This paper describes the application of a novel reinforcement learning to the difficult real world problem of elevator dispatching. We propose a new algorithm combing Q-learning and residual gradient to solve this pro...
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ISBN:
(纸本)4907764227
This paper describes the application of a novel reinforcement learning to the difficult real world problem of elevator dispatching. We propose a new algorithm combing Q-learning and residual gradient to solve this problem and obtain the results which are better than other traditional elevator control algorithms.
Speech recognition and understanding have been studied for many years. The neural network is well-known as a technique that is able to classify nonlinear problems. Much research has been done in applying neural networ...
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Speech recognition and understanding have been studied for many years. The neural network is well-known as a technique that is able to classify nonlinear problems. Much research has been done in applying neural networks to solving the problem of recognizing speech such as Arabic. Arabic offers a number of challenges to speech recognition. We propose a fully-connected hidden layer between the input and state nodes and the output. We also investigate and show that this hidden layer makes the learning of complex classification tasks more efficient. We also investigate the difference between LPCC (linear predictive cepstrum coefficients) and MFCC (Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients) in the feature extraction process. The aim of the study was to observe the differences in the 29 letters of the Arabic alphabet from "alif" to "ya". The purpose of this research is to upgrade the knowledge and understanding of Arabic alphabet or words using a fully-connected recurrent neural network (FCRNN) and backpropagation through time (BPTT) learning algorithm. Six speakers (a mixture of male and female) in a quiet environment are used in training.
In many business process modelling situations using Petri nets, the resulting model does not have a single input place and a single output place. Therefore, the correctness of the model cannot be assessed within the e...
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In many business process modelling situations using Petri nets, the resulting model does not have a single input place and a single output place. Therefore, the correctness of the model cannot be assessed within the existing frameworks, which are devised for workflow nets - a particular class of Petri nets with a single input place and a single output place. Moreover, the existing approaches for tackling this problem are rather simplistic and they do not work even for simple examples. This paper shows that, by an appropriate reduction of a multiple input/multiple output Petri net, it is possible to use the existing techniques to check the correctness of the original process. The approach is demonstrated with an appropriate example.
Formal specification of abstract data types (ADTs) is important in modeling system architectures and their implementations. One of the most widely used ADTs is graph, since many problems in sciences and engineering ca...
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Formal specification of abstract data types (ADTs) is important in modeling system architectures and their implementations. One of the most widely used ADTs is graph, since many problems in sciences and engineering can be formulated and solved by a graph model. In this paper, we present a formal approach to the specification of graphs as an ADT using real-time process algebra (RTPA). RTPA is a formal method that describes a software system, especially a real-time system, as a set of processes. We use RTPA to describe a generic graph model in three parts encompassing the architecture, static and dynamic behaviors. In the RTPA specification, the graph behaviors can be classified into four categories, namely: (a) basic operations (InsertNode, DeleteNode, InsertEdge, DeleteEdge, GetSize, GetNumberOfEdges, Retrieve, Update, and Search); (b) node/edge-specific operations (FindNode, FindEdge, Fanin, Fanout, FindNeighbours, and Degree); (c) pointer operations (CurrentNode and CurrentEdge); and (d) utility operations (Create, Clear, and Release). Each of the 20 operations is formally described by an RTPA processes in a unified encapsulation of graph behaviors. On the basis of the RTPA graph model, a wide range of graph-based applications can be implemented by sharing the common architecture and behaviors of the graph as a system type or class.
Regression testing is an important part of software quality assurance. We work to extend regression testing to include regression benchmarking, which applies benchmarking to detect regressions in performance. Given th...
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software process components that share information and that cooperate for common tasks lead to multiple problems of interoperability. Some based-interoperability approaches have been proposed. However, more problems r...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9728865007
software process components that share information and that cooperate for common tasks lead to multiple problems of interoperability. Some based-interoperability approaches have been proposed. However, more problems remain to be solved to enable the heterogeneous process components interoperability at execution level. This paper presents a process-based approach (architecture) for the federation of software process systems. Based on this approach, we focus on its implementation problems for the process execution interoperability. We show how we solve these problems and we discuss their implementation through the main development techniques of distributed applications.
Wireless sensor network technology promises to reveal fine-grained, dynamic changes in monitored variables of an outdoor landscape. But there are significant problems to be overcome in translating this vision to worki...
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Wireless sensor network technology promises to reveal fine-grained, dynamic changes in monitored variables of an outdoor landscape. But there are significant problems to be overcome in translating this vision to working systems. This paper describes the design and implementation of a reactive, event driven network for environmental monitoring of soil moisture and evaluates the effectiveness of this solution. A novel feature of our solution is its reactivity to the environment: when rain falls and soil moisture is changing rapidly, measurements are collected frequently, whereas during dry periods, between rainfall events, measurements are collected much less often. Reactivity allows us to focus on dynamic responses and limit the amount of useless data gathered, as well as improving robustness and network lifetime. The main contribution of the paper is to demonstrate that a reactive sensor network can deliver useful data on soil moisture responses to rainfall. Field trial results on the reactivity, robustness and longevity of the network are evaluated, and future improvements proposed.
The current debate about the teaching of data structures is hampered because, as a community, we usually debate specifics about data structure implementations and libraries, when the real level of disagreement remains...
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The current debate about the teaching of data structures is hampered because, as a community, we usually debate specifics about data structure implementations and libraries, when the real level of disagreement remains implicit - the intent behind our teaching. This paper presents a phenomenographic study of the intent of CS educators for teaching data structures in CS2. Based on interviews with computerscience educators and analysis of CS literature, we identified five categories of intent: developing transferable thinking, improving students' programming skills, knowing "what's under the hood", knowledge of software libraries, and component thinking. The CS community needs to first debate at the level of these categories before moving to more specific issues. This study also serves as an example of how phenomenographic analysis can be used to inform debate on syllabus design in general. Copyright 2004 ACM.
Trees are one of the most important elements of natural landscapes. Therefore, in computer graphics, there is a great demand for methods to realize the natural representation of trees in virtual landscapes in various ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769519466
Trees are one of the most important elements of natural landscapes. Therefore, in computer graphics, there is a great demand for methods to realize the natural representation of trees in virtual landscapes in various fields such as entertainment industry or environmental assessment in construction. Many studies have been made on techniques in which the shapes of trees are modeled but only a few studies have been reported on methods to incorporate the shapes with motions in a wind field. Most of these studies use physical simulation techniques based on the equations of motion to generate the branch motions and cannot realize the motions of individual leaves. In this paper, we propose a method to create the natural motions of individual leaves and branches swaying in a wind field. This method generates the leaf and branch motions based on "1/f(beta) noise", which is observed in various natural phenomena. For the branch motion, a simple simulation method based on the spring model is applied to enhance the realism of the motion. This method enables the real-time creation of the leaf and branch motions. Diverse motions according to tree species and shapes and wind conditions can be easily realized by controlling the parameters.
Distributed resource allocation is a fundamental problem in construction of distributed systems. Though a lot of distributed algorithms have been developed for the problem, many of them are only designed to satisfy th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769519067
Distributed resource allocation is a fundamental problem in construction of distributed systems. Though a lot of distributed algorithms have been developed for the problem, many of them are only designed to satisfy the desired quality of the requested resources, without considering acceptable range of the quality of the requested resources. In this paper we propose a new distributed algorithm employing a concession method, by which a process can transfer a reserved resource to another process, so that more processes can use the resources in the same time, to increase the efficiency and still keep the satisfaction for the quality of the resources in an acceptable range. We redefine the problem, and give the design and implementation of the algorithm in the paper.
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