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33rd International Conference on Organization and technology of Maintenance, OTO 2024

作者： Barić, Tomislav Glavaš, Hrvoje Dubravac, Anto Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek University of Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031805967

Soldering irons are a hand tool that is indispensable in the process of making small series of electronic devices. Soldering irons have evolved from very simple devices without temperature control to devices with complex temperature control. The implementation of temperature control is based on the knowledge of the thermal models of the soldering iron. Thermal models of soldering irons are based either on the theory of thermal fields or on the theory of equivalent Kirchhoff thermal circuits. The theory of thermal fields is applied for very accurate modeling. In doing so, the finite element method (FEM) is used. For the above, it is necessary to use software packages based on FEM. Unlike FEM-based modeling, thermal circuit modeling does not require specialized software tools. It is also possible to derive analytical expressions that describe the thermal process of the soldering iron. In this paper, a thermal model of a soldering iron based on equivalent Kirchhoff thermal circuits is presented. Analytical expressions were derived to describe the thermal transient. The validity of the theoretical model is supported by measurement. Measurements were carried out on two soldering irons from different manufacturers. The measurement results were analyzed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Hand tools

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Advanced Construction Materials Based on Concrete to Protect the Living Space from Non-Ionizing Radiation 1

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32nd International Conference on Organization and technology of Maintenance, OTO 2023

作者： Mandrić, Vanja Rupčić, Slavko Vinko, Davor Dominković, Ivica Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9783031514944

ISBN: (纸本)9783031514937

This paper presents measurements of the reflection and transmission coefficient of electromagnetic waves through concrete and two concrete-based composites: concrete with steel fibers and concrete with carbon fibers with the aim of enhancing the attenuation of electromagnetic waves passing through concrete and concrete composites. The frequency range for which the measurements were carried out extends from 30 MHz to 18 GHz and includes most of the existing stationary (and mobile) radiation EM sources in the environment in which the general population moves (FM, DVBT2, 2G - 5G mobile radio systems, stationary radar border area control systems). The measurement results show that as the thickness of the concrete increases, the transmission through concrete and concrete composites decreases (parameter S12 decreases). Furthermore, composites with carbon fibers partially reduce, while those with steel fibers significantly reduce, the transmission of EM waves through such composites. The reduction of parameter S12 by composites with steel is up to 52 dB (at a frequency of 2.9 GHz) for a block thickness of 100 mm. It is important to emphasize that in the case of composites with steel fibers, the influence of the fibers on the transmission parameters is more significant than the thickness of the sample. The reason for this is the increase in electrical conductivity of composites with steel fibers due to the increased proportion of conductive components in the concrete. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Steel fibers

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Optimization of Transmission Distance in Symmetric Wireless Power Transfer Topology 47

Optimization of Transmission Distance in Symmetric Wireless ...

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47th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2024

作者： Vinko, Davor Srnović, Mario Bilandžija, Domagoj Filipović, Luka Faculty Of Electrical Engineering Computer Science And Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382495

Inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) system uses alternating magnetic field to transmit power from the transmitter to the receiver. To confine the magnetic field, WPT coils are realized with high permeability substrate material that ensures shielding. Aside from shielding, high permeability substrate also increases the coil inductance. When transmitter and receiver coils are placed in close proximity, high permeability substrate of transmitter coil increases the inductance of the receiver coil, and vice versa. This additional inductance increase is a function of the substrate material type and the distance between the coils. To achieve high efficiency and low losses of the WPT system, a capacitor network is added to both transmitter and receiver coil. In a common serial-serial (S-S) WPT system topology, the capacitor networks are asymmetric, i.e. the capacitor network of the transmitter and the receiver are not identical. The efficiency of asymmetric S-S topology is significantly impaired due to variable coil inductance. To attain high efficiency in such operating conditions, this paper proposes symmetric S-S WPT topology with emphasis on transmission distance optimization. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Inductive power transmission

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Transmission of Electromagnetic Waves Through a Clay Material 1

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32nd International Conference on Organization and technology of Maintenance, OTO 2023

作者： Mandrić, Vanja Rupčić, Slavko Vinko, Davor Bilandžija, Domagoj Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9783031514944

ISBN: (纸本)9783031514937

This paper deals with the simulation calculation of transmission (S21) and reflection (S22) parameters in a material parametrically based on clay (brick). The electromagnetic parameters of the clay that are the subject of the study are: relative permittivity Εr, loss tangent tan δ and electrical conductivity σ, while the only structural parameter is the thickness d of the sample. The values of all considered parameters are within the range of data from available literature and values that could occur due to external causes (e. g. an increase in clay moisture leads to an increase in electrical conductivity). The simulation model was carried out with the software tool ANSYS HFSS and validated with a laboratory measurement model. The laboratory model consists of a circular waveguide with an inner diameter of 150 mm and a total length of 700 mm, which is excited by 52 mm long probes placed 50 mm from the last wall of the waveguide. The lower cut-off frequency of this measurement system is 1.173 GHz, so all results (simulation and measurement) are limited by this lower cut-off frequency of the waveguide. All simulation calculations were performed for three clay sample thicknesses: 18 mm, 36 mm and 54 mm. These calculations were made with the aim of determining brick composites that have high attenuation of electromagnetic EM waves (low transmission parameter and high reflection parameter) in order to reduce the strength of EM fields inside the object made of such bricks. The measured results were used to verify the simulation model. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Circular waveguides

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Harmful Brain Activity Classification Using Ensemble Deep Learning 66

Harmful Brain Activity Classification Using Ensemble Deep Le...

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66th International Symposium ELMAR, ELMAR 2024

作者： Habijan, Marija Sojo, Robert Tolic, Ivana Hartmann Galic, Irena Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375411

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a crucial tool for monitoring electrical brain activity and diagnosing neurological conditions. Manual analysis of EEG signals is time-consuming and prone to variability, necessitating automated methods for accurate and efficient interpretation. This paper presents an ensemble learning approach for the automated classification of harmful brain activity from EEG data. The model combines the strengths of ResNet1d GRU, EfficientNetB0, and EfficientNetB1 to predict brain activity from spectrograms and raw EEG signals. By leveraging the unique capabilities of each model and employing a weighted averaging scheme, the ensemble achieves a competitive Kullback-Liebler divergence score of 0.3 on the testing dataset. This approach demonstrates the potential of ensemble learning to improve the accuracy and robustness of automated EEG signal classification, offering a valuable tool for early detection and diagnosis of neurological conditions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Visual Programming Concept for Infineon XMC Series Microcontrollers 47

Visual Programming Concept for Infineon XMC Series Microcont...

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47th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2024

作者： Vulić, Lukrecia Kaučić, Luka Aleksi, Ivan Matić, Tomislav Computer Science And Information Technology Osijek Faculty Of Electrical Engineering Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382495

In today's modern world, efficient programming is a necessity. To speed up code generation nowadays, programming code is generated using different graphical tools. Although efficient, this technology is scarcely used in embedded system development. In this paper, we present a procedure for block-based visual programming with applications in embedded systems development. We present several examples of blocks using the Blockly open-source visual programming tool and test the implementation on selected Infineon XMC-based boards. The presented programming solution shows successful implementation of block-based visual programming in embedded systems development. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Evaluation of Shallow Convolutional Neural Network in Open-World Chart Image Classification

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第6期48卷 185-198页

作者： Bajić, Filip Habijan, Marija Nenadić, Krešimir University Computing Centre University of Zagreb Zagreb10000 Croatia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek31000 Croatia

Data’s role is pivotal in the era of internet technologies, but unstructured data poses comprehension challenges. Data visualizations like charts have emerged as crucial tools for condensing complex information. Classifying charts and applying various processing techniques are vital to interpreting visual data. Traditional chart image classification methods rely on predefined rules and have limited accuracy. The advent of support vector machines (SVMs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) significantly improved the accuracy of these methods. This research evaluates our previously introduced Shallow convolutional neural network (SCNN) architecture for chart image classification, comprising four convolutional layers, two max-pooling layers, and one fully-connected layer. The network achieves state-of-the-art results, requiring smaller datasets and reduced computational resources. When two networks are combined into Siamese SCNN (SSCNN), emphasizing generalization, it achieves high accuracy with small datasets and excels in open-set classification. The evaluation process encompasses the utilization of six publicly available datasets. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data visualization

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Maintaining Mobile Communication in Distress and Emergency Situations 1

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32nd International Conference on Organization and technology of Maintenance, OTO 2023

作者： Barić, Tomislav Glavaš, Hrvoje Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek University of Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9783031514944

ISBN: (纸本)9783031514937

This paper provides an overview of the technical aspects of the application of amateur radio stations in maintaining mobile communication in distress and emergency situations. Ultra-high frequencies (UHF) were selected for radio communication testing. Testing was performed at a frequency of 446 MHz, which is covered by the PMR446 (Private Mobile Radio) standard. Handheld radios were used to test communication in urban conditions. Given the high attenuation of electromagnetic waves in urban areas due to concrete and steel reinforced concrete buildings, special attention is paid to testing communication in urban areas. The quality and range of communication using non-directional and directional antennas as well as with simplex repeaters are presented in the paper. The obtained measurement results of quality and range of communication in urban conditions are analyzed and interpreted. General conclusions are given on the capabilities of amateur radio handheld stations and additional equipment such as antennas and simplex repeaters for maintaining communication in distress and emergency situations in urban conditions. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Electromagnetic waves

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A Case Study of Intelligent Street Lighting in Rural Areas for Energy Savings 33rd

A Case Study of Intelligent Street Lighting in Rural Areas f...

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33rd International Conference on Organization and technology of Maintenance, OTO 2024

作者： Križanović, Višnja Pracny, Patrik Pejković, Ana Grgić, Krešimir Faculty of Electrical Engineering Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031805967

The aim of this paper is to analyze the implementation of intelligent lighting within the concept of smart energy based on the possibility of saving and efficient use of energy, which is largely based on non-renewable sources. In selected case studies of rural environments, the possibility of implementing smart lighting was analyzed through simulation procedures, from the point of view of energy saving, showing the importance of this aspect in the context of building smart energy lighting systems. The conclusions in the paper show that the analyzed solution provides useful guidelines for the development of the concept of smart lighting, bringing benefits and reducing costs. Considerations given in the paper show a quantitative assessment of energy savings through the replacement of traditional lighting systems in rural areas. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Energy saving

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Utilizing faculty computers for Cryptocurrency Validation and Mining During Idle Time 33rd

Utilizing Faculty Computers for Cryptocurrency Validation an...

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33rd International Conference on Organization and technology of Maintenance, OTO 2024

作者： Švarcmajer, Miljenko Köhler, Mirko Marinčić, Juraj Perić, Juraj Faculty of Electrical Engineering Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek31000 Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031805967

In the world of cryptocurrencies, there is the possibility of participating in numerous processes in which some kind of reward is obtained, most often in the form of cryptocurrency. This paper investigates the possibilities of using laboratory computers at the faculty of electrical engineering, Computing and information Technologies in these processes when they are not used for teaching purposes. The hardware specifications of the computer were collected and an insight into the ways of cryptocurrency earnings mining and validation was provided. Mining is the most well-known earning process, and it was introduced with the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, and based on this cryptocurrency, this process is described in detail. Due to the hardware configuration of the computer, in this paper we focus on the profitability of CPU mining of cryptocurrencies that can be mined this way, namely Monero, Zephyr, Raptoreum, Skytere and Subi Network. This type of mining has been unprofitable for Bitcoin for years. Computing power does not have to be used only for the mining process. For example, Solana uses CPUs to validate transactions. This paper combines technical and economic analyses, taking into account computer specifications to assess the economic viability of cryptocurrency mining and validation on college computers. We highlight the importance of organization, maintenance, and economic factors in managing these processes, providing practical guidelines for optimal utilization of faculty resources for the purpose of cryptocurrency earnings. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Earnings

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