Sciences Konstanz University Konstanz Germany SIRET Research Group Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague Czech Republic Data Analysis and Visualization Department of Computer Science Faculty of Natural Sciences Konstanz University Konstanz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789819620739

We present a third version of the PraK system designed around an effective text-image and image-image search model. The system integrates sub-image search options for localized context search for CLIP and image color/texture and interfaces tailored to specific task types. A user study shows the benefits of sub-image search in homogeneous video collections. We further enhance the user experience of the PraK framework by re-designing the frontend and introducing task-specific views. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Video analysis

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Towards Techniques for Updating Virtual Knowledge Graphs 17

Towards Techniques for Updating Virtual Knowledge Graphs

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17th International Rule Challenge and 7th Doctoral Consortium @ RuleM+RR, RuleML+RR-Companion 2023

作者： Wandji, Romuald Esdras Šimkus, Mantas Calvanese, Diego Department of Computing Science Umeå Universitet Umeå Sweden Research Centre for Knowledge and Data Faculty of Engineering Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Bolzano Italy

The field of Virtual Knowledge Graphs (VKGs) continues to grow in both academic and applied contexts. Yet, the issue of updates in VKG systems has not yet received adequate attention, although it is crucial to manage data modifications at the data source level through the lens of an ontology. In this paper, we focus on VKGs whose ontology is specified in the lightweight ontology language DL-LiteA, and we propose diverse settings and research directions we intend to explore to address the challenge of translating ontology-based updates into updates at the level of data sources. We also pay attention to the important problem of automated analysis of mappings, which plays a major role when it comes to reformulating ontology-based update requests into update requests over the data sources. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

关键词： Ontology

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Semantic Querying of Integrated Raster and Relational data: A Virtual Knowledge Graph Approach 17

Semantic Querying of Integrated Raster and Relational Data: ...

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17th International Rule Challenge and 7th Doctoral Consortium @ RuleM+RR, RuleML+RR-Companion 2023

作者： Ghosh, Arka Šimkus, Mantas Calvanese, Diego Department of Computing Science Umeå Universitet Umeå Sweden Research Centre for Knowledge and Data Faculty of Engineering Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Bolzano Italy

Ontology-based data access (OBDA) facilitates access to heterogeneous data sources through the mediation of an ontology (e.g. OWL), which captures the domain of interest and is connected to data sources through a declarative mapping. In our study, large, heterogeneous earth observational (EO) data, known as raster data, and geometrical data, known as vector data, are considered as (heterogeneous) data sources. Raster data represent, e.g., Earth's natural phenomena, such as surface temperature, elevation, or air pollution, as multidimensional arrays. In contrast, vector data depict, e.g., locations, networks, or regions on Earth, using geometries. Domain experts, such as earth scientists and GIS practitioners, still struggle to undertake advanced studies by querying large raster and vector data in an integrated way because, unlike relational data, they come in diverse formats and different data structures. In our approach to integration, we use a geospatial extension of an RDBMS to represent vector data as relational data, and a domain-agnostic array DBMS to handle raster data. Our aim is to extend the OBDA paradigm to effectively deal with relational, vector, and raster data in a combined way, while leveraging the built-in capabilities of data management tools relevant to each type of data. We also plan to develop techniques to calculate on the fly for each user query posed over the ontology an optimal query plan that exploits, at best, the query processing capabilities of each tool, while limiting costly data transfer operations between tools. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

关键词： Semantics

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On some properties of the bibasic Humbert hypergeometric functions Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2023年第4期38卷 614-630页

作者： CAI Qing-bo Ghazi S.Khammash Shimaa I.Moustafa Ayman Shehata Provincial Key Laboratory of Data-Intensive Computing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information ProcessingSchool of Mathematics and Computer ScienceQuanzhou Normal UniversityQuanzhou 362000China Department of Mathematics Al-Aqsa UniversityGazaGaza StripPalestine Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAssiut UniversityAssiut 71516Egypt Department of Mathematics Unaizah College of Science and ArtsUnaizah 56264Qassim UniversityBuraydah 52571QassimSaudi Arabia

The main object of this paper is to deduce the bibasic Humbert functions Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)Some interesting results and elementary summations technique that was successfully employed,q-recursion,q-derivatives relations,the q-differential recursion relations,the q-integral representations for Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)are *** summation formula derives a list of p-analogues of transformation formulas for bibasic Humbert functions that have been studied,also some hypergeometric functions properties of some new interesting special cases have been given.

关键词： q-calculus bibasic Humbert hypergeometric functions q-derivative

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