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2nd International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, ICIMR 2024

作者： Quan, Teoh Chee Jasser, Muhammed Basheer Issa, Bayan Ajibade, Samuel-Soma M. Majeed, Anwar P. P. Abdul Luo, Yang Department of Smart Computing and Cyber Resilience School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sunway University No. 5 Jalan Universiti Bandar Sunway Petaling Jaya Selangor Sunway City47500 Malaysia Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sunway University No. 5 Jalan Universiti Bandar Sunway Selangor Petaling Jaya47500 Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sunway University No. 5 Jalan Universiti Bandar Sunway Selangor Petaling Jaya47500 Malaysia Faculty of Informatics Engineering University of Aleppo Aleppo Syria School of Intelligent Manufacturing Ecosystem Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou Taicang215400 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819639489

This survey provides detailed perspectives on Malaysian solar energy system adoption in relation to the economic outcome and environmental and policy context. This work has been done by using comprehensive keyword lists and inclusion criteria to confirm that the findings of this survey capture as many relevant publications as possible from the research period from 2010 to 2024. Unlike numerous papers that investigate such systems with mere commercial or industrial perspective, this survey aims at assessing residential installation, and providing accurate cost benefit analysis while showing the business belief of such schemes. It also examines various opinions, especially the Malaysian government policies and strategic incentives and staking its success on public awareness and acceptance. We equally allocate a considerable portion of this survey to discussing the environmental effects and the life cycle analyses comparing solar energy with other energy types. Notably, the survey is also under sustainable development goal 7 with the goal of achieving universal access to affordable reliable, sustainable and modern energy. Such a focus also makes the identified topics relevant for Malaysia, which is useful for references in subsequent projects and activities. These would include use of web-survey, the coverage on the residential sector, the ability to incorporate policy analysis and emphasis on sustainability to the study on solar energy usage in residential Malaysia. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Clean energy

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An Efficient Algorithm for Software Reliability Prediction via Harris Hawks Optimization 2nd

An Efficient Algorithm for Software Reliability Prediction v...

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2nd International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, ICIMR 2024

作者： Kong, Li Sheng Jasser, Muhammed Basheer Issa, Bayan Ajibade, Samuel-Soma M. Majeed, Anwar P. P. Abdul Luo, Yang Department of Smart Computing and Cyber Resilience School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sunway University No. 5 Jalan Universiti Bandar Sunway Selangor Petaling Jaya47500 Malaysia Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sunway University No. 5 Jalan Universiti Bandar Sunway Selangor Petaling Jaya47500 Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sunway University No. 5 Jalan Universiti Bandar Sunway Selangor Petaling Jaya47500 Malaysia Faculty of Informatics Engineering University of Aleppo Aleppo Syria School of Intelligent Manufacturing Ecosystem Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou Taicang215400 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819639489

Software reliability has become an increasingly important characteristic as software systems continue to be integrated into all parts of our lives. While the occurrence of failure after a period of time is within the nature of all software systems, the ability to estimate and predict failure is greatly beneficial to software development and maintenance. Hence, Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) were developed to fulfill this requirement. Conventional parameter estimation methods of SRGM functions were complex and left more to be desired. Consequently, metaheuristics such as Swarm Intelligence algorithms were introduced to estimate and optimize the parameters of SRGM functions. Likewise, Swarm Intelligence algorithms were found to be exceptionally effective in estimating and optimizing the parameters of SRGM functions. This paper presents a novel approach to parameter estimation on three different SRGM functions through Harris’ Hawks Optimization (HHO). The proposed HHO design is compared against numerous different variants of Swarm Intelligence algorithms and is shown to be significantly more efficient than the majority of the compared designs. Moreover, as the proposed design is a base variant of Swarm Intelligence algorithms, various avenues of future improvements have also been presented to improve its overall prediction accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Harris’ Hawks Optimization Parameter Estimation Software Reliability Growth Models Software Reliability Prediction Swarm Intelligence

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LossControl: Defending Membership Inference Attacks by Controlling the Loss

LossControl: Defending Membership Inference Attacks by Contr...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Bo Yang Hongwei Yang Renhao Lu Hui He Weizhe Zhang Haoyu He Rahul Yadav Faculty of Computing Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Department of Data Science and AI Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Melbourne Australia College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering University Harbin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIAs), where adversaries attempt to predict whether specific samples are part of the model’s training set. Previous studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between the distinguishability of training and testing loss distributions and the model’s susceptibility to MIAs. Motivated by existing results, we propose a novel training framework called LossControl, which focuses on manipulating loss to mitigate privacy leaks. In LossControl, we first utilize Soft-label Training to replace the general learning process, which facilitates model training while improving generalization. Next, we monitor overfitting samples during the training process and prevent further loss reduction by applying our designed Loss Ascent to these samples without sacrificing model performance. Through extensive evaluations across four diverse datasets (including images, medical data, and transaction records), our method consistently outperforms defense mechanisms against state-of-the-art attacks and achieves optimal model performance in most experiments, demonstrating LossControl’s superior resilience against MIAs and its ability to strike an unparalleled balance between privacy and utility.

关键词： Training Privacy Process control Machine learning Predictive models Signal processing Speech processing Testing Resilience Overfitting

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Not All Videos Become Outdated: Short-Video Recommendation by Learning to Deconfound Release Interval Bias

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dong, Lulu He, Guoxiu Sun, Aixin Faculty of Economics and Management East China Normal University Shanghai China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

Short-video recommender systems often exhibit a biased preference to recently released videos. However, not all videos become outdated;certain classic videos can still attract user’s attention. Such bias along temporal dimension can be further aggravated by the matching model between users and videos, because the model learns from preexisting interactions. From real data, we observe that different videos have varying sensitivities to recency in attracting users’ attention. Our analysis, based on a causal graph modeling short-video recommendation, suggests that the release interval serves as a confounder, establishing a backdoor path between users and videos. To address this confounding effect, we propose a model-agnostic causal architecture called Learning to Deconfound the Release Interval Bias (LDRI). LDRI enables jointly learning of the matching model and the video recency sensitivity perceptron. In the inference stage, we apply a backdoor adjustment, effectively blocking the backdoor path by intervening on each video. Extensive experiments on two benchmarks demonstrate that LDRI consistently outperforms backbone models and exhibits superior performance against state-of-the-art models. Additional comprehensive analyses confirm the deconfounding capability of LDRI. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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A New Interactive Gaming Approach for Enhancing Math Learning Among Marginalized Communities 1

A New Interactive Gaming Approach for Enhancing Math Learnin...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Smart Technology, ICE-SMARTec 2023

作者： Awang, Hapini Mansor, Nur Suhaili Harun, Nor Hazlyna Bakar, Juhaida Abu Al-Mashhadani, Abdulrazak F. Shahatha Hassan, Mohamad Ghozali Institute for Advanced and Smart Digital Opportunities School of Computing Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok Malaysia School of Computing Universiti Utara Malaysia Data Science Research Lab Sintok Malaysia Sohar University Faculty of Business Sohar Oman Disaster Management Institute School of Technology Management and Logistics Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306156

Mathematics is often considered a boring and challenging subject, which makes it difficult for educators to attract marginalized children to learn and embrace it. Therefore, this article discusses the development and evaluation of a mobile game application called Math-Hero, designed to enhance marginalized children's mathematical skills through an interactive, engaging, and heartfelt learning environment. To examine the effectiveness of Math-Hero, an online survey method was employed to collect data from 32 respondents. The evaluation model was developed following the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Three constructs - Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), and Intention to Adopt (ITA) - were examined quantitatively using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Additionally, qualitative data were analyzed using thematic and sentiment analyses. The results of quantitative analyses indicate that Math-Hero is easy to use, beneficial, and the users intend to use it in the future. Its ease of use has a positive correlation with usefulness and intention to adopt it. The sentiment analysis also supports the findings, as most of the users have a positive and neutral perception of Math-Hero. Although Math-Hero has shown promise in improving marginalized children's mathematical skills, there is still room for improvement to make it even more robust and effective in the future. Moreover, further research is necessary to empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of Math-Hero among diverse marginalized communities, beyond just Semai youngsters. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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When Artificial Intelligence meets Navarasas - Facial Expression Classification in Kathakali Using DSFD and CNN

When Artificial Intelligence meets Navarasas - Facial Expres...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Informatics, Communication and Energy Systems, SPICES 2024

作者： Iyer, Ganesh Neelakanta Saengarunvong, Nattapong Le, Minh Hien School of Computing National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science Singapore Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Department of Computer Engineering Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Case School of Engineering Case Western Reserve University Department of Computer and Data Sciences ClevelandOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376135

Kathakali, an ancient art form that dates back to the 17th century, is renowned for its intricate hand gestures, dance movements, musical accompaniment, elaborate costumes, and makeup. Mastering such an art form is a challenge even for the most dedicated enthusiasts, given its unconventional methods of expression. However, with current advanced technology, we can use this to aid the learning of unfamiliar subjects by classifying factors to help the new learners. In this paper, we focus on classifying one aspect of the play, which is the expressions on the actor's face given a picture using computer vision methods. To achieve the final model, we use a combination of Dual Shot Face Detector (DSFD) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and finally tuning up the epochs of the training process. With our dataset, the proposed model reached an accuracy of 93% among nine classes. This project hopes to introduce Kathakali to a wider audience and facilitate the learning process of this art form. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Towards a Sustainable Future: Analyzing Water Quality Changes for Environmental Sustainability 1

Towards a Sustainable Future: Analyzing Water Quality Change...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Smart Technology, ICE-SMARTec 2023

作者： Mansor, Nur Suhaili Awang, Hapini Harun, Nor Hazlyna Hassan, Mohamad Ghozali Shehu Malami, Sarkin Tudu Shamsuddin, Noraishah Institute for Advanced and Smart Digital Opportunities School of Computing Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok Malaysia School of Computing Universiti Utara Malaysia Data Science Research Lab Sintok Malaysia School of Technology Management and Logistics Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok Malaysia Sokoto State University Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Sokoto Nigeria Ici in Smart Manufacturing Sirim Bhd Shah Alam Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306156

The development of industrial areas is frequently thought to have a good impact on society because it helps to meet the population's requirements. However, it also negatively impacts the environment, such as river pollution. If a country experiences rapid economic growth without considering the effects of industrial development on the environment, then human well-being will be affected. In this context, advanced development is attained by a developed nation while ensuring the well-being of society. Uncontrolled and unsustainable development increases environmental pollution, adversely affecting human health. As water is essential for human life, water resources, such as rivers, must be properly managed and protected to ensure human well-being. Thus, the study conducted on the changes in the water quality of the Kim Kim River provides insights into how unintended consequences of urban and industrial development can be identified and addressed using three sets of satellite imagery data from 2015, 2019 and 2020. The study was led to identify research problems and achieve the study objectives to obtain research results. The results of image classification analyses indicate that the development area near Sungai Kim Kim increased to 50%, with 38% from industrial areas. The RMSE for the image classification is 1.51, significantly better than the minimum allowed value of 2.00. It provides an understanding of the change in river water quality because of urban and industrial development. By highlighting the importance of sustainable development and the need to balance economic growth with environmental protection, this study contributes to the development of effective policies and strategies for the sustainable development of industrial areas. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Water quality

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Convergent Differential Privacy Analysis for General Federated Learning: the f-DP Perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sun, Yan Shen, Li Tao, Dacheng Faculty of Engineering The University of Sydney Australia School of Cyber Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen University China College of Computing & Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Federated learning (FL) is an efficient collaborative training paradigm extensively developed with a focus on local privacy, and differential privacy (DP) is a classical approach to capture and ensure the reliability of private security. Their powerful cooperation provides a promising paradigm for the large-scale private clients. As a predominant implementation, the noisy perturbation has been widely studied, being theoretically proven to offer significant protections. However, existing analyses in FL-DP mostly rely on the composition theorem and cannot tightly quantify the privacy leakage challenges, which is tight for a few communication rounds but yields an arbitrarily loose and divergent bound eventually. This also implies a counterintuitive judgment, suggesting that FL-DP may not provide adequate privacy support during long-term training. To further investigate the convergent privacy and reliability of the FL-DP framework, in this paper, we comprehensively evaluate the worst privacy of two classical methods under the non-convex and smooth objectives based on the f-DP analysis. With the aid of the shifted interpolation technique, we successfully prove that privacy in Noisy-FedAvg has a tight convergent bound. Moreover, with the regularization of the proxy term, privacy in Noisy-FedProx has a stable constant lower bound. Our analysis further demonstrates a solid theoretical foundation for the reliability of privacy in FL-DP. Meanwhile, our conclusions can also be losslessly converted to other classical DP analytical frameworks, e.g. (ϵ,δ)-DP and Rényi-DP (RDP). © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Federated learning

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TeZO: Empowering the Low-Rankness on the Temporal Dimension in the Zeroth-Order Optimization for Fine-tuning LLMs

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Sun, Yan Ding, Tiansheng Huang Liang Shen, Li Tao, Dacheng Faculty of Engineering The University of Sydney Australia School of Cyber Science and Technology Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University China The college of Computing & Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Zeroth-order optimization (ZO) has demonstrated remarkable promise in efficient fine-tuning tasks for Large Language Models (LLMs). In particular, recent advances incorporate the low-rankness of gradients, introducing low-rank ZO estimators to further reduce GPU memory consumption. However, most existing works focus solely on the low-rankness of each individual gradient, overlooking a broader property shared by all gradients throughout the training, i.e., all gradients approximately reside within a similar subspace. In this paper, we consider two factors together and propose a novel low-rank ZO estimator, TeZO, which captures the low-rankness across both the model and temporal dimension. Specifically, we represent ZO perturbations along the temporal dimension as a 3D tensor and employ Canonical Polyadic Decomposition (CPD) to extract each low-rank 2D matrix, significantly reducing the training cost. TeZO can also be easily extended to the Adam variant while consuming less memory than MeZO-SGD, and requiring about only 35% memory of MeZO-Adam. Both comprehensive theoretical analysis and extensive experimental research have validated its efficiency, achieving SOTA-comparable results with lower overhead of time and memory. © 2025, CC BY.

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SegMorph: Concurrent Motion Estimation and Segmentation for Cardiac MRI Sequences

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2024年 PP卷 1-1页

作者： Bi, Ning Zakeri, Arezoo Xia, Yan Cheng, Nina Taylor, Zeike A. Frangi, Alejandro F. Gooya, Ali University of Leeds Leeds UK Christabel Pankhurst Institute Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Sciences School of Health Sciences Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK CISTIB the School of Computing University of Leeds Leeds UK CISTIB School of Mechanical Engineering University of Leeds UK Christabel Pankhurst Institute Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science and Engineering and the Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Science Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health The University of Manchester Manchester UK School of Computing Science University of Glasgow Glasgow UK

We propose a novel recurrent variational network, SegMorph, to perform concurrent segmentation and motion estimation on cardiac cine magnetic resonance image (CMR) sequences. Our model establishes a recurrent latent space that captures spatiotemporal features from cine-MRI sequences for multitask inference and synthesis. The proposed model follows a recurrent variational auto-encoder framework and adopts a learnt prior from the temporal inputs. We utilise a multi-branch decoder to handle bi-ventricular segmentation and motion estimation simultaneously. In addition to the spatiotemporal features from the latent space, motion estimation enriches the supervision of sequential segmentation tasks by providing pseudo-ground truth. On the other hand, the segmentation branch helps with motion estimation by predicting deformation vector fields (DVFs) based on anatomical information. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than state-of-the-art approaches qualitatively and quantitatively for both segmentation and motion estimation tasks. We achieved an 81% average Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and a less than 3.5 mm average Hausdorff distance on segmentation. Meanwhile, we achieved a motion estimation Dice Similarity Coefficient of over 79%, with approximately 0.14% of pixels displaying a negative Jacobian determinant in the estimated DVFs. IEEE

关键词： Motion estimation

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