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arXiv 2020年

作者： Roβ, Tobias Reinke, Annika Full, Peter M. Wagner, Martin Kenngott, Hannes Apitz, Martin Hempe, Hellena Filimon, Diana Mindroc Scholz, Patrick Tran, Thuy Nuong Bruno, Pierangela Arbelaéz, Pablo Bian, Gui-Bin Bodenstedt, Sebastian Bolmgren, Jon Lindström Bravo-Sánchez, Laura Chen, Hua-Bin González, Cristina Guo, Dong Halvorsen, Pål Heng, Pheng-Ann Hosgor, Enes Hou, Zeng-Guang Isensee, Fabian Jha, Debesh Jiang, Tingting Kirtac, Kadir Jin, Yueming Kletz, Sabrina Leger, Stefan Li, Zhixuan Maier-Hein, Klaus H. Ni, Zhen-Liang Riegler, Michael A. Schoeffmann, Klaus Shi, Ruohua Speidel, Stefanie Stenze, Michael Twick, Isabell Wang, Gutai Wang, Jiacheng Wang, Liansheng Wang, Lu Zhang, Yujie Zhou, Yan-Jie Zhu, Lei Wiesenfarth, Manuel Kopp-Schneider, Annette Müller-Stich, Beat P. Maier-Hein, Lena Heidelberg Germany University of Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Germany Department of General Heidelberg University Hospital Visceral and Transplant Surgery Heidelberg Germany caresyntax Berlin Germany University of Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China SimulaMet Oslo Norway Tromsø Norway Oslo Norway School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Partner Site Dresden Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany Dresden Germany Universidad de Los Andes Bogotá Colombia Peking University Peking China Department of Computer Science School of Informatics Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong German Cancer Research Center Division of Biostatistics Heidelberg Germany Institute of Information Technology Klagenfurt University Austria

Intraoperative tracking of laparoscopic instruments is often a prerequisite for computer and roboticassisted interventions. While numerous methods for detecting, segmenting and tracking of medical instruments based on endoscopic video images have been proposed in the literature, key limitations remain to be addressed: Firstly, robustness, that is, the reliable performance of state-of-the-art methods when run on challenging images (e.g. in the presence of blood, smoke or motion artifacts). Secondly, generalization;algorithms trained for a specific intervention in a specific hospital should generalize to other interventions or institutions. In an effort to promote solutions for these limitations, we organized the Robust Medical Instrument Segmentation (ROBUST-MIS) challenge as an international benchmarking competition with a specific focus on the robustness and generalization capabilities of algorithms. For the first time in the field of endoscopic image processing, our challenge included a task on binary segmentation and also addressed multi-instance detection and segmentation. The challenge was based on a surgical data set comprising 10,040 annotated images acquired from a total of 30 surgical procedures from three different types of surgery. The validation of the competing methods for the three tasks (binary segmentation, multi-instance detection and multi-instance segmentation) was performed in three different stages with an increasing domain gap between the training and the test data. The results confirm the initial hypothesis, namely that algorithm performance degrades with an increasing domain gap. While the average detection and segmentation quality of the best-performing algorithms is high, future research should concentrate on detection and segmentation of small, crossing, moving and transparent instrument(s) (parts). Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Chaotic behavior of new nonlinear electromagnetic microgenerator harvesting energy from mechanical vibrations

Chaotic behavior of new nonlinear electromagnetic microgener...

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International Symposium on electrical Machines (SME)

作者： Mariusz Jagieła Marcin Kulik Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control & Computer Science Opole University of Technology Opole Poland

A low-frequency nonlinear cantilever-beam-type electromagnetic vibration energy harvester is analyzed. The nonlinearity brought into system kinematics by the “magnets-on-magnets” action provides approximately 20 Hz frequency bandwidth. A simulation study based on solution of coupled dynamic equations of motion and equation of electric balance shows that within major part of the bandwidth the system is capable to produces the voltage with magnitude proportional to magnitude and frequency of the excitation force. At very low frequency and large external forces it falls, however into region where it exhibits chaotic behavior. In this paper the impact of the phenomenon on waveform of the generated voltage is analyzed using the Poincare maps and spectrograms. The results prove a detrimental impact of the phenomenon on overall performance of the system. In order to avoid the chaotic operation the impact of the hard-stop barriers of relative displacement is analyzed showing rise of generated power and reduction of a low-frequency limit of the bandwidth.

关键词： Magnetic flux Force Magnetic resonance Magnetic hysteresis Magnetic cores Coils Magnetic circuits

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Implementation of mobile sensor communication system on multicell networks

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第3期1402卷

作者： M R Effendi I Firdaus A F Rifai E A Z Hamidi N Ismail A Munir Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Indonesia Department of Instrumentation Control and Power Engineering Bandung State Polytechnic of Manufacture Bandung Indonesia Radio Telecomm. and Microwave Lab. School of Electrical Engg. and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

A monitoring technology for large area with low-cost and high efficiency is highly demanded. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the solution for a monitoring technology. However, not all monitoring must be continuous, there are some monitoring that can be carried out periodically. Therefore, it is possible to invent a mobile sensor communication system on multicell networks. This research aims to implement a WSN system by collecting data from mobile sensors on multicell networks. The focus of research is on the design of mobile sensor communication with low-cost device as transceivers, namely NodeMCU. The design is implemented using 4 NodeMCU units, 3 of them are functioned as access points, while 1 unit is employed as a client connected to the sensor. The experimentation was conducted by varying transmission distances of sensors with and without barriers. Moreover, handover and blankspot areas are also included accordingly. The result of experimentation shows that the usage of low-cost devices has still a possibility to build monitoring mechanism on multicell networks even though the transmission power was significantly influenced by the availability of barriers.

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Black Box Modelling and Simulating the Dynamic Indoor Relative Humidity of a Laboratory Using Autoregressive–moving-average (ARMA) Model

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期884卷

作者： S F M Hussein M K Mohd Fitri Alif A O Al Rabeei A Faruq S M Zulkapli M S Noorazizi S A Zaki S S Abdullah Biologically Inspired System and Technology (Bio-iST) iKohza Department of Electronic Systems Engineering (ESE) Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra (Jalan Semarak) 54100 Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA. Department of Control and Mechatronics Engineering (CMED) School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM) Johor Bahru 81310 Johor DarulTakzim MALAYSIA. Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Jl. Raya Tlogomas 246 65144 Malang INDONESIA. Engineering Department Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra (Jalan Semarak) 54100 Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA. Wind Engineering for (Urban Artificial Man-made) Environment Laboratory Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering (MPE) Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra (Jalan Semarak) 54100 Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA.

Modelling and simulation of the dynamic indoor relative humidity behaviour of a building is essential to test any proposed thermal comfort controller and strategy in the building. Like other plants, the dynamic indoor relative humidity behaviour of a building can be developed based on the white box model, black box model, and grey box model. This research focuses on the usage of autoregressive–moving-average (ARMA) model, a type of black box model to represent the dynamic indoor relative humidity behaviour of Industrial Instrumentation Laboratory at Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur and uses the real recorded data from the laboratory and minimal knowledge regarding the physical characteristics of the humidity behaviour in the laboratory. The performance of the ARMA model developed in this research is compared with the real recorded data from the laboratory. Result obtained shows that the ARMA model is enough for modelling and simulating the dynamic indoor relative humidity behaviour of the laboratory

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Enhanced symbolic regression through local variable transformations 9

Enhanced symbolic regression through local variable transfor...

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9th International Joint Conference on Computational Intelligence, IJCCI 2017

作者： Kubalík, Jiří Derner, Erik Babuška, Robert Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University in Prague Prague Czech Republic Department of Control Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Prague Czech Republic Cognitive Robotics Faculty of 3mE Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9789897582745

Genetic programming (GP) is a technique widely used in a range of symbolic regression problems, in particular when there is no prior knowledge about the symbolic function sought. In this paper, we present a GP extension introducing a new concept of local transformed variables, based on a locally applied affine transformation of the original variables. This approach facilitates finding accurate parsimonious models. We have evaluated the proposed extension in the context of the Single Node Genetic Programming (SNGP) algorithm on synthetic as well as real-problem datasets. The results confirm our hypothesis that the transformed variables significantly improve the performance of the standard SNGP algorithm. © 2017 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Genetic programming

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Roster evaluation based on classifiers for the nurse rostering problem

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Václavík, Roman Šůcha, Přemysl Hanzálek, Zdeněk Department of Control Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Karlovo náměstí 13 Prague 2121 35 Czech Republic Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University in Prague Zikova street 1903/4 Prague 6166 36 Czech Republic

The personnel scheduling problem is a well-known NP-hard combinatorial problem. Due to the complexity of this problem and the size of the real-world instances, it is not possible to use exact methods, and thus heuristics, meta-heuristics, or hyper-heuristics must be employed. The majority of heuristic approaches are based on iterative search, where the quality of intermediate solutions must be calculated. Unfortunately, this is computationally highly expensive because these problems have many constraints and some are very complex. In this study, we propose a machine learning technique as a tool to accelerate the evaluation phase in heuristic approaches. The solution is based on a simple classifier, which is able to determine whether the changed solution (more precisely, the changed part of the solution) is better than the original or not. This decision is made much faster than a standard cost-oriented evaluation process. However, the classification process cannot guarantee 100% correctness. Therefore, our approach, which is illustrated using a tabu search algorithm in this study, includes a filtering mechanism, where the classifier rejects the majority of the potentially bad solutions and the remaining solutions are then evaluated in a standard manner. We also show how the boosting algorithms can improve the quality of the final solution compared with a simple classifier. We verified our proposed approach and premises, based on standard and real-world benchmark instances, to demonstrate the significant speedup obtained with comparable solution quality. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heuristic methods

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Identification of primary shape descriptors on 3D scanned particles

Periodica polytechnica Electrical engineering and computer s...

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Periodica polytechnica electrical engineering and computer science 2018年第2期62卷 59-64页

作者： Ludmány, Balázs Domokos, Gábor Department of Control Engineering and Information Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics P.O.B. 91 BudapestH-1521 Hungary MTA-BME Morphodynamics Research Group P.O.B. 91 BudapestH-1521 Hungary Department of Mechanics Materials and Structures Faculty of Architecture Budapest University of Technology and Economics P.O.B. 91 BudapestH-1521 Hungary

The number of global mechanical equilibria as a shape descriptor (among others, for sedimentary particles) is at the forefront of current geophysical research. Although the technology is already available to provide scanned, 3D images of the particles (appearing as fine spatial discretization of smooth surfaces), nevertheless, the automated identification and measurement of global equilibria on such 3D images has not been solved so far. The main difficulty lies in the algorithmic distinction between local equilibria (associated with the small un-evenness of the pebble's surface) and global equilibria, associated with the overall shape. The former are easily measured, however, only the latter provide meaningful physical information. Here we provide and illustrate an algorithm to detect global equilibrium points on a finely discretized, polyhedral surface provided by 3D scan of sedimentary particles. © Budapest University of Technology and Economics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sedimentology

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Energy optimization of robotic cells

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bukata, Libor Šůcha, Přemysl Hanzálek, Zdeněk Burget, Pavel Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University in Prague Zikova 1903/4 Prague 6166 36 Czech Republic Faculty of Electrical Engineering Department of Control Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Karlovo náměstí 13 Prague 212135 Czech Republic

This study focuses on the energy optimization of industrial robotic cells, which is essential for sustainable production in the long term. A holistic approach that considers a robotic cell as a whole toward minimizing energy consumption is proposed. The mathematical model, which takes into account various robot speeds, positions, power-saving modes, and alternative orders of operations, can be transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming formulation that is, however, suitable only for small instances. To optimize complex robotic cells, a hybrid heuristic accelerated by using multi-core processors and the Gurobi simplex method for piecewise linear convex functions is implemented. The experimental results showed that the heuristic solved 93 % of instances with a solution quality close to a proven lower bound. Moreover, compared with the existing works, which typically address problems with 3 to 4 robots, this study solved real-size problem instances with up to 12 robots and considered more optimization aspects. The proposed algorithms were also applied on an existing robotic cell in Škoda Auto. The outcomes, based on simulations and measurements, indicate that, compared with the previous state (at maximal robot speeds and without deeper power-saving modes), the energy consumption can be reduced by about 20 % merely by optimizing the robot speeds and applying power-saving modes. All the software and generated data sets used in this research are publicly available.90C10, 90C25 Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Industry 4.0

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On a feedback control-based mechanism of bidding for cloud spot service

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Li, Zheng Kihl, Maria Robertsson, Anders Department of Electrical and Information Technology Faculty of Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden Department of Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden

As a cost-effective option for Cloud consumers, spot service has been considered to be a significant supplement for building a full-fledged market economy for the Cloud ecosystem. However, unlike the static and straightforward way of trading on-demand and reserved Cloud services, the market-driven regulations of employing spot service could be too complicated for Cloud consumers to comprehensively understand. In particular, it would be both difficult and tedious for potential consumers to determine suitable bids from time to time. To reduce the complexity in applying spot resources, we propose to use a feedback control to help make bidding decisions. Based on an arccotangent-function-type system model, our novel bidding mechanism imitates fuzzy and intuitive human activities to refine and issue new bids according to previous errors. The validation is conducted by using Amazon's historical spot price trace to perform a set of simulations and comparisons. The result shows that the feedback control-based mechanism obtains a better trade-off between bidding rationality and success rate than the other five comparable strategies. Although this mechanism is only for black-box bidding (price prediction) at this current stage, it can be conveniently and gradually upgraded to take into account external constraints in the future. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feedback control

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Using a predator-prey model to explain variations of cloud spot price

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2017年

作者： Li, Zheng Tärneberg, William Kihl, Maria Robertsson, Anders Department of Electrical and Information Technology Faculty of Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden Department of Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden

The spot pricing scheme has been considered to be resource-efficient for providers and cost-effective for consumers in the Cloud market. Nevertheless, unlike the static and straightforward strategies of trading on-demand and reserved Cloud services, the market-driven mechanism for trading spot service would be complicated for both implementation and understanding. The largely invisible market activities and their complex interactions could especially make Cloud consumers hesitate to enter the spot market. To reduce the complexity in understanding the Cloud spot market, we decided to reveal the backend information behind spot price variations. Inspired by the methodology of reverse engineering, we developed a Predator-Prey model that can simulate the interactions between demand and resource based on the visible spot price traces. The simulation results have shown some basic regular patterns of market activities with respect to Amazon's spot instance type ***. Although the findings of this study need further validation by using practical data, our work essentially suggests a promising approach (i.e. using a Predator-Prey model) to investigate spot market activities. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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