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36th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, SEKE 2024

作者： Zhang, Zhiping Sun, Tao Zheng, Hongyan Liu, Hao Liu, Gengchen Yang, Zhi Wang, Xiaoyu Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Jinan China Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)1891706594

The aim of cross-modal image-text retrieval is to heighten comprehension and to create robust associations between visual and textual content. This process entails a mutual querying and synchronization across various data formats. While conventional techniques have seen enhancements via attention-based approaches, they frequently miss the dynamics between corresponding and non-corresponding entity areas within image-text pairs. These techniques, often fixated on aligning image entities with textual terms, can overlook the congruence of entity characteristics, leading to less accurate localization. This research introduces PNRITR, an innovative strategy for cross-modal retrieval that leverages label learning to discern attributes absent from images, broadening the scope beyond just positive entity areas. PNRITR has delivered notable advancements on the Flickr30K and MS-COCO datasets. © 2024 Knowledge Systems Institute Graduate School. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge based systems

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LGDB-Net: Dual-Branch Path for Building Extraction from Remote Sensing Image 30

LGDB-Net: Dual-Branch Path for Building Extraction from Remo...

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30th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2024

作者： Zhang, Ronghuan Zhao, Jing Li, Ming Zou, Qingzhi Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan China Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Jinan China Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Intelligence and Information Engineering Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515966

Extracting buildings from remote sensing images using deep learning techniques is a widely applied and crucial task. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) adopt hierarchical feature representation, showcasing powerful capabilities in extracting local information but facing challenges in capturing global features. Transformers can address this limitation, but they perform poorly in extracting local features and significantly increase memory requirements and computational complexity. To overcome these challenges, we propose a method for building extraction from remote sensing images called LGDB-Net (Local-Global Dual-Branch Network), employing a dual-branch approach. Firstly, inspired by Swin Transformer, we designed GB-Former(Global Branch-Former) as the backbone network to model global information. We use a linear multi-head self-attention mechanism to reduce time and memory complexity while maintaining a large global receptive field. Additionally, we replace the traditional multi-layer perceptron with a convolution-enhanced multi-layer perceptron to improve channel feature representation, reduce model parameters, and enhance segmentation performance. Secondly, we use multiple Depth-wise Conv3×3 + LN (Layer Normalization) + GeLU (Gaussian Error Linear Unit) modules as the auxiliary branch for local detailed feature extraction. Finally, we adopt a multi-scale feature fusion strategy to integrate feature information from both branches. We conduct a series of experiments on three datasets: WHU, Massachusetts, and Inria. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method not only effectively improves segmentation accuracy with lower building omission and commission rates but also significantly reduces model parameters and computational complexity. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Robust and digital hyper-polarization protocol of nuclear spins via magic sequential sequence

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Haiyang Liao, Hao Wang, Ping Faculty of Arts and Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China National Engineering Laboratory on Big Data System Computing Technology Guangdong Province Engineering Center of China-made High Performance Data Computing System College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

Hyper-polarization of nuclear spins is crucial for advancing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and quantum information technologies, as nuclear spins typically exhibit extremely low polarization at room temperature due to their small gyro-magnetic ratios. A promising approach to achieving high nuclear spin polarization is transferring the polarization of electron to nuclear spin. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has emerged as a highly effective medium for this purpose, and various hyper-polarization protocols have been developed. Among these, the pulsed polarization (PulsePol) method has been extensively studied due to its robustness against static energy shifts of the electron spin. In this study, we introduce a sequential polarization protocol and identify a series of magic and digital sequences for hyper-polarizing nuclear spins. Notably, we demonstrate that some of these magic sequences exhibit significantly greater robustness compared to the PulsePol protocol in the presence of finite half π pulse duration of the protocol. This enhanced robustness positions our protocol as a more suitable candidate for hyper-polarizing nuclear spins species with large gyromagnetic ratios and also ensures better compatibility with high-efficiency readout techniques at high magnetic fields. Additionally, the generality of our protocol allows for its direct application to other solid-state quantum systems beyond the NV center. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Chemical shift

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Moving towards FAIR mappings and crosswalks

Moving towards FAIR mappings and crosswalks

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2024 Joint Ontology Workshops - Episode X: The Tukker Zomer of Ontology, and Satellite Events, JOWO 2024

作者： Martínková, Jana Juty, Nick Beltran, Alejandra Gonzalez Goble, Carole Le Franc, Yann e-Science Data Factory S.A.S.U. Montpellier France Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Information Technology Prague160 00 Czech Republic The University of Manchester Department of Computer Science Oxford Road ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Scientific Computing Science and Technology Facilities Council Harwell Campus OX11 0QX United Kingdom

Mappings and crosswalks are key elements to ensure semantic interoperability as well as metadata and data integration between different information systems. Designing FAIR compliant systems requires making sure all the elements that constitute the systems are themselves FAIR to support machine-actionability and automation. This paper describes the ongoing European and international effort to build a framework for FAIR mappings and crosswalks. This framework aims to be generic enough to capture the diverse set of use cases and methodologies across domains and communities. It should be composed of a set of technical recommendations to aid compliance with FAIR principles, a set of models for machine-actionable mappings and crosswalks as well as a practical framework with aligned good practices to support the creation of mappings by scientific communities. Developed in the context of FAIR IMPACT, a Horizon Europe project, this work will be pursued within a more international context as a Research data Alliance Working Group. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Mapping

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FERI: Feature Enhancement and Relational Interaction for Image-text Matching 30

FERI: Feature Enhancement and Relational Interaction for Ima...

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30th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2024

作者： Zhang, Yu Zhang, Jianqiang Song, Gongpeng Lu, Qin Zhao, Shuo Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan China Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Jinan China Shandong Branch of China Mobile Communication Group Design Institute Co. Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515966

Image-text matching is an important problem at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing. It aims to establish the semantic link between image and text to achieve high-quality semantic alignment between the two modalities. However, the existing methods have the problem that the meaning expressed in the image or the complex narrative in the text cannot be fully understood due to insufficient feature extraction. Moreover, due to the essential modal differences between images and texts, how to effectively and accurately align the semantic contents in images and texts has become the key of research. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a method based on feature enhancement and relationship interaction. When processing images, the proposed method fuses labeled features, region features and location features to represent images. When processing text, a combination of Bi-GRU and self-attention mechanism is used to represent the text. In order to further align the semantic content in images and texts accurately, this paper improves two relational interaction mechanisms by identifying connection relationships and learning association relationships. Thus, the relation enhanced embedding is obtained. Finally, it calculated the similarity of the enhanced embedding to judge the matching degree of the image and text. Extensive experiments on the public datasets Flickr30K and MSCOCO demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： cross-modal retrieval feature enhancement image-text matching relationship interaction

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SMGC-SBERT: A Multi-Feature Fusion Chinese Short Text Similarity Computation Model Based on Optimised SBERT

SMGC-SBERT: A Multi-Feature Fusion Chinese Short Text Simila...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Zhao, Shuo Gu, Qiliang Zhang, Jianqiang Song, Gongpeng Lu, Qin Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan China Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan China Shandong Branch of China Mobile Communication Group Design Institute Co. Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

Chinese short text similarity computation stands as a pivotal task within natural language processing, garnering significant attention. However, existing models grapple with limitations in handling intricate semantic relationships, such as the challenge of discerning subtle semantic nuances in text, inadequacies in effectively integrating diverse levels of semantic information, and the struggle to capture polysemous meanings accurately. In addressing these issues, this paper introduces an innovative Chinese short text similarity computation model, SMGC-SBERT. This model addresses shortcomings of the existing models by employing a multi-module fusion strategy, thereby enabling a more precise measurement of semantic similarity between texts. Primarily, the model incorporates SAT embedding to acquire phrase-level semantic information and leverages the MS-BERT model to encode text, improving the model's comprehension of textual polysemy and obtaining richer semantic representation. Then, the fusion of module features, including multi-branch convolutional networks and mix pooling, enables the extraction of textual features from varied levels, bolstering the model's representational capacity. Additionally, to further reduce overfitting risks while improving accuracy and other performance, a multi-layer feature adjustment network is utilized for short text similarity calculation. The final resultant experimental findings showcase the superiority of the SMGC-SBERT model over other neural network models, demonstrating significant advancements across both Chinese-SNLI and CCKS2018_Task3 Chinese short text datasets. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Divide-Conquer Transformer Learning for Predicting Electric Vehicle Charging Events Using Smart Meter data

Divide-Conquer Transformer Learning for Predicting Electric ...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： Fucai Ke Hao Wang Department of Human Centred Computing Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Australia Department of Data Science and AI Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Australia Monash Energy Institute Monash University Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350381832

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381849

Predicting electric vehicle (EV) charging events is crucial for load scheduling and energy management, promoting seamless transportation electrification and decarbonization. While prior studies have focused on EV charging demand prediction, primarily for public charging stations using historical charging data, home charging prediction is equally essential. However, existing prediction methods may not be suitable due to the unavailability of or limited access to home charging data. To address this research gap, inspired by the concept of non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM), we develop a home charging prediction method using historical smart meter data. Different from NILM detecting EV charging that has already occurred, our method provides predictive information of future EV charging occurrences, thus enhancing its utility for charging management. Specifically, our method, leverages a self-attention mechanism-based transformer model, employing a "divide-conquer" strategy, to process historical meter data to effectively and learn EV charging representation for charging occurrence prediction. Our method enables prediction at one-minute interval hour-ahead. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, achieving consistently high accuracy of over 96.81% across different prediction time spans. Notably, our method achieves high prediction performance solely using smart meter data, making it a practical and suitable solution for grid operators.

关键词： Load monitoring Accuracy Transportation Predictive models Charging stations Parallel processing Transformers Electric vehicle charging Smart meters Energy management

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Avoiding exp(Rmax) scaling in RLHF through Preference-based Exploration

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chen, Mingyu Chen, Yiding Sun, Wen Zhang, Xuezhou Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Boston University United States Department of Computer Science Cornell University United States Faculty of Computing & Data Sciences Boston University United States

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a pivotal technique for large language model (LLM) alignment. This paper studies the setting of online RLHF and focus on improving sample efficiency. All existing algorithms in online RLHF, whether doing passive exploration or active exploration, suffer from a sample complexity that scales exponentially with the scale of the reward function. This fundamental limitation hinders their effectiveness in scenarios with heavily skewed preferences, e.g. questions with a unique correct solution. To address this, we introduce Self-Exploring Preference-Incentive Online Preference Optimization (SE-POPO), an online RLHF algorithm that for the first time achieves a sample complexity that scales polynomially with the reward scale, answering an open problem raised by Xie et al. (2024). Theoretically, we demonstrate that the sample complexity of SE-POPO dominates that of existing exploration algorithms. Empirically, our systematic evaluation confirms that SE-POPO is more sample-efficient than both exploratory and non-exploratory baselines, in two primary application scenarios of RLHF as well as on public benchmarks, marking a significant step forward in RLHF algorithm design. The code is available at https://***/MYC000801/SE-POPO. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Optimisation and Performance Computation of a Phase Frequency Detector Module for IoT Devices

Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing

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Annals of Emerging Technologies in computing 2024年第1期8卷 13-21页

作者： Hemel, Md. Shahriar Khan Reaz, Mamun Bin Ibne Ali, Sawal Hamid Bin Md Bhuiyan, Mohammad Arif Sobhan Miraz, Mahdi H. Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Independent University Bangladesh School of Electrical Engineering and Artificial Intelligence Xiamen University Malaysia Malaysia School of Computing and Data Science Xiamen University Malaysia Malaysia Faculty of Arts Science and Technology Wrexham University United Kingdom Faculty of Computing Engineering and Science University of South Wales United Kingdom

The Internet of Things (IoT) is pivotal in transforming the way we live and interact with our surroundings. To cope with the advancement in technologies, it is vital to acquire accuracy with the speed. A phase frequency detector (PFD) is a critical device to regulate and provide accurate frequency in IoT devices. Designing a PFD poses challenges in achieving precise phase detection, minimising dead zones, optimising power consumption, and ensuring robust performance across various operational frequencies, necessitating complex engineering and innovative solutions. This study delves into optimising a PFD circuit, designed using 90 nm standard CMOS technology, aiming to achieve superior operational frequencies. An efficient and high-frequency PFD design is crafted and analysed using cadence virtuoso. The study focused on investigating the impact of optimising PFD design. With the optimised PFD, an operational frequency of 5 GHz has been achieved, along with a power consumption of only 29 µW. The dead zone of the PFD was only 25 ps. © 2024 by the author(s).

关键词： Phase locked loops

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Divide-Conquer Transformer Learning for Predicting Electric Vehicle Charging Events Using Smart Meter data

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ke, Fucai Wang, Hao Department of Human Centred Computing Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Australia Department of Data Science and AI Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Australia Monash Energy Institute Monash University Australia

Predicting electric vehicle (EV) charging events is crucial for load scheduling and energy management, promoting seamless transportation electrification and decarbonization. While prior studies have focused on EV charging demand prediction, primarily for public charging stations using historical charging data, home charging prediction is equally essential. However, existing prediction methods may not be suitable due to the unavailability of or limited access to home charging data. To address this research gap, inspired by the concept of nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM), we develop a home charging prediction method using historical smart meter data. Different from NILM detecting EV charging that has already occurred, our method provides predictive information of future EV charging occurrences, thus enhancing its utility for charging management. Specifically, our method, leverages a self-attention mechanism-based transformer model, employing a "divide-conquer" strategy, to process historical meter data to effectively and learn EV charging representation for charging occurrence prediction. Our method enables prediction at one-minute interval hour-ahead. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, achieving consistently high accuracy of over 96.81% across different prediction time spans. Notably, our method achieves high prediction performance solely using smart meter data, making it a practical and suitable solution for grid operators. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Smart meters

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