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46th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2023

作者： Benjak, J. Hofman, D. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Control and Computer Engineering Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532331042

Unmanned aerial vehicle technology is growing rapidly as it finds its application in the various industries, including military & defense, agriculture, logistics, transportation, healthcare, entertainment and many others. One of the fastest growing industries including drones is the entertainment industry. More specifically, First Person View (FPV) piloting has become a popular sport which attracts huge masses. In FPV systems, the pilot wears FPV goggles and controls the drone using a controller, and the drone transmits video data to the goggles in real time. Since drones usually fly very quickly, the video quality in terms of resolution, compression artefacts and end-to-end delay must be maintained. This paper explores the idea of optimizing the Motion Estimation (ME) algorithm of existing High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) algorithms by utilizing user input from the controller. For example, if the drone is directed to hover to the left, then it would make sense to search for the most similar blocks in the previous video frame only on the left side of the referent block. For the purpose of this research, a HEVC video coder was customized to receive additional input besides the video data - the user input from the controller, or in other words, drone movement directions. We call this ME algorithm User Input Search (UIS). Our UIS algorithm is compared with the standard ME algorithms and its efficiency is tested. © 2023 MIPRO Croatian Society.

关键词： Real time systems

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Performance *** Comparative Analysis of Multimodal Bilinear Pooling Fusion Approaches for Deep Learning-Based Visual Arabic-Question Answering Systems

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2025年第4期143卷 373-411页

作者： Sarah M.Kamel Mai A.Fadel Lamiaa Elrefaei Shimaa I.Hassan Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairo11629Egypt Computer Science Department Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyBadr University in Cairo(BUC)Cairo11829Egypt Communication Systems Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringBenha National UniversityObour11846QalyubiaEgypt

Visual question answering(VQA)is a multimodal task,involving a deep understanding of the image scene and the question’s meaning and capturing the relevant correlations between both modalities to infer the appropriate *** this paper,we propose a VQA system intended to answer yes/no questions about real-world images,in *** support a robust VQA system,we work in two directions:(1)Using deep neural networks to semantically represent the given image and question in a fine-grainedmanner,namely ResNet-152 and Gated Recurrent Units(GRU).(2)Studying the role of the utilizedmultimodal bilinear pooling fusion technique in the *** the model complexity and the overall model *** fusion techniques could significantly increase the model complexity,which seriously limits their applicability for VQA *** far,there is no evidence of how efficient these multimodal bilinear pooling fusion techniques are for VQA systems dedicated to yes/no ***,a comparative analysis is conducted between eight bilinear pooling fusion techniques,in terms of their ability to reduce themodel complexity and improve themodel performance in this case of VQA *** indicate that these multimodal bilinear pooling fusion techniques have improved the VQA model’s performance,until reaching the best performance of 89.25%.Further,experiments have proven that the number of answers in the developed VQA system is a critical factor that *** the effectiveness of these multimodal bilinear pooling techniques in achieving their main objective of reducing the model *** Multimodal Local Perception Bilinear Pooling(MLPB)technique has shown the best balance between the model complexity and its performance,for VQA systems designed to answer yes/no questions.

关键词： Arabic-VQA deep learning-based VQA deep multimodal information fusion multimodal representation learning VQA of yes/no questions VQA model complexity VQA model performance performance-complexity trade-off

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Dynamics analysis and cryptographic implementation of a fractional-order memristive cellular neural network model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 418-433页

作者：周新卫蒋东华 Jean De Dieu Nkapkop Musheer Ahmad Jules Tagne Fossi Nestor Tsafack 吴建华 Department of Information Engineering Gongqing CollegeNanchang UniversityJiujiang 332020China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 511400China Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Computing University Institute of TechnologyDoualaCameroon Department of Computer Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi 110025India Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundeCameroon Electrical Engineering Department and Industrial Computing of ISTAMA University of DoualaDoualaCameroon

Due to the fact that a memristor with memory properties is an ideal electronic component for implementation of the artificial neural synaptic function,a brand-new tristable locally active memristor model is first proposed in this ***,a novel four-dimensional fractional-order memristive cellular neural network(FO-MCNN)model with hidden attractors is constructed to enhance the engineering feasibility of the original CNN model and its ***,its hardware circuit implementation and complicated dynamic properties are investigated on multi-simulation ***,it is used toward secure communication application *** it as the pseudo-random number generator(PRNG),a new privacy image security scheme is designed based on the adaptive sampling rate compressive sensing(ASR-CS)***,the simulation analysis and comparative experiments manifest that the proposed data encryption scheme possesses strong immunity against various security attack models and satisfactory compression performance.

关键词： cellular neural network memristor hardware circuit compressive sensing privacy data protection

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Addressing Imbalance in Health Datasets: A New Method NR-Clustering SMOTE and Distance Metric Modification

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2931-2949页

作者： Hairani Hairani Triyanna Widiyaningtyas Didik Dwi Prasetya Afrig Aminuddin Department of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia Department of Computer Science Universitas BumigoraMataram83127Indonesia Department of Computer Graphic and Multimedia Faculty of ComputingCollege of Computing and Applied SciencesUniversiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahPekan26600Malaysia

An imbalanced dataset often challenges machine learning, particularly classification methods. Underrepresented minority classes can result in biased and inaccurate models. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) was developed to address the problem of imbalanced data. Over time, several weaknesses of the SMOTE method have been identified in generating synthetic minority class data, such as overlapping, noise, and small disjuncts. However, these studies generally focus on only one of SMOTE’s weaknesses: noise or overlapping. Therefore, this study addresses both issues simultaneously by tackling noise and overlapping in SMOTE-generated data. This study proposes a combined approach of filtering, clustering, and distance modification to reduce noise and overlapping produced by SMOTE. Filtering removes minority class data (noise) located in majority class regions, with the k-nn method applied for filtering. The use of Noise Reduction (NR), which removes data that is considered noise before applying SMOTE, has a positive impact in overcoming data imbalance. Clustering establishes decision boundaries by partitioning data into clusters, allowing SMOTE with modified distance metrics to generate minority class data within each cluster. This SMOTE clustering and distance modification approach aims to minimize overlap in synthetic minority data that could introduce noise. The proposed method is called “NR-Clustering SMOTE,” which has several stages in balancing data: (1) filtering by removing minority classes close to majority classes (data noise) using the k-nn method;(2) clustering data using K-means aims to establish decision boundaries by partitioning data into several clusters;(3) applying SMOTE oversampling with Manhattan distance within each cluster. Test results indicate that the proposed NR-Clustering SMOTE method achieves the best performance across all evaluation metrics for classification methods such as Random Forest, SVM, and Naїve Bayes, compared t

关键词： SMOTE modification Clustering-SMOTE manhattan distance

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New Antenna Array Beamforming Techniques Based on Hybrid Convolution/Genetic Algorithm for 5G and Beyond Communications

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2749-2767页

作者： Shimaa M.Amer Ashraf A.M.Khalaf Amr H.Hussein Salman A.Alqahtani Mostafa H.Dahshan Hossam M.Kassem Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyKafr ElsheikhEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHorus University EgyptNew DamiettaEgypt Department of Computer Engineering College of computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia School of Computing Mathematics and EngineeringCharles Sturt UniversityBathurstNSW2795Australia

Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to ***,it improves the array gain and directivity,increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar *** study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction *** techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm(GA)to develop the Conv/GA andDConv/GA,*** convolution process determines the element’s excitations while the GA optimizes the element *** M elements linear antenna array(LAA),the convolution of the excitation coefficients vector by itself provides a new vector of excitations of length N=(2M−1).This new vector is divided into three different sets of excitations including the odd excitations,even excitations,and middle excitations of lengths M,M−1,andM,*** the same element spacing as the original LAA is used,it is noticed that the odd and even excitations provide a much lower SLL than that of the LAA but with amuch wider half-power beamwidth(HPBW).While the middle excitations give the same HPBWas the original LAA with a relatively higher *** the increased HPBWof the odd and even excitations,the element spacing is optimized using the ***,the synthesized arrays have the same HPBW as the original LAA with a two-fold reduction in the ***,for extreme SLL reduction,the DConv/GA is *** this technique,the same procedure of the aforementioned Conv/GA technique is performed on the resultant even and odd excitation *** provides a relatively wider HPBWthan the original LAA with about quad-fold reduction in the SLL.

关键词： Array synthesis convolution process genetic algorithm(GA) half power beamwidth(HPBW) linear antenna array(LAA) side lobe level(SLL) quality of service(QOS)

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ELCD-NSC2: a novel early lung cancer detection and non-small cell classification framework

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Neural computing and Applications 2024年第24期36卷 15149-15164页

作者： Helaly, Hadeer A. Badawy, Mahmoud El-Gendy, Eman M. Haikal, Amira Y. Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Damietta University Damietta Egypt Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Computer Science and Informatics Taibah University Medina Saudi Arabia

The survival rate of lung cancer relies significantly on how far the disease has spread when it is detected, how it reacts to the treatment, the patient’s overall health, and other factors. Therefore, the earlier the lung cancer diagnosis, the higher the survival rate. For radiologists, recognizing malignant lung nodules from computed tomography (CT) scans is a challenging and time-consuming process. As a result, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been suggested to alleviate these burdens. Deep-learning approaches have demonstrated remarkable results in recent years, surpassing traditional methods in different fields. Researchers are currently experimenting with several deep-learning strategies to increase the effectiveness of CAD systems in lung cancer detection with CT. This work proposes a deep-learning framework for detecting and diagnosing lung cancer. The proposed framework used recent deep-learning techniques in all its layers. The autoencoder technique structure is tuned and used in the preprocessing stage to denoise and reconstruct the medical lung cancer dataset. Besides, it depends on the transfer learning pre-trained models to make multi-classification among different lung cancer cases such as benign, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. The proposed model provides high performance while recognizing and differentiating between two types of datasets, including biopsy and CT scans. The Cancer Imaging Archive and Kaggle datasets are utilized to train and test the proposed model. The empirical results show that the proposed framework performs well according to various performance metrics. According to accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC metrics, it achieves 99.60, 99.61, 99.62, 99.70, and 99.75%, respectively. Also, it depicts 0.0028, 0.0026, and 0.0507 in mean absolute error, mean squared error, and root mean square error metrics. Furthermore, it helps physicians effectively diagnose lung cancer in its early stages and allows spe

关键词： Image classification

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Reliability-aware swarm based multi-objective optimization for controller placement in distributed SDN architecture

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1245-1257页

作者： Abeer A.Z.Ibrahim Fazirulhisyam Hashim Aduwati Sali Nor K.Noordin Keivan Navaie Saber M.E.Fadul Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Wireless and Photonics Networks Research Centre(WiPNET) Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Department of Communication and Computer Engineering College of Engineering and Medical SciencesKhartoum11111Sudan School of Computing and Communications Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YWUnited Kingdom Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

The deployment of distributed multi-controllers for Software-Defined Networking(SDN)architecture is an emerging solution to improve network scalability and ***,the network control failure affects the dynamic resource allocation in distributed networks resulting in network disruption and low ***,we consider the control plane fault tolerance for cost-effective and accurate controller location models during control plane *** fault-tolerance strategy has been applied to distributed SDN control architecture,which allows each switch to migrate to next controller to enhance network *** this paper,the Reliable and Dynamic Mapping-based controller Placement(RDMCP)problem in distributed architecture is framed as an optimization problem to improve the system reliability,quality,and *** considering the bound constraints,a heuristic state-of-the-art controller Placement Problem(CPP)algorithm is used to address the optimal assignment and reassignment of switches to nearby controllers other than their regular *** algorithm identifies the optimal controller location,minimum number of controllers,and the expected assignment costs after failure at the lowest effective cost.A metaheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm was combined with RDMCP to form a hybrid approach that improves objective function optimization in terms of reliability and *** effectiveness of our hybrid RDMCP-PSO was then evaluated using extensive experiments and compared with other baseline *** findings demonstrate that the proposed hybrid technique significantly increases the network performance regarding the controller number and load balancing of the standalone heuristic CPP algorithm.

关键词： Software defined networking Dynamic mapping Particle swarm optimization Reliability Multi-objective optimization Evolutionary

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mmWave Radar-Based Non-Invasive Vehicle Occupancy Detection with Insights from Vision, RF, and Physical Sensors: A Review

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第11期25卷 18643-18661页

作者： Yousaf, Jawad Palmer, Alyssa Shams, Maitha Wasma, Zayna Qasymeh, Montasir Hassan, Taimur Arora, Deepak Ghazal, Mohammed Abu Dhabi University Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Department Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Liwa College Faculty of Engineering and Computing Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

The potential uses of human occupancy detection (HOD) in vehicles are crucial for handling resources, passenger safety, and privacy-preserving technology. In this study, the usage of various sensor systems for non-invasive vehicle occupant detection is examined, including mmWave radar, vision-based, and physical sensors. These technologies undergo a thorough review analysis that looks at methods, performance indicators, and use cases before being assessed for robustness, accuracy, real-time capabilities, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. The impact of clutter, scalability, and privacy in car interiors on HOD is also thoroughly discussed. Based on its ability to balance cost, accuracy, and adaptability, frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is termed the best option for vehicle occupant identification. The study discussed the possible challenges and future direction, as well as the conclusion provides research opportunities in hybrid sensing systems and advanced machine learning integration to overcome existing constraints. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency shift keying

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Grid-Forming PV System for Frequency Ancillary Services Provision 3

Grid-Forming PV System for Frequency Ancillary Services Prov...

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3rd International Conference on Energy Transition in the Mediterranean Area, SyNERGY MED 2024

作者： Barac, Bojana Capuder, Tomislav Panteli, Mathaios University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Energy and Power Systems Croatia University of Cyprus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375923

With the increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems posing challenges to power system stability, this paper investigates the effectiveness of grid-forming controlled PV systems in providing frequency ancillary services. The study implements the Virtual Synchronous Machine strategy, utilizing DC-link capacitor energy for inertial response provision (DCVQVSM), integrated within a grid-forming topology. To ensure power-frequency droop control, an additional control loop is introduced within the DCVQ-VSM topology. The efficacy of this control system is proved through simulations conducted on a simple two-bus system and a fully-electrified active distribution network (ADN). Both case studies demonstrate the successful operation of grid-forming controlled PV systems, highlighting their capability to influence power system frequency dynamics. The analysis underscores the significance of deloading PV operation in facilitating flexibility services provision, thereby enhancing the reliability and resilience of system operation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Synchronous machinery

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4K Video Coding Efficiency in UAV Systems 45

4K Video Coding Efficiency in UAV Systems

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45th Jubilee International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology, MIPRO 2022

作者： Benjak, J. Hofman, D. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Control and Computer Engineering Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532331035

With increasing requirements for high quality, low bandwidth video transmission systems, comes a demand for more ad hoc video encoders. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or just drones, have recently grown in popularity and use. Therefore, in this paper, we provide an efficiency comparison of the two most popular video encoders in a First-person view (FPV) drone piloting system. We film all the test sequences ourselves, using a drone with an attached 4K camera. Each sequence captures a scene with different spatiotemporal characteristics. Because video encoders are sensitive to video content or scene complexity, instead of doing a comprehensive comparison of all sequences at once, we first classify all the sequences into four groups. Finally, we examine the compression efficiency by varying the parameters with the highest impact on encoder operation. The quality of compressed footage is determined using four objective video quality measures. Due to high computational complexity, tests were performed on several nodes of a supercomputer and the relative encoding times were also considered. © 2022 Croatian Society MIPRO.

关键词： Antennas

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