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MangoLeafXNet: An Explainable Deep Learning Model for Accurate Mango Leaf Disease Classification

IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 93977-94008页

作者： Rayed, Md Eshmam Jim, Jamin Rahman Islam, Md Juniadul Mridha, M.F. Kabir, Md Mohsin Hossen, Md. Jakir American International University-Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1229 Bangladesh Mälardalens University Division of Computer Science and Software Engineering Västerås722 20 Sweden Multimedia University Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Robotics and Automation Melaka Malaysia

Addressing the global challenge of ensuring a consistent and abundant supply of fresh fruit, particularly in the context of fruit crops, is hindered by the prevalence of plant diseases. These diseases directly impact the quality of fruits, leading to a decline in overall agricultural production. Mango leaf diseases pose significant threats to global mango production, necessitating accurate and efficient classification techniques for timely disease management. Our study focuses on introducing MangoLeafXNet, a customized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture specifically tailored for the classification of mango leaf diseases, along with a healthy class. Our proposed model comprises six layers optimized to capture intricate disease patterns, demonstrating superior performance compared with prevalent pre-trained models. The model is trained and evaluated on three publicly available datasets: MangoLeafBD (4000 images across 8 classes), MangoPest (16 pest classes including healthy leaves), and MLDID (3000 high-resolution images across 5 classes). Our model demonstrated exceptional classification performance, attaining 99.8% accuracy, 99.62% recall, 99.5% precision, and an F1-score of 99.56%. Further validation on the MangoPest dataset and the Mango Leaf Disease Identification Dataset (MLDID) resulted in accuracies of 96.31% and 96.33%, respectively, confirming the robustness and adaptability of MangoLeafXNet across different datasets. Additionally, we incorporate Explainable AI techniques, including GRAD-CAM, Saliency Map, and LIME to enhance the interpretability of our model. We deployed Gradio web interface to create an interactive interface that allows users to upload images of mango leaves and get real-time classification and validation results along with confidence scores. This contribution not only advances the state-of-the-art in mango leaf disease classification but also offers promising prospects for real-time disease diagnosis and precision agriculture

关键词： Fruits

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Analysis and Classification of Fake News Using Sequential Pattern Mining

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第3期7卷 942-963页

作者： M.Zohaib Nawaz M.Saqib Nawaz Philippe Fournier-Viger Yulin He College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060 Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy(SZ) Shenzhen 518107China Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyUnivesity of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan

Disinformation,often known as fake news,is a major issue that has received a lot of attention *** researchers have proposed effective means of detecting and addressing *** machine and deep learning based methodologies for classification/detection of fake news are content-based,network(propagation)based,or multimodal methods that combine both textual and visual *** introduce here a framework,called FNACSPM,based on sequential pattern mining(SPM),for fake news analysis and *** this framework,six publicly available datasets,containing a diverse range of fake and real news,and their combination,are first transformed into a proper ***,algorithms for SPM are applied to the transformed datasets to extract frequent patterns(and rules)of words,phrases,or linguistic *** obtained patterns capture distinctive characteristics associated with fake or real news content,providing valuable insights into the underlying structures and commonalities of ***,the discovered frequent patterns are used as features for fake news *** framework is evaluated with eight classifiers,and their performance is assessed with various *** experiments were performed and obtained results show that FNACSPM outperformed other state-of-the-art approaches for fake news classification,and that it expedites the classification task with high accuracy.

关键词： disinformation fake news sequential pattern mining(SPM) frequent patterns classification

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Improved Hybrid Deep Collaborative Filtering Approach for True Recommendations

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5301-5317页

作者： Muhammad Ibrahim Imran Sarwar Bajwa Nadeem Sarwar Haroon Abdul Waheed Muhammad Zulkifl Hasan Muhammad Zunnurain Hussain Department of Computer Science The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore CampusLahorePakistan Software Engineering Department Faculty of ITUniversity of Central PunjabLahorePakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Putra MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia

Recommendation services become an essential and hot research topic for researchers *** data such asReviews play an important role in the recommendation of the *** was achieved by deep learning approaches for capturing user and product information from a short ***,such previously used approaches do not fairly and efficiently incorporate users’preferences and product *** proposed novel Hybrid Deep Collaborative Filtering(HDCF)model combines deep learning capabilities and deep interaction modeling with high performance for True *** overcome the cold start problem,the new overall rating is generated by aggregating the Deep Multivariate Rating DMR(Votes,Likes,Stars,and Sentiment scores of reviews)from different external data sources because different sites have different rating scores about the same product that make confusion for the user to make a decision,either product is truly popular or *** proposed novel HDCF model consists of four major modules such as User Product Attention,Deep Collaborative Filtering,Neural Sentiment Classifier,and Deep Multivariate Rating(UPA-DCF+NSC+DMR)to solve the addressed *** results demonstrate that our novel model is outperforming state-of-the-art IMDb,Yelp2013,and Yelp2014 datasets for the true top-n recommendation of products using HDCF to increase the accuracy,confidence,and trust of recommendation services.

关键词： Neural sentiment classification user product attention deep collaborative filtering multivariate rating artificial intelligence

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Quick Hidden Layer Size Tuning in ELM for Classification Problems

Mendel

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Mendel 2024年第1期30卷 1-14页

作者： Albtoush, Audi Fernandez-Delgado, Manuel Maarouf, Haitham Al Nawaiseh, Asmaa Jameel Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Jerash University Jordan Santiago De Compostela University Spain Software Engineering Department Mut’ah university Jordan

The extreme learning machine is a fast neural network with outstanding performance. However, the selection of an appropriate number of hidden nodes is time-consuming, because training must be run for several values, and this is undesirable for a real-time response. We propose to use moving average, exponential moving average, and divide-and-conquer strategies to reduce the number of training’s required to select this size. Compared with the original, constrained, mixed, sum, and random sum extreme learning machines, the proposed methods achieve a percentage of time reduction up to 98% with equal or better generalization ability. © 2024, Brno University of Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge acquisition

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Survey and Tutorial on Hybrid Human-Artificial Intelligence

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2023年第3期28卷 486-499页

作者： Feifei Shi Fang Zhou Hong Liu Liming Chen Huansheng Ning School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Faculty of Computing Ulster UniversityNewtownabbey BT370QBUK

The growing computing power,easy acquisition of large-scale data,and constantly improved algorithms have led to a new wave of artificial intelligence(AI)applications,which change the ways we live,manufacture,and do *** with this development,a rising concern is the relationship between AI and human intelligence,namely,whether AI systems may one day overtake,manipulate,or replace *** this paper,we introduce a novel concept named hybrid human-artificial intelligence(H-AI),which fuses human abilities and AI capabilities into a unified *** presents a challenging yet promising research direction that prompts secure and trusted AI innovations while keeping humans in the loop for effective *** scientifically define the concept of H-AI and propose an evolution road map for the development of AI toward *** then examine the key underpinning techniques of H-AI,such as user profile modeling,cognitive computing,and human-in-the-loop machine ***,we discuss H-AI’s potential applications in the area of smart homes,intelligent medicine,smart transportation,and smart ***,we conduct a critical analysis of current challenges and open gaps in H-AI,upon which we elaborate on future research issues and directions.

关键词： hybrid human-artificial intelligence(H-AI) Internet of Things(IoT) artificial intelligence(AI)

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Fine-Tuning GPT-4o-Mini for Programming Questions Generation

Fine-Tuning GPT-4o-Mini for Programming Questions Generation

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2024 International Conference on computer and Applications, ICCA 2024

作者： Hesham, Alaa Hamdy, Abeer The British University in Egypt Faculty of Informatics and Computer Science Department of Software Engineering Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367560

Creating programming questions that are both meaningful and educationally relevant is a critical task in computer science education. This paper introduces a fine-tuned GPT4o-mini model (C2Q). It is designed to generate meaningful questions by leveraging semantic feature extraction and well- crafted prompts. The approach addresses the limitations of traditional generative models, offering a deeper understanding of programming code and producing questions that are precise, diverse, and relevant to a given code snippets. The proposed framework incorporates essential code elements, such as control structures and method attributes, to generate questions that align with programming concepts. Evaluation metrics used were BLEU, ROUGE-1, and ROUGE-L to evaluate the model's performance. The findings reveal that the model achieves better structural coherence and conceptual relevance while focusing on contextual understanding over exact term matching. This work highlights the potential of the proposed approach to advance teaching and assessment methods in computer science. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Program processors

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Spatiotemporal crowds features extraction of infrared images using neural network

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第4期15卷 2543-2556页

作者： Al-Oraiqat, Anas M. Drieiev, Oleksandr Drieieva, Hanna Meleshko, Yelyzaveta AlRawashdeh, Hazim Al-Oraiqat, Karim A. Hasan, Yassin M. Y. Maricar, Noor Khan, Sheroz Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Information Technology Onaizah Colleges Qassim Saudi Arabia Department of Cybersecurity and Software Central Ukrainian National Technical University Kropyvnytskyi Ukraine Department of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Information Technology Zarqa University Zarqa Jordan Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering and Information Technology Onaizah Colleges Qassim Saudi Arabia

Crowds can lead up to severe disasterous consequences resulting in fatalities. Videos obtained through public cameras or captured by drones flying overhead can be processed with artificial intelligence-based crowd analysis systems. Being a hot area of research over the past few years, the goal is not only to identify the presence of crowds but also to predict the probability of crowd-formation in order to issue timely warnings and preventive measures. Such systems will significantly reduce the probablity of the potential disasters. Developing effective systems is a challenging task, especially due to factors such as naturally occuring diverse conditions, variations in people or background pixel areas, noise, behaviors of individuals, relative amounts/distributions/directions of crowd movements, and crowd building reasons. This paper proposes an infrared video processing system based on U-Net convolutional neural network for crowd monitoring in infrared video frames to help estimate the people crowd with normal or abnormal trends. The proposed U-Net architecture aims to efficiently extract crowd features, achieve sufficient people marking-up accuracy, competitively with optimal network configurations in terms of the depth and number of filters to consequently minimise the number of coefficients. For further faster processing, hardware resources/implementation area savings, and lower power, the optimized network coefficients measured are represented in Canonic-Signed Digit with minimal number of nonzero (± 1) digits, minimizing the number of underlying shift-add/subtract operations of all multipliers. The achieved significantly reduced computational cost makes the proposed U-Net effectively suitable for resource-constrained and low power applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A privacy and compliance in regulated anonymous payment system based on blockchain

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第8期15卷 3141-3157页

作者： Elfadul, Issameldeen Wu, Lijun Elhabob, Rashad Elkhalil, Ahmed School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China School of Computer and Information Engineering Qilu Institute of Technology Shandong Jinan250200 China Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Karary University Khartoum Sudan

Decentralized Anonymous Payment Systems (DAP), often known as cryptocurrencies, stand out as some of the most innovative and successful applications on the blockchain. These systems have garnered significant attention in the financial industry due to their highly secure and reliable features. Regrettably, the DAP system can be exploited to fund illegal activities such as drug dealing and terrorism. Therefore, governments are increasingly worried about the illicit use of DAP systems, which poses a critical threat to their security. This paper proposes Privacy and Compliance in Regulated Anonymous Payment System Based on Blockchain (PCRAP), which provides government supervision and enforces regulations over transactions without sacrificing the essential idea of the blockchain, that is, without surrendering transaction privacy or anonymity of the participants. The key characteristic of the proposed scheme is using a ring signature and stealth address to ensure the anonymity of both the sender and receiver of the transaction. Moreover, a Merkle Tree is used to guarantee government supervision and enforce regulations. Our proposed scheme satisfies most of the stringent security requirements and complies with the standards of secure payment systems. Additionally, while our work supports government regulations and supervision, it guarantees unconditional anonymity for users. Furthermore, the performance analysis demonstrates that our suggested scheme still remains applicable and effective even when achieving complete anonymity. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Blockchain

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A Survey on the Role of Complex Networks in IoT and Brain Communication

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 2573-2595页

作者： Vijey Thayananthan Aiiad Albeshri Hassan A.Alamri Muhammad Bilal Qureshi Muhammad Shuaib Qureshi Cybersecurity Department Faculty of ComputingEngineering and ScienceUniversity of SouthWalesWalesUK Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology(FCIT)King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science&IT University of Lakki MarwatLakki Marwat28420KPKPakistan Department of Computer Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea

Complex networks on the Internet of Things(IoT)and brain communication are the main focus of this *** benefits of complex networks may be applicable in the future research directions of 6G,photonic,IoT,brain,etc.,communication *** data traffic,huge capacity,minimal level of dynamic latency,*** some of the future requirements in 5G+and 6G communication *** emerging communication,technologies such as 5G+/6G-based photonic sensor communication and complex networks play an important role in improving future requirements of IoT and brain *** this paper,the state of the complex system considered as a complex network(the connection between the brain cells,neurons,etc.)needs measurement for analyzing the functions of the neurons during brain ***,we measure the state of the complex system through *** 5G+/6G-based photonic sensor nodes,finding observability influenced by the concept of contraction provides the stability of *** IoT or any sensors fail to measure the state of the connectivity in the 5G+or 6G communication due to external noise and attacks,some information about the sensor nodes during the communication will be ***,neurons considered sing the complex networks concept neuron sensors in the brain lose communication and ***,affected sensor nodes in a contraction are equivalent to compensate for maintaining stability *** this compensation,loss of observability depends on the contraction size which is a key factor for employing a complex *** analyze the observability recovery,we can use a contraction detection algorithm with complex network *** survey paper shows that contraction size will allow us to improve the performance of brain communication,stability of neurons,etc.,through the clustering coefficient considered in the contraction detection *** addition,we discuss the scalability of IoT communication using 5G+/6G

关键词： Complex networks emerging communication IoT based on 6G systems neuroscience photonic technology

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Robust steganographic approach using generative adversarial network and compressive autoencoder

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-38页

作者： Qasaimeh, Malik Qtaish, Alaa Abu Aljawarneh, Shadi Department of Computer Information Systems Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan Department of Software Engineering co-joint with the Department of Cyber Security Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan

Nowadays, social media applications and websites have become a crucial part of people’s lives;for sharing their moments, contacting their families and friends, or even for their jobs. However, the fact that these valuable data are transferred via the Internet and open channels, which are vulnerable to attacks and espionage, requires using defense methods to improve the security of data transmission. Recently, the progress of Deep Learning (DL) inspired researchers to use it with security methods such as steganography, the art of hiding secret data in unrelated content. DL and steganography combined enhanced the hiding properties, especially in the Coverless Image Steganography (CIS) methods. In this paper, we propose a Compressive Coverless Image Steganography (CCIS) model, which is a generated-based CIS, to improve the capacity and robustness of Steganography. This model uses the compressive autoencoder to compress the message, thus increasing the capacity, and uses the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to generate a stego image from the compressed vector, thus enhancing concealment ability, besides using a regression model and optimization method to extract the data. Another version was designed to enable sending binary messages by replacing the compressive autoencoder network with a robust mapping rule. Experiments show that the proposed model could improve the characteristics of Steganography. Furthermore, the proposed model could extract binary messages with 256 bits from attacked stego images with 99% recovery accuracy. Thus, capacity and robustness were enhanced using our model with both images and text as secret messages. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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