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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Chong Li, Mengyao He, Junjun Wang, Zhongruo Darzi, Erfan Chen, Zan Ye, Jin Li, Tianbin Su, Yanzhou Ke, Jing Qu, Kaili Li, Shuxin Yu, Yi Liò, Pietro Wang, Tianyun Wang, Yu Guang Shen, Yiqing School of Medical Engineering Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Henan Province Xinxiang China Henan International Joint Laboratory of Neural Information Analysis and Drug Intelligent Design Xinxiang China Shanghai AI Laboratory Shanghai China Amazon Palo AltoCA United States Boston Children's Hospital MA United States Harvard Medical School Harvard University MA United States Toursun Synbio Shanghai China Department of Data Science & AI Faculty of IT Monash University Melbourne Australia School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom School of Basic Medical Sciences Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China Institute of Natural Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Mathematics and Statistics University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University MD United States

Recent breakthroughs in large language models (LLMs) offer unprecedented natural language understanding and generation capabilities. However, existing surveys on LLMs in biomedicine often focus on specific applications or model architectures, lacking a comprehensive analysis that integrates the latest advancements across various biomedical domains. This review, based on an analysis of 484 publications sourced from databases including PubMed, Web of science, and arXiv, provides an in-depth examination of the current landscape, applications, challenges, and prospects of LLMs in biomedicine, distinguishing itself by focusing on the practical implications of these models in real-world biomedical contexts. Firstly, we explore the capabilities of LLMs in zero-shot learning across a broad spectrum of biomedical tasks, including diagnostic assistance, drug discovery, and personalized medicine, among others, with insights drawn from 137 key studies. Then, we discuss adaptation strategies of LLMs, including fine-tuning methods for both uni-modal and multi-modal LLMs to enhance their performance in specialized biomedical contexts where zero-shot fails to achieve, such as medical question answering and efficient processing of biomedical literature. Finally, we discuss the challenges that LLMs face in the biomedicine domain including data privacy concerns, limited model interpretability, issues with dataset quality, and ethics due to the sensitive nature of biomedical data, the need for highly reliable model outputs, and the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare. To address these challenges, we also identify future research directions of LLM in biomedicine including federated learning methods to preserve data privacy and integrating explainable AI methodologies to enhance the transparency of LLMs. As this field of LLM rapidly evolves, continued research and development are essential to fully harness the capabilities of LLMs in biomedicine while ensuring their respon

关键词： Federated learning

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Supporting open research data practice through data curation and discovery: A global perspective

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Proceedings of the Association for Information science and Technology 2020年第1期57卷

作者： Liu, Ying-Hsang Chen, Hsin-Liang Kato, Makoto P. Wu, Mingfang Huvila, Isto Department of Design and Communication University of Southern Denmark Kolding Denmark Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO United States University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Faculty of Library Information and Media Science Australian Research Data Commons Caulfield EastVIC Australia Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden

This panel will address the issues associated with the practice and service of open research data curation and discovery from a global perspective. The sub-fields of information science such as information retrieval, information curation, information practices and human-centered data science have approached the open research data initiatives from multiple lenses. The issues of data creation, capturing, curation, sharing, discovery and reuse of cut across the sub-fields. We will identify and discuss the emerging themes in open data curation and discovery drawing on active research projects, repository practices and research data capturing and reuse in a selection of disciplines from health domain to archaeology and cultural heritage. 83rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Information science & Technology October 25-29, 2020. Author(s) retain copyright, but ASIS&T receives an exclusive publication license.

关键词： Open data

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On values of the higher derivatives of the Barnes zeta function at non-positive integers

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Sakane, Shinpei Aoki, Miho Department of Information Systems Design and Data Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane690-8504 Japan Department of Mathematics Interdisciplinary Faculty of Science and Engineering Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane690-8504 Japan

Let x be a complex number which has a positive real part, and w1, . . ., wN be positive rational numbers. We show that wsζN (s, x | w1, . . ., wN) can be expressed as a finite linear combination of the Hurwitz zeta functions over Q(x), where ζN (s, x | w1, . . ., wN) is the Barnes zeta function and w is a positive rational number explicitly determined by w1, . . ., wN . Furthermore, we give generalizations of Kummer’s formula on the gamma function and Koyama-Kurokawa’s formulae on the multiple gamma functions, and an explicit formula for the values at non-positive integers for higher order derivatives of the Barnes zeta function in the case that x is a positive rational number, involving the generalized Stieltjes constants and the values at positive integers of the Riemann zeta function. Our formulae also makes it possible to calculate an approximation in the case that w1, . . ., wN and x are positive real *** Codes 11M41, 11M06, 11M35, 33B15 Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rational functions

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Impact of Introducing Infliximab Biosimilars on Total Infliximab Consumption and Originator Infliximab Prices in Eight Regions: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis

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BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy 2023年第3期37卷 409-420页

作者： Kuan Peng Joseph E Blais Nicole L Pratt Jeff Jianfei Guo Jodie B Hillen Tyman Stanford Michael Ward Edward Chia-Cheng Lai Ju-Young Shin Xinning Tong Min Fan Franco W T Cheng Jing Wu Winnie W Y Yeung Chak-Sing Lau Wai Keung Leung Ian C K Wong Xue Li Department of Medicine School of Clinical Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China. Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong SAR China. School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China. Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide SA Australia. James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA. Pharmacy Education Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide SA Australia. School of Pharmacy Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan. Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University Seoul South Korea. Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul South Korea. School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China. Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Queen Mary Hospital Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong SAR China. Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong SAR China. wongick@hku.hk. Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H) Hong Kong Science Park Pak Shek Kok Hong Kong SAR China. wongick@hku.hk. Aston Pharmacy School Aston University Birmingham UK. wongick@hku.hk. Department of Medicine School of Clinical Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China. sxueli@hku.hk. Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine

OBJECTIVE:We aimed to assess whether the introduction of the first infliximab biosimilar was associated with changes in overall infliximab consumption (originator and biosimilars) and price changes to the originator infliximab. METHODS:An interrupted time series analysis using infliximab sales data from 2010 to 2020 from the IQVIA Multinational Integrated data Analysis System for eight selected regions: Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Korea, India, Japan, the UK, and the USA. Quarterly measures of infliximab consumption and list prices were respectively defined as the number of standard units (SU)/1000 inhabitants and as 2020 USA dollars (USD)/SU. RESULTS:Following the introduction of infliximab biosimilars, overall infliximab consumption increased in Australia [immediate change: 0.145 SU/1000 inhabitants (P = 0.014); long-term change: 0.022 SU/1000 inhabitants per quarter (P < 0.001)], Canada [immediate change 0.415 (P = 0.008)], the UK [long-term change 0.024 (P < 0.001)], and Hong Kong [immediate change: 0.042 (P < 0.001)]. The list price of originator infliximab also decreased following biosimilar introduction in Australia [immediate change: - 187.84 USD/SU (P < 0.001); long-term change - 6.46 USD/SU per quarter (P = 0.043)], Canada [immediate change: - 145.58 (P < 0.001)], the UK [immediate change: - 34.95 (P = 0.010); long-term change: - 4.77 (P < 0.001)], and Hong Kong [long-term change: - 4.065 (P = 0.046)]. Consumption and price changes were inconsistent in India, Japan, Korea, and the USA. CONCLUSIONS:Introduction of the first infliximab biosimilar was not consistently associated with increased consumption across regions. Additional policy and healthcare system interventions to support biosimilar infliximab adoption are needed.

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An AO-ADMM approach to constraining PARAFAC2 on all modes

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Roald, Marie Schenker, Carla Calhoun, Vince D. Adalı, Tülay Bro, Rasmus Cohen, Jeremy E. Acar, Evrim Department of Data Science and Knowledge Discovery Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering Oslo Norway Faculty of Technology Art and Design Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo Norway Department of Psychology Georgia State University AtlantaGA United States Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering UMBC BaltimoreMD United States Department of Food Science University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Univ Lyon INSA-Lyon UCBL UJM-Saint Etienne CNRS Inserm CREATIS UMR 5220 U1206 VilleurbanneF-69100 France

Analyzing multi-way measurements with variations across one mode of the dataset is a challenge in various fields including data mining, neuroscience and chemometrics. For example, measurements may evolve over time or have unaligned time profiles. The PARAFAC2 model has been successfully used to analyze such data by allowing the underlying factor matrices in one mode (i.e., the evolving mode) to change across slices. The traditional approach to fit a PARAFAC2 model is to use an alternating least squares-based algorithm, which handles the constant cross-product constraint of the PARAFAC2 model by implicitly estimating the evolving factor matrices. This approach makes imposing regularization on these factor matrices challenging. There is currently no algorithm to flexibly impose such regularization with general penalty functions and hard constraints. In order to address this challenge and to avoid the implicit estimation, in this paper, we propose an algorithm for fitting PARAFAC2 based on alternating optimization with the alternating direction method of multipliers (AO-ADMM). With numerical experiments on simulated data, we show that the proposed PARAFAC2 AO-ADMM approach allows for flexible constraints, recovers the underlying patterns accurately, and is computationally efficient compared to the state-of-the-art. We also apply our model to two real-world datasets from neuroscience and chemometrics, and show that constraining the evolving mode improves the interpretability of the extracted *** Codes 15A69, 90C26 © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Matrix algebra

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The effect of external heat flux and atomic defects on the nano-pumping process of C 20 molecule inside carbon nanotube using molecular dynamics method

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Thermal science and Engineering Progress 2025年 64卷

作者： Sahar Boroomand KeKe Tao Kawa Hussein Qader Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh Muntadher Abed Hussein Mohammed Al-Bahrani Soheil Salahshour Rozbeh Sabetvand Department of Product Design School of Art and Design Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade Fuzhou China Department of Civil engineering College of Engineering Salahaddin University-Erbil Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology INTI International University Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai Nilai 71800 Malaysia Al Manara College for Medical Sciences Maysan Iraq Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries Department Al-Mustaqbal University Babylon 51001 Iraq Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Istanbul Okan University Istanbul Turkey Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey Research Center of Applied Mathematics Khazar University Baku Azerbaijan Fast Computing Center Shabihsazan Ati Pars Tehran Iran

Innovative designs and models are essential for contemporary drug delivery systems to minimize adverse effects, maximize therapeutic efficacy, and enhance patient satisfaction. The use of cost-effective and biodegradable carbon structures has garnered significant interest in developing pharmaceutical carriers. This study utilized the molecular dynamics method to examine the nano-pumping efficacy of C20 molecules within a carbon nanotube (CNT) at various heat fluxes and atomic defects. Increasing the external heat flux enhanced the nano-pumping process, which was completed in the ideal nanotube after 7.15 ps. The atomic behavior of the fullerene sample improved with the application of thermal sources within the MD box, generating effective force. To investigate the impact of atomic defects on the nano-pumping process, ideal nanotubes were modified with defects in proportions of 1 %, 2 %, and 3 %. The computational outputs predicted that the nano-pumping process in the modeled system was optimized at a 1 % atomic defect ratio. When a 3 % atomic defect was introduced into the CNT sample, the nano-pumping process was completed in 9.64 picoseconds. The findings of this research using CNT-based systems are anticipated to pave the way for extraordinary developments in medicine and drug delivery.

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Retraction Note: Advanced artificial intelligence in heart rate and blood pressure monitoring for stress management

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第1期15卷 255-255页

作者： Lin, Qiang Li, Tongtong Shakeel, P. Mohamed Samuel, R. Dinesh Jackson School of Mathematics and Computer Science Northwest Minzu University LanzhouGansu China Key Laboratory of Streaming Data Computing Technologies and Application Northwest Minzu University LanzhouGansu China Key Laboratory of China’s Ethnic Languages and Information Technology of Ministry of Education Northwest Minzu University LanzhouGansu China Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Durian Tunggal Malaysia Faculty of Technology Design and Environment Visual Artificial Intelligence Lab Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK

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Characterizing environmental pollution with civil complaints and social media data: A case of the Greater Taipei Area

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Journal of Environmental Management 2023年 348卷 119310页

作者： Guo, Mengdi Lin, Yu Shyu, Rong-Juin Huang, Jianxiang School of Architecture Tianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road Nankai District Tianjin China School of Data Science City University of Hong Kong 16-201 16/F Lau Ming Wai Academic Building 83 Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong SAR China Department of System Engineering and Naval Architecture National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Department of Urban Planning and Design Faculty of Architecture the University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Rd Hong Kong SAR China The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation 5/F Key Laboratory Platform Building Shenzhen Virtual University Park No.6 Yuexing 2nd Rd Nanshan Shenzhen China Urban Systems Institute The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China China

Environmental pollution is a major cause of nuisance and ill health among urban residents. Complaints are traditionally self-reported through phone-based systems. Social media provide novel channels to detect pollution-related incidents;however, their reliability has not been sufficiently evaluated. This study aimed to compare pollution incidents expressed on Twitter with those extracted from phone-based systems and to identify the built environment and socioeconomic attributes that can predict the likelihood of pollution incidents. A total of 639,746 tweets were retrieved from the Greater Taipei Area in 2017 and 110,716 self-reported pollution incidents were extracted from the Public Nuisance Petition system during the same period. The results suggest that complaints collected from phone-based systems and Twitter were found to have correlated with each other spatially, albeit they differ in temporal profiles and by the proportion of pollution categories. Catering businesses and the entertainment activities they attract appear to be the main sources of pollution complaints and can be precisely captured by geotagged tweets. This can serve as a strong predictor for pollution incidents, more than traditional indicators such as population density or industrial activities, as suggested by earlier studies. Social media analytics, with their ability to monitor and analyze online discussions in a timely manner, can be a valuable supplement to existing phone-based pollution monitoring procedures. The methodologies developed in this study have the potential to support the proactive management of urban environmental pollution, in which resources can be prioritized in key areas to further enhance the quality of urban services. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Machine learning

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A Cyber-Physical Learning Environment design for Study Trajectory Creation 21

A Cyber-Physical Learning Environment Design for Study Traje...

引用

21st International Electronics Symposium, IES 2019

作者： Hayashi, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Ryota Hasegawa, Osamu Kitano, Yuichi Kiyoki, Yasushi Musashino University Faculty of Data Science 3-3-3 Ariake Koto-ku Tokyo Japan Fuji Television Network Inc. Department of General Business Digital Design 2-4-8 Daiba Minato-ku Tokyo Japan Keio University Faculty of Environmental Information 5322 Endo Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728144498

Until the 20th century, education is focused on increasing productivity in labor and economy. Education in the 21st century is required to educate people on how to create a sustainable society and systems and rules for it from the viewpoint of natural and social environmental issues. Technology progress has brought learning and creation more effective. E-learning and video teaching materials have made learning easier. These could be enabled knowledge retrieval in various fields, easier interactive and cooperative classes, and learning analysis. In the future, if the creativity and experience of people are promoted by the IoT technology, it will be possible to drive people's creation by a global society. New "creation" requires new "experience" and "learning". Creativity and learning are two elements of human experience, which is a dynamic relationship between learning and creativity. Learning and creation brings us a lot of awareness with the changes of space, location and time. In order to realize study trajectory creation for effective and efficiency learning and experience, our research group focuses on learning environment design based on "human creativity" and "experience" from the integrated area of education, mobility and entertainment. Study Trajectory Creation enriches one's learning with reference to one's and others' past learning. Learning in the future is done for knowledge creation while dynamically connecting the elements of time, place, experience, sensibility, meaning, expressed as "when", "where", "who", "what", "how". For this reason, we have been designing a data-driven and creative learning environment using cyber-physical technology. In this paper, we'll report the current status of our work named MUSCLE project. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Trajectories

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Mapping the impact of papers on various status groups: A new excellence mapping tool based on citation and reader scores

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Bornmann, Lutz Mutz, Rüdiger Haunschild, Robin de Moya-Anegon, Felix de Almeida Madeira Clemente, Mirko Stefaner, Moritz Administrative Headquarters of the Max Planck Society Science Policy and Strategy Department Hofgartenstr. 8 Munich80539 Germany Center for Higher Education and Science Studies CHESSUniversity of Zurich Andreasstrasse 15 Zurich8050 Switzerland Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstraße 1 Stuttgart70569 Germany CSIC CCHS IPP SCImago Group Communication and Information Science Faculty University of Granada Granada Spain Data Visualization & Interface Design Fritz-Reuter-Straße 8 Dresden01097 Germany Truth & Beauty Eickedorfer Damm 35 Lilienthal28865 Germany

In over five years, Bornmann, Stefaner, de Moya Anegon, and Mutz (2014) and Bornmann, Stefaner, de Moya Anegón, and Mutz (2014, 2015) have published several releases of the *** tool revealing (clusters of) excellent institutions worldwide based on citation data. With the new release, a completely revised tool has been published. It is not only based on citation data (bibliometrics), but also Mendeley data (altmetrics). Thus, the institutional impact measurement of the tool has been expanded by focusing on additional status groups besides researchers such as students and librarians. Furthermore, the visualization of the data has been completely updated by improving the operability for the user and including new features such as institutional profile pages. In this paper, we describe the datasets for the current *** tool and the indicators applied. Furthermore, the underlying statistics for the tool and the use of the web application are explained. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Mapping

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