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12th International Conference on Mathematical Modeling in Physical sciences, IC-MSQUARE 2023

作者： Anghelache Nastase, I.-N. Moldovanu, S. Moraru, L. The Modelling & Simulation Laboratory Dunarea de Jos University of Galati 47 Domneasca Street Galati800008 Romania Emil Racovita Theoretical Highschool 12-14 Regiment 11 Siret Street Galati800332 Romania Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Faculty of Automation Computers Electrical Engineering and Electronics Dunarea de Jos University of Galati 47 Domneasca Street Galati800008 Romania Department of Chemistry Physics & Environment Faculty of Sciences and Environment Dunarea de Jos University of Galati 47 Domneasca Street Galati800008 Romania

Automatic breast tumor segmentation based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is significant for the diagnosis and monitoring of breast cancers. CNNs have become an important method for early diagnosis of breast cancer and, thus, can help decrease the mortality rate. In order to assist medical professionals in breast cancer investigation a computerized system based on two encoder-decoder architectures for breast tumor segmentation has been developed. Two pre-trained DeepLabV3+ and U-Net models are proposed. The encoder generates a high-dimensional feature vector while the decoder analyses the low-resolution feature vector provided by the encoder and generates a semantic segmentation mask. Semantic segmentation based on deep learning techniques can overcome the limitations of traditional algorithms. To assess the efficiency of breast ultrasound image segmentation, we compare the segmentation results provided by CNNs against the Local Graph Cut technique (a semi-automatic segmentation method) in the Image Segmenter application. The output segmentation results have been evaluated by using the Dice similarity coefficient that compares the ground truth images provided by the specialists against the predicted segmentation results provided by the CNNs and Local Graph Cut algorithm. The proposed approach is validated on 780 breast ultrasonographic images of the BUSI public database of which 437 are benign and 210 are malignant. The BUSI database provides classification (benign or malignant) labels for ground truth in binary mask images. The average Dice scores computed between the ground truth images against CNNs were as follows: 0.9360 (malignant) and 0.9325 (benign) for the DeepLabV3+ architecture and of 0.6251 (malignant) and 0.6252 (benign) for the U-Net, respectively. When the segmentation results provided by CNNs were compared with the Local Graph Cut segmented images, the Dice scores were 0.9377 (malignant) and 0.9204 (benign) for DeepLabV3+ architecture and 0.61

关键词： Graphic methods

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Event-based Video Reconstruction via Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneous Spiking Neural Network

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Yu, Jiajie Lu, Xing Guo, Lijun Wang, Chong Li, Guoqi Qian, Jiangbo Ningbo University Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo315211 China University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo315100 China Ningbo University Merchants’ Guild Economics and Cultural Intelligent Computing Laboratory Ningbo315211 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology Institute of Automation Beijing100045 China

Event cameras detect per-pixel brightness changes and output asynchronous event streams with high temporal resolution, high dynamic range, and low latency. However, the unstructured nature of event streams means that humans cannot analyze and interpret them in the same way as natural images. Event-based video reconstruction is a widely used method aimed at reconstructing intuitive videos from event streams. Most reconstruction methods based on traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) have high energy consumption, which counteracts the low-power advantage of event cameras. Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a new generation of event-driven neural networks that encode information via discrete spikes, which leads to greater computational efficiency. Previous methods based on SNNs overlooked the asynchronous nature of event streams, leading to reconstructions that suffer from artifacts, flickering, low contrast, etc. In this work, we analyze event streams and spiking neurons and explain poor reconstruction quality. We specifically propose a novel spatial-temporal heterogeneous (STH) spiking neuron suitable for reconstructing asynchronous event streams. The STH neuron adjusts the membrane decay coefficient adaptively and has better spatiotemporal perception. In addition, we propose a temporal-frequency calibration module (TFCM) based on the Fourier transform to improve the contrast of the reconstructions. On the basis of the above proposed neuron and module, we construct two SNN-based models, referred to as the STHSNN and TFCSNN. The goal of the former is to reduce the artifacts and flickering in reconstructions, whereas the latter focuses on enhancing the contrast. The experimental results demonstrate that our models can yield reconstructions in various scenarios, achieving better quality and lower energy consumption than previous SNNs. Specifically, the TFCSNN and STHSNN achieve top-2 performance among the SNN-based models, with energy consumption reductions of 3.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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DeceFL:a principled fully decentralized federated learning framework

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National science Open 2023年第1期2卷 35-51页

作者： Ye Yuan Jun Liu Dou Jin Zuogong Yue Tao Yang Ruijuan Chen Maolin Wang Chuan Sun Lei Xu Feng Hua Yuqi Guo Xiuchuan Tang Xin He Xinlei Yi Dong Li Guanghui Wen Wenwu Yu Hai-Tao Zhang Tianyou Chai Shaochun Sui Han Ding School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Applied Mathematics University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Digital FuturesKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden Shenyang Institute of Automation(SIA) Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110169China School of Mathematics Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and SecuritySoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group)Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610091China

Traditional machine learning relies on a centralized data pipeline for model training in various applications;however,data are inherently *** a decentralized nature of databases presents the serious challenge for collaboration:sending all decentralized datasets to a central server raises serious privacy *** there has been a joint effort in tackling such a critical issue by proposing privacy-preserving machine learning frameworks,such as federated learning,most state-of-the-art frameworks are built still in a centralized way,in which a central client is needed for collecting and distributing model information(instead of data itself)from every other client,leading to high communication burden and high vulnerability when there exists a failure at or an attack on the central *** we propose a principled decentralized federated learning algorithm(DeceFL),which does not require a central client and relies only on local information transmission between clients and their neighbors,representing a fully decentralized learning *** has been further proven that every client reaches the global minimum with zero performance gap and achieves the same convergence rate O(1=T)(where T is the number of iterations in gradient descent)as centralized federated learning when the loss function is smooth and strongly ***,the proposed algorithm has been applied to a number of applications to illustrate its effectiveness for both convex and nonconvex loss functions,time-invariant and time-varying topologies,as well as IID and Non-IID of datasets,demonstrating its applicability to a wide range of real-world medical and industrial applications.

关键词： decentralized federated learning smart manufacturing control systems privacy

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Quantized Distributed Nonconvex Optimization Algorithms with Linear Convergence under the Polyak–Lojasiewicz Condition

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年

作者： Xu, Lei Yi, Xinlei Sun, Jiayue Shi, Yang Johansson, Karl H. Yang, Tao Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China University of Victoria Department of Mechanical Engineering VictoriaBCV8W 2Y2 Canada Tongji University Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Shanghai201804 China KTH Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stockholm100 44 Sweden

This paper considers distributed optimization for minimizing the average of local nonconvex cost functions, by using local information exchange over undirected communication networks. To reduce the required communication capacity, we introduce an encoder–decoder scheme. By integrating it with distributed gradient tracking and proportional integral algorithms, respectively, we then propose two quantized distributed nonconvex optimization algorithms. Assuming the global cost function satisfies the Polyak–Lojasiewicz condition, which does not require the global cost function to be convex and the global minimizer is not necessarily unique, we show that our proposed algorithms linearly converge to a global optimal point. Moreover, we show that a low data rate is sufficient to guarantee linear convergence when the algorithm parameters are properly chosen. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical examples. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cost functions

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Distributed Event-Triggered Bandit Convex Optimization with Time-Varying Constraints

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Kunpeng Yi, Xinlei Wen, Guanghui Cao, Ming Johansson, Karl H. Chai, Tianyou Yang, Tao The State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China The Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States The Department of Mathematics Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen GroningenAG 9747 Netherlands Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Digital Futures Stockholm10044 Sweden

This paper considers the distributed bandit convex optimization problem with time-varying inequality constraints over a network of agents, where the goal is to minimize network regret and cumulative constraint violation. Existing distributed online algorithms require that each agent broadcasts its decision to its neighbors at each iteration. To better utilize the limited communication resources, we propose a distributed event-triggered online primal-dual algorithm with two-point bandit feedback. Under several classes of appropriately chosen decreasing parameter sequences and non-increasing event-triggered threshold sequences, we establish dynamic network regret and network cumulative constraint violation bounds. These bounds are comparable to the results achieved by distributed event-triggered online algorithms with full-information feedback. Finally, a numerical example is provided to verify the theoretical results. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convex optimization

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Detection of Detonators in Baggage Using Deep CNN Architecture: A Comparative Study of Contrast Enhancement and Feature Extraction Methods

Detection of Detonators in Baggage Using Deep CNN Architectu...

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International Conference on Image and Signal processing and their Applications (ISPA)

作者： Oulhissane Lynda Merah Mostefa Simona Moldovanu Luminita Moraru Laboratory of Signals and Systems LSS Faculty of Science and Technology Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University Mostaganem Algeria MSlab Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Modelling & Simulation Laboratory Faculty of Automation Computers Electrical Engineering and Electronics Dunarea de Jos University of Galati Galati Romania MSlab Department of Chemistry Physics & Environment Modelling & Simulation Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and Environment Dunarea de Jos University of Galati Galati Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798350309249

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309256

Visual inspection of dual-energy X-ray radiographic images of cabin baggage requires high performance, but is hindered by various challenges such as low target prevalence, variability in target visibility, possible presence of multiple targets, and security personnel fatigue and inattention. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, particularly deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown promise in improving the automatic detection of explosives, even with low-resolution radiographic images, especially in high baggage throughput scenarios. In this paper, we focus on the detection of detonators as components of improvised explosive devices. The proposed approach involves comparing two experiments implemented in a deep CNN architecture using TensorFlow and Keras libraries. In the first experiment, raw dual-energy radiographic images without any enhancement were used. The second experiment includes three methods for contrast enhancement and feature extraction: the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) method, the wavelet transform-based method, and the mixed CLAHE RGB-Wavelet method. In the latter two methods, Haar, Db2, Coif2, and Sym2 mother wavelet functions at two levels (HH and HL) were employed. The analysis of results focuses on a comparative study of performance measures such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. It was found that the preprocessing methods used in experiment 2, for the two evaluated classes (detonator and no detonator), achieved higher accuracy compared to the raw radiographic images used in experiment 1 (98.08%). The highest accuracies in experiment 2, with a value of 100%, were obtained with the CLAHE method (green channel in grayscale, blue channel in grayscale, and RGB channels) and the wavelet transform method with Haar mother wavelet at two levels HL

关键词： Wavelet transforms Radiography Visualization Gray-scale Inspection Feature extraction Libraries

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Unprecedented Smart Algorithm for Uninterrupted SDN Services During DDoS Attack

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 875-894页

作者： Muhammad Reazul Haque Saw Chin Tan Zulfadzli Yusoff Kashif Nisar Rizaludin Kaspin Iram Haider Sana Nisar J.P.C.Rodrigues Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry Muhammad AslamUqaili Satya Prasad Majumder Danda B.Rawat Richard Etengu Rajkumar Buyya Faculty of Computing&Informatics Multimedia UniversityPersiaranMultimediaCyberjaya63100SelangorMalaysia Faculty of Engineering Multimedia UniversityPersiaran MultimediaCyberjaya63100SelangorMalaysia Faculty of Computing and Informatics University Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota Kinabalu Sabah88400Malaysia Telekom Malaysia Research&Development TM Innovation Centre63000CyberjayaSelangorMalaysia Federal University of Piauí(UFPI) TeresinaPIBrazil Instituto de Telecomunica珲es 6201-001Covilh?Portugal National Center of Robotics and Automation-Condition Monitoring Systems Lab MUETJamshoroPakistan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering BUETDhaka1205Bangladesh Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Data Science and Cybersecurity CenterHoward UniversityWashingtonDCUSA Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems(CLOUDS)Laboratory School of Computing and Information SystemsThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3053Australia

In the design and planning of next-generation Internet of Things(IoT),telecommunication,and satellite communication systems,controller placement is crucial in software-defined networking(SDN).The programmability of the SDN controller is sophisticated for the centralized control system of the entire ***,it creates a significant loophole for the manifestation of a distributed denial of service(DDoS)attack ***,recently a Distributed Reflected Denial of Service(DRDoS)attack,an unusual DDoS attack,has been ***,minimal deliberation has given to this forthcoming single point of SDN infrastructure failure ***,recently the high frequencies of DDoS attacks have increased *** this paper,a smart algorithm for planning SDN smart backup controllers under DDoS attack scenarios has *** proposed smart algorithm can recommend single or multiple smart backup controllers in the event of DDoS *** obtained simulated results demonstrate that the validation of the proposed algorithm and the performance analysis achieved 99.99%accuracy in placing the smart backup controller under DDoS attacks within 0.125 to 46508.7 s in SDN.

关键词： SDN smart algorithm RTZLK-DAASCP DDoS attack DRDoS

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Melanoma Detection using a Random Forest Algorithm 10

Melanoma Detection using a Random Forest Algorithm

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10th E-Health and Bioengineering Conference, EHB 2022

作者： Damian, Felicia-Anisoara Moldovanu, Simona Moraru, Luminita The Modelling & Simulation Laboratory University Dunarea de Jos of Galati UGAL Galati Romania Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Faculty of Automation Computers Electrical Engineering and Electronics University Dunarea de Jos of Galati UGAL Galati Romania Department of Chemistry Physics and Environment Faculty of Sciences and Environment University Dunarea de Jos of Galati UGAL Galati Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485579

In recent years, statistical evidence has identified melanoma as a major cause of skin cancer deaths. In this study, we propose a skin analysis lesions based on colour features (C) and Hu (H) moments to differentiate benign (nevi) and malignant (melanoma) lesions and, a classification based on Random Forest algorithm. Colour features are found as follows. Pre-processing for hair removing using the Dull-razor method;image segmentation based on the optimal colour threshold set on each RGB colour channel (red, green, blue);23 colour features extraction using the minimum and maximum RGB intensity and Hu moments;Random Forest (RF) algorithm to accurately differentiate benign and malignant skin lesions. This study used three datasets: 7-Point, Med-Node, PH2. RF classifier performance in terms of accuracy was: 94% for the 7-point dataset with H5, H7, H6, H2, C08 selected as relevant features;98.1% for the Med-Node dataset and H7, H5, H6, H2, H1 ACC the relevant features;and, 96.5% for the PH2 dataset and H5, H6, H7, C03, H1 selected as relevant features, respectively. Shape features based on Hu moments are found to improve the classification performance of the skin lesions compared to the colour features. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Improved Classification of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions Based on Contrast Manipulation and Gradient Map 10

Improved Classification of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesio...

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10th E-Health and Bioengineering Conference, EHB 2022

作者： Nastase, Iulia-Nela Anghelache Moldovanu, Simona Moraru, Luminita The Modelling & Simulation Laboratory University Dunarea de Jos of Galati UGAL Galati Romania Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Faculty of Automation Computers Electrical Engineering and Electronics University Dunarea de Jos of Galati UGAL Galati Romania Department of Chemistry Physics and Environment Faculty of Sciences and Environment University Dunarea de Jos of Galati UGAL Galati Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485579

This study proposes an approach to enhance the contrast breast ultrasound (BUS) images with the preservation of the finer details. The main idea is to use the relevant and most important features in the classification of BUS images as benign or malignant. Among the contrast manipulation techniques, both linear under- and overexposure methods, contrast limiting adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) method and homomorphic filtering are used. The gradient maps of original images are generated for further analysis. Also, the gradient maps of original images are improved by the local mean subtraction and divisive normalization. Eight structural features are extracted from each gradient map image type. The extracted features feed a Random Forest (RF) classifier to determine their relevance for BUS images classification. An accuracy of 97.12% has been obtained for improved gradient map images and 93.03% for gradient map images. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Image classification

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Repetitive T-S Fuzzy Model-Based Iterative Learning Control Law Design

Repetitive T-S Fuzzy Model-Based Iterative Learning Control ...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Robert Maniarski Wojciech Paszke Hongfeng Tao Eric Rogers Institute of Automation Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Zielona Góra ul. Szafrana 2 Zielona Góra Poland Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry of Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Southampton UK

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

This paper develops an iterative learning control law for a class of nonlinear systems. The approach used to represent the nonlinear system dynamics is a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy repetitive process that considers the two directions of information propagation. Then, the control action investigated is a state feedback control law combined with a PD-type feed-forward learning control law. Consequently, linear matrix inequality techniques can be used for control design. Furthermore, this approach allows the design of control action to satisfy the requirements on both the error convergence and the transient dynamics. Finally, an example demonstrates the properties of the new design.

关键词： State feedback Control design Takagi-Sugeno model Nonlinear dynamical systems Linear matrix inequalities Transient analysis Iterative learning control Convergence

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