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Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet Planetary Health 2022年第7期6卷 e586-e600页

作者： Burkart, Katrin Causey, Kate Cohen, Aaron J Wozniak, Sarah S Salvi, Devashri Digvijay Abbafati, Cristiana Adekanmbi, Victor Adsuar, Jose C Ahmadi, Keivan Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alipour, Vahid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amegah, Adeladza Kofi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Ansari, Fereshteh Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Aripov, Timur Babaee, Ebrahim Banach, MacIej Barnett, Anthony Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Bedi, Neeraj Behzadifar, Masoud Béjot, Yannick Bennett, Derrick A Bensenor, Isabela M Bernstein, Robert S Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Biondi, Antonio Bohlouli, Somayeh Breitner, Susanne Brenner, Hermann Butt, Zahid A Cámera, Luis Alberto Cantu-Brito, Carlos Carvalho, Felix Cerin, Ester Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chauhan, Bal Govind Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine Chu, Dinh-Toi Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daryani, Ahmad Davletov, Kairat De Courten, Barbora Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dhimal, Meghnath Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Duncan, Bruce B El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Eskandarieh, Sharareh Fareed, Mohammad Farzadfar, Farshad Fattahi, Nazir Fazlzadeh, Mehdi Fernandes, Eduarda Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A Freitas, Marisa Ghashghaee, Ahmad Gill, Paramjit Singh Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed Gopalani, Sameer Vali Guo, Yuming Gupta, Rajat Das Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Hamadeh, Randah R Hamidi, Samer Hankey, Graeme J Hasanpoor, Edris Hassen, Hamid Yimam Hay, Simon I Heibati, Behzad Hole, Michael K Hossain, Naznin Househ, Mowafa Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Jaafari, Jalil Jakovljevic, Mihajlo Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy Kasaeian, Amir Kaydi, Neda Khader, Yousef Saleh Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khatab, Khaled Khater, Amir M Kim, Yun Jin Kimokoti, Ruth W Kisa, Adnan Kivimäki, Mika Knibbs, Luke D Kosen, Soewarta Koul, Parvaiz A Koyanagi, Ai Defo, Barthelemy Kuate Kugbey, Nuworza Lauriola, Paolo Lee, Paul H Leili, Mostafa Lewycka, Sonia Li, Shanshan Lim, Lee-Ling Li Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA United States Research Insights and Innovation Seattle WA United States Health Effects Institute Boston MA United States School of Public Health Boston University Boston MA United States Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Population Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom Sport Science Department University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain School of Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) St Louis MO United States Health Management and Economics Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Community and Family Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast) Barranquilla Colombia Research Group in Health Economics University of Cartagena Cartagena Colombia Department of Biomedical Science University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Cardiology Department Ca

Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution. Methods: We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure–response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regression—Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. The estimated curve was linked to ambient and household PM_2·5 exposures from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019, and estimates of the attributable burden (population attributable fractions and rates per 100 000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years) for 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were calculated. We also assessed the role of changes in exposure, population size, age, and type 2 diabetes incidence in the observed trend in PM_2·5-attributable type 2 diabetes burden. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes was attributable to PM_2·5 exposure, with an estimated 3·78 (95% uncertainty interval 2·68–4·83) deaths per 100 000 population and 167 (117–223) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. Approximately 13·4% (9·49–17·5) of deaths and 13·6% (9·73–17·9) of DALYs due to type 2 diabetes were contributed by ambient PM2·5, and 6·50% (4·22–9·53) of deaths and 5·92% (3·81–8·64) of DALYs by household air pollution. High burdens, in terms of numbers as well as rates, were estimated in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South Am

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Game controller Based On Biomedical Signals

Game Controller Based On Biomedical Signals

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International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics

作者： Aleksandra Kawala-Janik Michal Podpora Arkadiusz Gardecki Wojciech Czuczwara Jerzy Baranowski Waldemar Bauer Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics Opole University of Technology ul. Proszkowska 76 bud. 1 45-756 Opole Poland AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatics Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering al. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479987023

Modern, based on biomedical signals interfaces have become recently very complex, however the complexity does not always lead to increased functionality or usability. In particular, when it comes to handicapped users, the currently available solutions are far from satisfactory. In this paper an innovative approach for biomedical signals based interfaced with the implementation of an inexpensive gaming headset Emotiv EPOC was presented. The main goal was to design, and develop an intuitive and user-friendly interface based on implementation of various biomedical signals such as EEG or EMG. The project was primarily intended for handicapped users as a replacement for traditional interfaces such as keyboard or mouse, however its potential use was extended. The proposed system differs from the already existing interfaces mainly because of its versatility to work with various biomedical signals, thus enabling a single interface to be controlled with different devices. Initial investigation has proven that Emotiv EPOC headset could be applied as an inexpensive, easily available on the open market tool for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) systems for the gaming purpose.

关键词： Information Interfaces Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) User Interfaces electroencephalography (EEG) Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) non-integer filter games control gaming

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Filtering and gradient estimation for distance fields by quadratic regression

Periodica polytechnica Electrical engineering and computer s...

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Periodica polytechnica electrical engineering and computer science 2015年第4期59卷 175-180页

作者： Szirmay-Kalos, László Department of Control Engineering and Information Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics P.O.B. 91 BudapestH-1521 Hungary

Distance fields show up in many problems of 3D vision and rendering, for example, a volumetric fusion of depth images results in such a field. Distance fields obtained from measured values are inherently noisy, so its filtering is needed before isoparametric surfaces are extracted from them, and robust normal vector estimation also requires a local smoothing since differentiation is especially sensitive to noise. In this paper, we use regression to find a quadratic function that approximates the zero level surface of the distance field, and apply this both for filtering and normal vector estimation. We also present a computationally efficient method that exploits the regular structure of samples, the symmetry and separability of the weighting functions, and thus avoids the solution of larger linear equations, which otherwise would become necessary when regression is generally attacked. The algorithm is a part of a real-time volumetric fusion application running on the Graphics Processing Units (GPU).

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Fuzzy control of an anaerobic digestion process

Fuzzy control of an anaerobic digestion process

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International Conference on System Theory, control, and Computing (ICSTCC)

作者： Radu-Emil Precup Claudia-Adina Bojan-Dragos Marian Barbu Sergiu Caraman Department of Automation and Applied Informatics Politehnica University of Timisoara Timisoara Romania Dept. of Automatic Control and Electrical Engineering “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati Galati Romania

The paper proposes a simple Takagi-Sugeno PI-fuzzy controller for an anaerobic digestion process. A fifth order nonlinear model of the anaerobic digestion process is first presented. A second order linear model of the process is next proposed, and the parameters of the linear model are obtained from an optimization problem solved by a Gravitational Search Algorithm. A PI controller is designed for the linear process model using a frequency domain approach in terms of imposing the phase margin. The Takagi-Sugeno PI-fuzzy controller is designed on the basis of the linear PI controller. The Takagi-Sugeno PI-fuzzy controller is validated by simulation using the nonlinear process model in the fuzzy control system.

关键词： Mathematical model Process control control systems Fuzzy control Takagi-Sugeno model Modeling Biological system modeling

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Increasing energy efficiency of a building with minimal computational demands using model predictive control

Increasing energy efficiency of a building with minimal comp...

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Roedunet International Conference (RoEduNet)

作者： Giorgian Neculoiu Valentin Sgarciu Alexandru Viorel Marinescu Mariana Marinescu Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers Politehnica University of Bucharest1 Bucharest Romania Laboratory of Automation and Applied Informatics Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest Bucharest Romania

This work is a aggregated perspective of previous papers studying advanced control strategy applicable in intermittently heated buildings. This strategy mainly aims to optimize the energy efficiency of heating systems taking into consideration the minimization of the needful time and the computational resources necessary to this process. Model Predictive control is the control strategy used in this work and the main purpose (ensuring maximum comfort with minimum energy consumption) is satisfied by using weather forecasts and building occupancy program. Several architectures presented can be used to implement the proposed solution. The main goal is to minimize the computational requirements achieving the best performance. To solve the problems from previous studies, this paper studied the solutions implemented on a single thermal zone and multiple thermal zones.

关键词： Decision support systems

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Analysis of the proximity and skin effects on copper loss in a stator core

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Archives of electrical engineering 2014年第2期63卷 211-225页

作者： Mlot, Adrian Korkosz, Mariusz Grodzki, Piotr Lukaniszyn, Marian Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics Opole University of Technology Prószkowska 76 45-758 Opole Poland Rzeszow University of Technology Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering W. Pola 2 35-959 Rzeszów Poland

Accurate prediction of power loss distribution within an electrical device is highly desirable as it allows thermal behavior to be evaluated at the early design stage. Three-dimensional (3-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) finite element analysis (FEA) is applied to calculate dc and ac copper losses in the armature winding at high-frequency sinusoidal currents. The main goal of this paper is showing the end-winding effect on copper losses. Copper losses at high frequency are dominated by the skin and proximity effects. A time-varying current has a tendency to concentrate near the surfaces of conductors, and if the frequency is very high, the current is restricted to a very thin layer near the conductor surface. This phenomenon of nonuniform distribution of time-varying currents in conductors is known as the skin effect. The term proximity effect refers to the influence of alternating current in one conductor on the current distribution in another, nearby conductor. To evaluate the ac copper loss within the analyzed machine a simplified approach is adopted using one segment of stator core. To demonstrate an enhanced copper loss due to ac operation, the dc and ac resistances are calculated. The resistances ratio ac to dc is strongly dependent on frequency, temperature, shape of slot and size of slot opening.

关键词： Finite element method

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Results of load's observation for selected marine electric power plants systems in floating objects

Results of load's observation for selected marine electric p...

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Selected Problems of electrical engineering and Electronics (WZEE)

作者： Zbigniew Matuszak Grzegorz Nicewicz Jozef Stoklosa Andrzej Kaplon Rafał Jurecki Faculty of Marine Engineering Maritime University of Szczecin Szczecin Poland University of Economics and Innovations in Lublin Lublin Poland Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Computer Science Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering Kielce University of Technology Kielce Poland

Some aspects of marine electric power plants load registration and identification have been presented. Methods of operating data collecting about marine electric power plant loads have been shown based on an example of three vessels - a chemical tanker, a container ship and a tanker. Power plants of these vessels have been described. Examples of collected operating data were presented. Range of marine electric power plant load identification research has been characterized, which presented in the paper results are a part of.

关键词： Marine vehicles Engines Power generation Containers Generators Loading Power systems

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Using Autonomous Intelligence to Build a Smart Shop Floor

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Procedia CIRP 2016年 56卷 354-359页

作者： Dunbing Tang Kun Zheng Haitao Zhang Zelei Sang Zequn Zhang Chao Xu Javier A. Espinosa-Oviedo Genoveva Vargas-Solar José-Luis Zechinelli-Martini College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China French Mexican Laboratory of Informatics and Automatic Control Ex-hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir s/n 72810 Cholula Puebla Mexico Barcelona Supercomputing Centre C/ Jordi Girona 1-3 08034 Barcelona Spain French Council of Scientific Research LIG-LAFMIA 681 rue de la Passerelle 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères France Fundación Universidad de las Américas Puebla LAFMIA Exhacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir s/n 72810 Cholula Puebla Mexico

The vision of smart factory is based on the notion of Industry 4.0 that denotes technologies and concepts related to cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things (IoT). In smart factories cyber-physical systems monitor physical processes, create a virtual copy of the physical world and make decentralized decisions. Over the IoT, cyber-physical systems communicate and cooperate with each other in real time. This paper presents a smart factory architecture based on communication and computing layers that embed scheduling mechanisms within a mechanical shop floor. Every physical entity in the shop floor is seen as an autonomous intelligent agent that performs tasks guided by dynamic scheduling functions. A test bed has been set up to show how physical entities can be cooperative and autonomous units that can automatize the shop floor operation processes. The results verify the feasibility and efficiency of proposed method.

关键词： smart shop floor agent scheduling cyber-physical systems industry 4.0

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Estimation of electromagnetic parameters of an induction motor multi-loop equivalent circuit based on the machine inductance frequency characteristic

Estimation of electromagnetic parameters of an induction mot...

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Selected Problems of electrical engineering and Electronics (WZEE)

作者： Jaroslaw Rolek Andrzej Kaplon Grzegorz Utrata Politechnika Swietokrzyska Kielce PL Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Computer Science Kielce University of Technology Kielce Poland Institute of Environmental Engineering Czestochowa University of Technology Czestochowa Poland

The variability of electromagnetic parameters of induction motors with deep-bar cage or solid rotors is represented, with a satisfactory approximation, by the machine secondary multi-loop equivalent circuit with constant lumped parameters. An estimation procedure of electromagnetic parameters of such an equivalent circuit is presented in the paper. The procedure is carried out using the measured frequency characteristic determined on the basis of instantaneous values of investigated induction motor electromechanical quantities. The study has been subjected to an induction motor with a solid rotor manufactured from the magnetic material, i.e. a machine characterized by a significant skin effect occurring in rotor solid conductive elements.

关键词： Rotors Induction motors Inductance Frequency measurement Stator windings Magnetic flux

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Eigenvalue and eigenmode analysis for eddy current sensor model and conducting material

Eigenvalue and eigenmode analysis for eddy current sensor mo...

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13th IMEKO TC10 Workshop on Technical Diagnostics 2014: Advanced Measurement Tools in Technical Diagnostics for Systems' Reliability and Safety

作者： Wrzuszczak, Maria Wrzuszczak, Janusz Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics Opole University of Technology Sosnkowski Street 31 45-232 Opole Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781632669841

The paper deals with eigenvalue and eigenmode analysis of a model of eddy current sensor over the testing object. This object is made of conducting materials without and with discontinuities. The mathematical model is defined by a Helmholtz equation, and it is the fundamental model to eigenmode analysis. It can be classified as a quasi-static problem in electromagnetics. With finite element method (FEM) the eigenvalues of systems are calculated and the distribution of magnetic flux density (mode) for the eigenvalue are presented. Copyright© (2014) by the International Measurement Confederation (IMEKO).

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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