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22nd International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence, AIxIA 2023 DP 2023

作者： Alisade, Hubert Calvanese, Diego Klarer, Mario Mosca, Alessandro Ndefo, Nonyelum Rangger, Bernadette Tratter, Aaron Department of American Studies University of Innsbruck Austria Faculty of Engineering Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Italy Department of Computing Science Umeå University Sweden

In-depth searching for specific content in medieval manuscripts requires labor-intensive, hence time-consuming manual manuscript screening. Using existing IT tools to carry out this task has not been possible, since state-of-the-art keyword spotting lacks the necessary metaknowledge or larger ontology that scholars intuitively apply in their investigations. This problem is being addressed in the "Research Südtirol/Alto Adige" 2019 project "MENS – Medieval Explorations in Neuro-science (1050–1450): Ontology-Based Keyword Spotting in Manuscript Scans," whose goal is to build a paradigmatic case study for compiling and subsequent screening of large collections of manuscript scans by using AI techniques for natural language processing and data management based on formal ontologies. We report here on the ongoing work and the results achieved so far in the MENS project. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Ontology

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FedLMT: Tackling System Heterogeneity of Federated Learning via Low-Rank Model Training with Theoretical Guarantees 41

FedLMT: Tackling System Heterogeneity of Federated Learning ...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Liu, Jiahao Zhou, Yipeng Wu, Di Hu, Miao Guizani, Mohsen Sheng, Quan Z. School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Guangzhou China School of Computing Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University Sydney Australia Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm for preserving data privacy. However, diverse client hardware often has varying computation resources. Such system heterogeneity limits the participation of resource-constrained clients in FL, and hence degrades the global model accuracy. To enable heterogeneous clients to participate in and contribute to FL training, previous works tackle this problem by assigning customized sub-models to individual clients with model pruning, distillation, or low-rank based techniques. Unfortunately, the global model trained by these methods still encounters performance degradation due to heterogeneous sub-model aggregation. Besides, most methods are heuristic-based and lack convergence analysis. In this work, we propose the FedLMT framework to bridge the performance gap, by assigning clients with a homogeneous pre-factorized low-rank model to substantially reduce resource consumption without conducting heterogeneous aggregation. We theoretically prove that the convergence of the low-rank model can guarantee the convergence of the original full model. To further meet clients' personalized resource needs, we extend FedLMT to pFedLMT, by separating model parameters into common and custom ones. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted to verify our theoretical analysis and show that FedLMT and pFedLMT outperform other baselines with much less communication and computation costs. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Federated learning

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Integrating ChatGPT into Medical Education: A Combined SEM-ML Approach 2

Integrating ChatGPT into Medical Education: A Combined SEM-M...

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2nd International Conference on Advancements in Smart, Secure and Intelligent computing, ASSIC 2024

作者： Salloum, Said Shaalan, Khaled Alfaisal, Raghad Salloum, Ayham Gaber, Tarek School of Science Engineering and Environment University of Salford Manchester United Kingdom The British University in Dubai Faculty of Engineering & It United Arab Emirates Universiti Pendidikan Faculty of Computing and Meta-Technology Sultan Idris Malaysia College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370188

The educational realm has undergone profound transformations due to technological advancements, evolving from conventional classrooms to digital platforms, such as online learning modules and virtual simulations. Within this context, ChatGPT, an innovation in artificial intelligence, stands out for its capacity to enhance and personalize learning experiences in medical education. While the potential of tools like ChatGPT is acknowledged, there is a need to understand the determinants of their acceptance, especially in the backdrop of dynamic medical curricula. Drawing on The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and focusing on perceived value, we collected 563 questionnaires across multiple academic institutions. We then analyzed this data using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), and machine learning (ML) algorithms. Findings highlighted ChatGPT's pronounced influence on user acceptance, with perceived value emerging as a primary driver. Interestingly, task-technology congruence did not show significant predictive power. Notably, the J48 classifier showcased superior predictive capacity over other models for the dependent variable. This study offers invaluable insights for stakeholders in medical education, suggesting the importance of aligning AI tools like ChatGPT with user perceptions and needs to ensure successful adoption and integration into the learning landscape. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Simulation platform

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CVS-FLN: a novel IoT-IDS model based on metaheuristic feature selection and neural network classification model

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第39期83卷 86557-86591页

作者： Geetha, R. Jegatheesan, A. Dhanaraj, Rajesh Kumar Vijayalakshmi, K. Nayyar, Anand Arulkumar, V. Velmurugan, J. Thavasimuthu, Rajendran Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Campus Chengalpattu Chennai India Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamil Nadu Chennai India Pune India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ramco Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Rajapalayam India Graduate School Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan University Da Nang550000 Viet Nam School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the technologies that will be used all over the world in the future, and its security and privacy features are the primary concerns. However, the most critical limitation to overcome before the IoT's widespread use is addressing its security concerns. One of the most critical tasks to address the security problems posed by the IoT is the detection of network intrusions. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) for the IoT face substantial challenges because of the functional and physical diversity of the devices. In the rapidly growing IoT industry, the use of IDS is essential for ensuring security since many devices communicate efficiently. IDS are crucial for continual monitoring and responding to any security risks, ensuring the integrity and reliability of interconnected IoT networks. The primary objective of this research is to develop a feature-selection-based intrusion classification model. Therefore, we develop an IoT-IDS feature selection-based classification model to detect intrusions. We propose a metaheuristic algorithm, the Chaotic Vortex Search (CVS) algorithm, for feature selection. The Fast-Learning Network (FLN), an artificial neural network (ANN) model, is additionally proposed for classification. We use the IDS datasets, such as CIC IDS-2017 and BoT-IoT, to evaluate our research model. To test and validate the proposed model, extensive experiments were performed, and the outcomes stated that the CVS-FLN model achieved 99.77% accuracy, 99.92% specificity, 99.60% precision, 99.81% detection rate, and a 99.72% F1-score in the CIC IDS dataset, and 99.68% accuracy, 99.30% precision, 99.83% specificity, 99.11% detection rate, and a 99.21% F1-score in evaluating the BoT-IoT dataset. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Intrusion detection

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Recognition of Colon Neoplasm using Contrast-Aware Capsule Network 9

Recognition of Colon Neoplasm using Contrast-Aware Capsule N...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Adaptive science and Technology, ICAST 2024

作者： Yeboah, Mavis Serwaa Kwabena Mensah, Patrick Adekoya, Adebayo Felix Abra Ayidzoe, Mighty University of Energy and Natural Resources Department of Computer Science and Informatics Sunyani Ghana Sunyani Technical University Department of Computer Science Sunyani Ghana Catholic University of Ghana Faculty of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Sunyani Ghana

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385403

Colon neoplasms are the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, and despite advances in endoscopy, even experienced endoscopists miss 22-28% of cases. Intelligent systems can bridge this gap, but current approaches face significant challenges. For instance, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) excel in image recognition but require large datasets, which are often scarce in healthcare. On the other hand, Capsule Networks, suitable for smaller datasets, struggle with complex images. To address these limitations, we propose a novel contrast-aware Capsule Network for colon neoplasm recognition. By incorporating a novel contrast-aware feature transformation algorithm, our proposed model enhances extracted features and focuses on processing relevant features, achieving remarkable recognition accuracies of 96.70%, 93.68%, and 99.99% on PolyGen, ETIS-Larib, and CVC-ClinicDB datasets, respectively. Our approach outperforms state-of-the-art Capsule Network algorithms and offers a promising solution to support endoscopists in accurate colon neoplasm detection, reducing the burden of image analysis and improving patient outcomes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Automated Invoice Processing System

Automated Invoice Processing System

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management, IEEM 2023

作者： Alkhaled, Lama Fei, Ng Yee Luleå University of Technology Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå Sweden Asia Pacific University Faculty of Computing Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323153

Many companies still rely on manual data entry methods for managing their invoices. Some of these companies deal with a high volume of invoices in various formats daily, resulting in time-consuming processes and resource wastage. To address this issue, a proposal is made to implement an efficient automated invoice processing system using deep learning. This system aims to reduce workload and enhance productivity for companies. In addition, a comprehensive review and comparison of existing techniques and similar systems have been conducted to identify the most suitable solution for this scenario. The proposed work utilizes advanced deep learning computer vision techniques, a simple Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based on RPN, and LeNet-5 is used to detect and classify text objects on invoice documents. This paper utilized scanned invoices to assess the system's performance. A dataset consisting of 1000 scanned English invoices from the Scanned Receipts OCR and Information Extraction (SROIE) dataset. The system will predict and extract specific regions such as invoice number, date, payer information, and total amount from the invoices. However, it has been observed that low-resolution and unclear invoices can negatively impact the accuracy of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) pattern-matching methods. To mitigate this issue, an image pre-processing method has been incorporated, which reduces image noise and corrects page skew to achieve better performance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： CNN Deep learning Invoice processing LeNet optical character processing RPN

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Towards Techniques for Updating Virtual Knowledge Graphs 17

Towards Techniques for Updating Virtual Knowledge Graphs

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17th International Rule Challenge and 7th Doctoral Consortium @ RuleM+RR, RuleML+RR-Companion 2023

作者： Wandji, Romuald Esdras Šimkus, Mantas Calvanese, Diego Department of Computing Science Umeå Universitet Umeå Sweden Research Centre for Knowledge and Data Faculty of Engineering Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Bolzano Italy

The field of Virtual Knowledge Graphs (VKGs) continues to grow in both academic and applied contexts. Yet, the issue of updates in VKG systems has not yet received adequate attention, although it is crucial to manage data modifications at the data source level through the lens of an ontology. In this paper, we focus on VKGs whose ontology is specified in the lightweight ontology language DL-LiteA, and we propose diverse settings and research directions we intend to explore to address the challenge of translating ontology-based updates into updates at the level of data sources. We also pay attention to the important problem of automated analysis of mappings, which plays a major role when it comes to reformulating ontology-based update requests into update requests over the data sources. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

关键词： Ontology

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Maximizing Resource Efficiency in Cloud Data Centers through Knowledge-Based Flower Pollination Algorithm (KB-FPA)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3757-3782页

作者： Nidhika Chauhan Navneet Kaur Kamaljit Singh Saini Sahil Verma Kavita Ruba Abu Khurma Pedro A.Castillo University Institute of Computing Department Chandigarh UniversityPunjab140413India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh UniversityPunjab140413India Universidade Federal do Piauí TeresinaPiauí64049-550Brazil MEU Research Unit Faculty of Information TechnologyMiddle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan Department of Computer Engineering Automatics and RoboticsUniversity of GranadaGranada18071Spain

Cloud computing is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field,where the demand for resources fluctuates *** paper delves into the imperative need for adaptability in the allocation of resources to applications and services within cloud computing *** motivation stems from the pressing issue of accommodating fluctuating levels of user demand *** adhering to the proposed resource allocation method,we aim to achieve a substantial reduction in energy *** reduction hinges on the precise and efficient allocation of resources to the tasks that require those most,aligning with the broader goal of sustainable and eco-friendly cloud computing *** enhance the resource allocation process,we introduce a novel knowledge-based optimization *** this study,we rigorously evaluate its efficacy by comparing it to existing algorithms,including the Flower Pollination Algorithm(FPA),Spark Lion Whale Optimization(SLWO),and Firefly *** findings reveal that our proposed algorithm,Knowledge Based Flower Pollination Algorithm(KB-FPA),consistently outperforms these conventional methods in both resource allocation efficiency and energy consumption *** paper underscores the profound significance of resource allocation in the realm of cloud *** addressing the critical issue of adaptability and energy efficiency,it lays the groundwork for a more sustainable future in cloud computing *** contribution to the field lies in the introduction of a new resource allocation strategy,offering the potential for significantly improved efficiency and sustainability within cloud computing infrastructures.

关键词： Cloud computing resource allocation energy consumption optimization algorithm flower pollination algorithm

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Lightweight Convolutional Network For Automated Photovoltaic Defect Detection 9

Lightweight Convolutional Network For Automated Photovoltaic...

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9th International Conference on Information Technology Trends, ITT 2023

作者： Zahid, Arsalan Hussain, Muhammad Hill, Richard Al-Aqrabi, Hussain University of Huddersfield School of Computing and Engineering Huddersfield United Kingdom Higher Colleges of Technology Faculty of Computer Information Science Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327502

As the World moves towards renewable energy, photovoltaic modules are a fundamental option due to their green nature. However, the manufacturing process of solar cells is complex and vulnerable to discrepancies which can impact the overall performance of the system. Although human-led inspection is seen as the de-facto quality inspection protocol, issues pertaining to bias, cost and time can make it an expensive process. To this effect, this paper focuses on the development of a custom convolutional architecture that is lightweight, hence deployable within manufacturing facilities to assist with defective solar cell inspection. In addition, to address the issue of data scarcity, representative data augmentations are producing tailored towards enhancing the model's generalizability. The high efficacy of the proposed CNN and proposed augmentations can be gauged by the fact that 98% F1 score was achieved overall. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Feature Reduction of Relational Oil Drilling Data Before Propositionalization and Harmonization by Measuring Relational Data Missingness

Feature Reduction of Relational Oil Drilling Data Before Pro...

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ASEAN Australian engineering Congress, AAEC 2022

作者： Ting, Clement Pek Wen Then, Patrick Hang Hui Centre for Digital Futures School of Information and Communications Technologies Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Sarawak Kuching Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819955466

Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) is a process undertaken by many data scientists who aim to extract knowledge from previously collected, secondary data. KDD is difficult when the scientist must analyze big data without prior due to the amount of knowledge required to understand and select relevant features for propositionalization, which is the conversion of raw relational data (stored in several tables) to propositional data (stored as one table) which is more compatible with established feature selection and data mining techniques. In this paper, we describe the Database Attribute Health Feature Reduction process (DAHFR) which is used as a filter-method feature selection metric for Feature Selection before Propositionalization (FSbP) to reduce the scope of features for observation, analysis, harmonization, and propositionalization before data mining. We employ FSbP using DAHFR during the KDD of multi-sourced oil drilling data which is contained in about 20,000 features in about 700 tables in 1 database per source. Each database follows an identical schema but has varying feature-wide missingness and semantic patterns which makes effective propositionalization difficult. DAHFR is a semi-automated process which allows the user to measure relational missingness of each feature for feature reduction and compare missingness patterns across databases. DAHFR is an improvement to existing feature selection processes because it requires minimum initial knowledge of the database’s business rules and could be used with relational data without the need for direct data observation nor prior propositionalization. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Data mining

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