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Transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative games

science China(information sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 97-114页

作者： Peiyun ZHANG Chenxi LI Mengchu ZHOU Wenjun HUANG Abdullah ABUSORRAH Omaimah O.BAMASAG Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of Education School of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computer and Information Anhui Normal University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Center of Excellence in Smart Environment Research King Abdulaziz University

In blockchain networks, transactions can be transmitted through channels. The existing transmission methods depend on their routing information. If a node randomly chooses a channel to transmit a transaction, the transmission may be aborted due to insufficient funds(also called balance) or a low transmission rate. To increase the success rate and reduce transmission delay across all transactions, this work proposes a transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative game *** balance, channel states, and transmission probability are fully considered. This work then presents an optimized channel transaction transmission algorithm. First, channel balances are analyzed and suitable channels are selected if their balance is sufficient. Second, a Nash equilibrium point is found by using an iterative sub-gradient method and its related channels are then used to transmit transactions. The proposed method is compared with two state-of-the-art approaches: Silent Whispers and Speedy Murmurs. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves transmission success rate, reduces transmission delay,and effectively decreases transmission overhead in comparison with its two competitive peers.

关键词： Blockchain channel transaction transmission channel balance channel state channel transmission probability non-cooperative game

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VSSB-Raft: A Secure and Efficient Zero Trust Consensus Algorithm for Blockchain

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ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks 2024年第2期20卷 1-22页

作者： Tian, Siben Bai, Fenhua Shen, Tao Zhang, Chi Gong, Bei Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technology Applications China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology China

To solve the problems of vote forgery and malicious election of candidate nodes in the Raft consensus algorithm, we combine zero trust with the Raft consensus algorithm and propose a secure and efficient consensus algorithm -Verifiable Secret Sharing Byzantine Fault Tolerance Raft Consensus Algorithm (VSSB-Raft). The VSSB-Raft consensus algorithm realizes zero trust through the supervisor node and secret sharing algorithm without the invisible trust between nodes required by the algorithm. Meanwhile, the VSSB-Raft consensus algorithm uses the SM2 signature algorithm to realize the characteristics of zero trust requiring authentication before data use. In addition, by introducing the NDN network, we redesign the communication between nodes and guarantee the communication quality among nodes. The VSSB-Raft consensus algorithm proposed in this paper can make the algorithm Byzantine fault tolerant by setting a threshold for secret sharing while maintaining the algorithm's complexity to be O(n). Experiments show that the VSSB-Raft consensus algorithm is secure and efficient with high throughput and low consensus latency. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Blockchain

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IRS-enabled NOMA communication systems:A network architecture primer with future trends and challenges

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1503-1528页

作者： Haleema Sadia Ahmad Kamal Hassan Ziaul Haq Abbas Ghulam Abbas Muhammad Waqas Zhu Han Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications and Networking(TeleCoN)Research Center Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering and Technology(GIKI)Topi 23640Pakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering GIKITopi 23640Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Information TechnologyUniversity of Bahrain32028Bahrain School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerth WA6027Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77004USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul 446-701South Korea

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has already proven to be an effective multiple access scheme for5th Generation(5G)wireless *** provides improved performance in terms of system throughput,spectral efficiency,fairness,and energy efficiency(EE).However,in conventional NOMA networks,performance degradation still exists because of the stochastic behavior of wireless *** combat this challenge,the concept of Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)has risen to prominence as a low-cost intelligent solution for Beyond 5G(B5G)*** this paper,a modeling primer based on the integration of these two cutting-edge technologies,i.e.,IRS and NOMA,for B5G wireless networks is *** in-depth comparative analysis of IRS-assisted Power Domain(PD)-NOMA networks is provided through 3-fold ***,a primer is presented on the system architecture of IRS-enabled multiple-configuration PD-NOMA systems,and parallels are drawn with conventional network configurations,i.e.,conventional NOMA,Orthogonal Multiple Access(OMA),and IRS-assisted OMA *** by this,a comparative analysis of these network configurations is showcased in terms of significant performance metrics,namely,individual users'achievable rate,sum rate,ergodic rate,EE,and outage ***,for multi-antenna IRS-enabled NOMA networks,we exploit the active Beamforming(BF)technique by employing a greedy algorithm using a state-of-the-art branch-reduceand-bound(BRB)*** optimality of the BRB algorithm is presented by comparing it with benchmark BF techniques,i.e.,minimum-mean-square-error,zero-forcing-BF,and ***,we present an outlook on future envisioned NOMA networks,aided by IRSs,i.e.,with a variety of potential applications for 6G wireless *** work presents a generic performance assessment toolkit for wireless networks,focusing on IRS-assisted NOMA *** comparative analysis provides a solid foundation for the dev

关键词： Intelligent reflecting surface Non-orthogonal multiple access 6G Beamforming Sum rate Energy efficiency

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A Fast Algorithm for Computing the Deficiency Number of a Mahjong Hand

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第6期33卷 1383-1398页

作者： Xueqing YAN Yongming LI Sanjiang LI School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University School of Mathematics and Statistics Shaanxi Normal University Centre for Quantum Software and Information Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney

The tile-based multiplayer game Mahjong is widely played in Asia and has also become increasingly popular worldwide. Face-to-face or online, each player begins with a hand of 13 tiles and players draw and discard tiles in turn until they complete a winning hand. An important notion in Mahjong is the deficiency number(*** number in Japanese Mahjong) of a hand, which estimates how many tile changes are necessary to complete the hand into a winning hand. The deficiency number plays an essential role in major decision-making tasks such as selecting a tile to discard. This paper proposes a fast algorithm for computing the deficiency number of a Mahjong hand. Compared with the baseline algorithm, the new algorithm is usually 100 times faster and, more importantly,respects the agent's knowledge about available tiles. The algorithm can be used as a basic procedure in all Mahjong variants by both rule-based and machine learning-based Mahjong AI.

关键词： Machine learning algorithms Knowledge based systems Decision making Asia Games

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Thermal Model of a Soldering Iron 33rd

Thermal Model of a Soldering Iron

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33rd International Conference on Organization and technology of Maintenance, OTO 2024

作者： Barić, Tomislav Glavaš, Hrvoje Dubravac, Anto Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek University of Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031805967

Soldering irons are a hand tool that is indispensable in the process of making small series of electronic devices. Soldering irons have evolved from very simple devices without temperature control to devices with complex temperature control. The implementation of temperature control is based on the knowledge of the thermal models of the soldering iron. Thermal models of soldering irons are based either on the theory of thermal fields or on the theory of equivalent Kirchhoff thermal circuits. The theory of thermal fields is applied for very accurate modeling. In doing so, the finite element method (FEM) is used. For the above, it is necessary to use software packages based on FEM. Unlike FEM-based modeling, thermal circuit modeling does not require specialized software tools. It is also possible to derive analytical expressions that describe the thermal process of the soldering iron. In this paper, a thermal model of a soldering iron based on equivalent Kirchhoff thermal circuits is presented. Analytical expressions were derived to describe the thermal transient. The validity of the theoretical model is supported by measurement. Measurements were carried out on two soldering irons from different manufacturers. The measurement results were analyzed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Hand tools

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Drug-Target Interactions Prediction Based on Signed Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 231-244页

作者： Ming CHEN Yajian JIANG Xiujuan LEI Yi PAN Chunyan JI Wei JIANG College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal University School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Computer Science Department BNU-HKBU United International College

Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and targets while ignoring relational types information. Considering the positive or negative effects of DTIs will facilitate the study on comprehensive mechanisms of multiple drugs on a common target, in this work, we model DTIs on signed heterogeneous networks, through categorizing interaction patterns of DTIs and additionally extracting interactions within drug pairs and target protein pairs. We propose signed heterogeneous graph neural networks(SHGNNs), further put forward an end-to-end framework for signed DTIs prediction, called SHGNN-DTI,which not only adapts to signed bipartite networks, but also could naturally incorporate auxiliary information from drug-drug interactions(DDIs) and protein-protein interactions(PPIs). For the framework, we solve the message passing and aggregation problem on signed DTI networks, and consider different training modes on the whole networks consisting of DTIs, DDIs and PPIs. Experiments are conducted on two datasets extracted from Drug Bank and related databases, under different settings of initial inputs, embedding dimensions and training modes. The prediction results show excellent performance in terms of metric indicators, and the feasibility is further verified by the case study with two drugs on breast cancer.

关键词： Drug-target interactions Signed heterogeneous network Link sign prediction Graph neural networks

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Evaluation of Shallow Convolutional Neural Network in Open-World Chart Image Classification

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第6期48卷 185-198页

作者： Bajić, Filip Habijan, Marija Nenadić, Krešimir University Computing Centre University of Zagreb Zagreb10000 Croatia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek31000 Croatia

Data’s role is pivotal in the era of internet technologies, but unstructured data poses comprehension challenges. Data visualizations like charts have emerged as crucial tools for condensing complex information. Classifying charts and applying various processing techniques are vital to interpreting visual data. Traditional chart image classification methods rely on predefined rules and have limited accuracy. The advent of support vector machines (SVMs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) significantly improved the accuracy of these methods. This research evaluates our previously introduced Shallow convolutional neural network (SCNN) architecture for chart image classification, comprising four convolutional layers, two max-pooling layers, and one fully-connected layer. The network achieves state-of-the-art results, requiring smaller datasets and reduced computational resources. When two networks are combined into Siamese SCNN (SSCNN), emphasizing generalization, it achieves high accuracy with small datasets and excels in open-set classification. The evaluation process encompasses the utilization of six publicly available datasets. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data visualization

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Workout Action Recognition in Video Streams Using an Attention Driven Residual DC-GRU Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3067-3087页

作者： Arnab Dey Samit Biswas Dac-Nhuong Le Department of Computer Science and Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurHowrah711103India Faculty of Information Technology Haiphong UniversityHaiphong180000Vietnam

Regular exercise is a crucial aspect of daily life, as it enables individuals to stay physically active, lowers thelikelihood of developing illnesses, and enhances life expectancy. The recognition of workout actions in videostreams holds significant importance in computer vision research, as it aims to enhance exercise adherence, enableinstant recognition, advance fitness tracking technologies, and optimize fitness routines. However, existing actiondatasets often lack diversity and specificity for workout actions, hindering the development of accurate recognitionmodels. To address this gap, the Workout Action Video dataset (WAVd) has been introduced as a significantcontribution. WAVd comprises a diverse collection of labeled workout action videos, meticulously curated toencompass various exercises performed by numerous individuals in different settings. This research proposes aninnovative framework based on the Attention driven Residual Deep Convolutional-Gated Recurrent Unit (ResDCGRU)network for workout action recognition in video streams. Unlike image-based action recognition, videoscontain spatio-temporal information, making the task more complex and challenging. While substantial progresshas been made in this area, challenges persist in detecting subtle and complex actions, handling occlusions,and managing the computational demands of deep learning approaches. The proposed ResDC-GRU Attentionmodel demonstrated exceptional classification performance with 95.81% accuracy in classifying workout actionvideos and also outperformed various state-of-the-art models. The method also yielded 81.6%, 97.2%, 95.6%, and93.2% accuracy on established benchmark datasets, namely HMDB51, Youtube Actions, UCF50, and UCF101,respectively, showcasing its superiority and robustness in action recognition. The findings suggest practicalimplications in real-world scenarios where precise video action recognition is paramount, addressing the persistingchallenges in the field. TheWAVd datas

关键词： Workout action recognition video stream action recognition residual network GRU attention

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Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Automating App Review Classification:Advancing Usability Metrics Classification with an Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis Framework

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 949-976页

作者： Nahed Alsaleh Reem Alnanih Nahed Alowidi Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of HailHail81451Saudi Arabia

App reviews are crucial in influencing user decisions and providing essential feedback for developers to improve their *** the analysis of these reviews is vital for efficient review *** traditional machine learning(ML)models rely on basic word-based feature extraction,deep learning(DL)methods,enhanced with advanced word embeddings,have shown superior *** research introduces a novel aspectbased sentiment analysis(ABSA)framework to classify app reviews based on key non-functional requirements,focusing on usability factors:effectiveness,efficiency,and *** propose a hybrid DL model,combining BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers)with BiLSTM(Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory)and CNN(Convolutional Neural Networks)layers,to enhance classification *** analysis against state-of-the-art models demonstrates that our BERT-BiLSTM-CNN model achieves exceptional performance,with precision,recall,F1-score,and accuracy of 96%,87%,91%,and 94%,*** contributions of this work include a refined ABSA-based relabeling framework,the development of a highperformance classifier,and the comprehensive relabeling of the Instagram App Reviews *** advancements provide valuable insights for software developers to enhance usability and drive user-centric application development.

关键词： Requirements engineering(RE) app review analysis usabilitymetrics hybrid deep learning BERT-BiLSTM-CNN

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Analyzing Standardized Inverse Time-Current Curve Types of Overcurrent Relays for Efficient Overcurrent Protection in Distribution Networks 47

Analyzing Standardized Inverse Time-Current Curve Types of O...

引用

47th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2024

作者： Rojnić, Michele Prenc, Rene Dubravac, Marina Šimić, Zvonimir University Of Rijeka Faculty Of Engineering Croatia University Of Osijek Faculty Of Electrical Engineering Computer Science And Information Technology Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382495

The selection of the appropriate curve type of overcurrent relay function is significant for achieving optimal coordination of overcurrent protection in distribution networks. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the overcurrent relays performance regarding their different inverse time-current curve types. Additionally, different fault locations were taken into consideration. To investigate the impact of curve types on overcurrent relays coordination, we employed a uniform curve type for all overcurrent relays in two representative power systems. The results, encompassing three standardized IEC curve types, are presented, and analyzed to illustrate the efficacy of our proposed approach. Therefore, this study underscores the critical role that curve type selection has in determining the feasibility of attaining reasonably low overcurrent relay trip times. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Relay protection

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