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33rd International Scientific Conference Electronics, ET 2024

作者： Minev, Petar Kukenska, Valentina Dinev, Matyo Varbov, Ilian Technical University of Gabrovo Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics Department of Computer Systems and Technologies 4 H. Dimitar str Gabrovo5300 Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376449

This paper presents a study on the effect of using a smaller number of inputs in the FPGA logic block calculated according to a pre-compiled model based on Rent's rule. This rule, when applied to the FPGA logic block with a logic block crossbar, allows for the reduction of the size of its multiplexers, thereby reducing its area and the delays in the switching circuits. The study uses a set of benchmark circuits, which are implemented in FPGA architectures with predefined parameters. The obtained results allow for comparing the architectures based on the total area and the critical path delays of the benchmark circuits. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Wireless Power Transmission Using Additively Manufactured Ferrite Pad 1

Wireless Power Transmission Using Additively Manufactured Fe...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Developments in electrical engineering, SSDEE 2025

作者： Bhnadari, Shreejan Khanal, Samip Akter, Taslima Li, Frank X Yelamanchi, Bharat Itapu, Srikanth Borra, Vamsi Youngstown State University Electrical and Computer Engineering YoungstownOH United States Chemical Engineering Youngstown State University YoungstownOH United States Industrial and Systems Engineering Youngstown State University YoungstownOH United States Alliance University Engineering and Technology Karnataka Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542108

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a promising technology for various purposes, but efficiency remains a key challenge. This research investigates using additively manufactured ferrite pads to enhance wireless power transmission efficiency. By utilizing manganese-zinc ferrite cores with precise 3D-printed geometries, the study aims to improve magnetic flux coupling and reduce energy losses. Using ANSYS Maxwell simulations and experimental setups with AWG 40 Litz wire coils, the research explored how ferrite materials impact power transfer performance. The findings demonstrate the significant improvements: simulations achieved a transfer efficiency of 89% while the experimental data showed output results increasing from 26.27 mV to 40.46 mV when using a ferrite pad. The study addresses critical WPT challenges such as coil misalignment, distance variations, and power density, offering insights into developing more efficient wireless charging solutions and other applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric losses

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Interactive Framework for Cybersecurity Education and Future Workforce Development 54

Interactive Framework for Cybersecurity Education and Future...

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54th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE 2024

作者： Ghimire, Sujan Chowdhury, Muhtasim Alam Tsang, Ryan Yarnell, Richard Heckert, Emma Carpenter, Jaeden Lin, Yu-Zheng Mamun, Muntasir Demara, Ronald F. Rafatirad, Setareh Satam, Pratik Salehi, Soheil University of Arizona Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering TucsonAZ85721 United States University of Arizona Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TucsonAZ85721 United States University of California Davis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering DavisCA95616 United States University of Central Florida Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering OrlandoFL32826 United States University of California Davis Department of Computer Science DavisCA95616 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351507

This research-to-practice paper presents a novel pedagogical tool for hardware cybersecurity education and workforce development. The growing importance of hardware security has made it essential for individuals and organizations to understand hardware security principles and best practices. However, the current educational curriculum falls short of fulfilling these emerging demands due to the rapidly changing hardware security landscape and limited opportunities for hands-on training. To address these challenges, we propose and have developed the Interactive Hardware and Cybersecurity (I-HaC) Educational Framework, a pedagogical educational framework that supplements existing courses by leveraging generative AI for individualized instruction related to hardware and cybersecurity, data mining, and applied Machine Learning (ML), as well as data visualization to enhance cybersecurity education and workforce development. The framework is designed to be utilized by graduate and undergraduate electrical and computer engineering (ECE) and computer Science (CS) students for a comprehensive introduction to cybersecurity exploits and countermeasures in an interactive manner with hands-on components. Using I-HaC, we have developed tailored lab components for a diverse range of students and intend to release I-HaC as open-source for the benefit of the ECE and CS education community. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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A Deep Learning Approach to Recognizing New Thai Currency Using Transfer Learning for Visually Impaired Individuals 17

A Deep Learning Approach to Recognizing New Thai Currency Us...

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17th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication systems, ICSPCS 2024

作者： Ahmad, Irfan Sharif, Abubakar Azmat, Aneeka Jamil, Muhammad Usman Maynooth University Maynooth International Engineering College Faculty of Science and Engineering Ireland Maynooth University Maynooth International Engineering College Faculty of Science and Engineering Fuzhou China University of Glasgow James Watt School of Engineering United Kingdom National Tsinghua University College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Institute of Information Systems and Application Hsinchu Taiwan Chuzhou University School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Chuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389630

Assistive mobile applications play a pivotal role for visually impaired individuals worldwide. These applications often face challenges in currency recognition due to varying perspectives, inconsistent illumination, and background clutter. This issue is especially pressing in developing countries like Thailand, where there is a notable gap in robust currency recognition systems, particularly for the new Thai currency notes. This study employs a deep learning approach using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to automate the recognition of the new Thai currency notes. Using transfer learning, we fine-tuned the CNN using the Xception model, renowned for its depth-wise separable convolution. The network trained on a meticulously curated dataset comprising 3600 images (without data augmentation) of five different denominations of the new Thai currency (20, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 baht) notes, captured under various conditions. The resulting model achieved an average training accuracy of 99.5% and a validation accuracy of 99.8%. Given its robustness and high accuracy, the model can be integrated into an Android application. Such an application would offer a user-friendly and reliable tool for visually impaired individuals to effortlessly identify the new Thai currency notes in their everyday transactions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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An Optimized Algorithm for Resource Allocation for D2D in Heterogeneous Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2923-2936页

作者： Abdul Kadir Hamid Fahd N.Al-Wesabi Nadhem Nemri Ammar Zahary Imran Khan Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityMuhayel AseerKSA Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversitySanaaYemen Department of Information Systems King Khalid UniversityMayahel AseerKSA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawarPaki

With the emergence of 5G mobile multimedia services,end users’demand for high-speed,low-latency mobile communication network access is *** them,the device-to-device(D2D)communication is one of the considerable *** D2D communication,the data does not need to be relayed and forwarded by the base station,but under the control of the base station,a direct local link is allowed between two adjacent mobile *** flexible communicationmode reduces the processing bottlenecks and coverage blind spots of the base station,and can be widely used in dense user communication scenarios such as heterogeneous ultra-dense wireless *** of the important factors which affects the quality-of-service(QoS)of D2D communications is co-channel *** order to solve this problem of co-channel interference,this paper proposes a graph coloring based *** main idea is to utilize the weighted priority of spectrum resources and enables multiple D2D users to reuse the single cellular user *** proposed algorithm also provides simpler power *** heterogeneous pattern of interference is determined using different types of interferences and UE and the priority of color is *** results show that the proposed algorithm effectively reduced the co-channel interference,power consumption and improved the system throughput as compared with existing algorithms.

关键词： 5G device-to-device communication wireless networks spectrum

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Consensus-based dispatch optimization of a microgrid considering meta-heuristic-based demand response scheduling and network packet loss characterization

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Energy and AI 2023年第1期11卷 71-89页

作者： Ali M.Jasim Basil H.Jasim Soheil Mohseni Alan C.Brent Electrical Engineering Department University of BasrahBasrah61001Iraq Department of Communications Engineering Iraq University CollegeBasrahIraq Sustainable Energy Systems Wellington Faculty of EngineeringVictoria University of WellingtonWellington6140New Zealand Department of Industrial Engineering and the Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch7600South Africa

The uncertainty inherent in power load forecasts represents a major factor in the mismatches between supply and demand in renewables-rich electricity networks, which consequently increases the energy bills and curtailed generation. As the transition to a power grid founded on the so-called grid-of-grids becomes more evident, the need for distributed control algorithms capable of handling computationally challenging problems in the energy sector does so as well. In this light, the consensus-based distributed algorithm has recently been shown to provide an effective platform for solving the complex energy management problem in microgrids. More specifically, in a microgrid context, the consensus-based distributed algorithm requires reliable information exchange with customers to achieve convergence. However, packet losses remain an important issue, which can potentially result in the failure of the overall system. In this setting, this paper introduces a novel method to effectively characterize such packet losses during information exchange between the customers and the microgrid operator, whilst solving the microgrid scheduling optimization problem for a multi-agent-based microgrid. More specifically, the proposed framework leverages the virulence optimization algorithm and the earth-worm optimization algorithm to optimally shift the energy consumption during peak periods to lower-priced off-peak hours. The effectiveness of the proposed method in minimizing the overall active power mismatches in the presence of packet losses has also been demonstrated based on benchmarking the results against the business-as-usual iterative scheduling algorithm. Also, the robustness of the overall meta-heuristic- and multi-agent-based method in producing optimal results is confirmed based on comparing the results obtained by several well-established meta-heuristic optimization algorithms, including the binary particle swarm optimization, the genetic algorithm, and the cuckoo search op

关键词： Demand-side management Optimal scheduling Microgrids Distribution generation Consensus algorithm Meta-heuristics

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Bilateral Coupled Epsilon Negative Metamaterial for Dual Band Wireless Communications

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1263-1281页

作者： Md Mhedi Hasan Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md Moniruzzaman Mohd Hafiz Uddin Norsuzlin Binti Mohd Sahar Md Samsuzzaman Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor43600Malaysia Space Science Centre Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor43600Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringPatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhali8602Bangladesh

This work presents a dual band epsilon negative(ENG)metamaterial with a bilateral coupled split ring resonator(SRR)for use in C and X band wireless communication *** traditional split-ring resonator(SRR)has been amended with this engineered *** proposed metamaterial unit cell is realized on the 1.6 mm thick FR-4 printed media with a dimension of 10×10 *** resonating patch built with a square split outer *** interlinked inner rings are coupled vertically to the outer ring to extend its electrical length as well as to tune the resonance *** simulation is performed using CST studio suite 2019 to design and performance *** transmission coefficient(S21)of the proposed unit cell and array configuration exhibits two resonances at 6.7 and 10.5 GHz with wide bandwidth extended from 4.86 to 8.06 GHz and 10.1 to 11.2 GHz,*** permittivity is noted at frequencies between 6.76–9.5 GHz and 10.5–12 GHz,consecutively,with near-zero refractive index and *** optimal EMR value depicts the compactness of the proposed *** 1×2,2×2 and 4×4 arrays are analyzed that shows similar response compared to the unit *** results of the 2×2 array shows the close similarity of S21 response as compared to *** observed properties of the proposed unit cell ascertain its suitability for wireless communications by enhancing the gain and directivity of the antenna system.

关键词： Metamaterial epsilon negative near-zero index split ring resonator wireless communications

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CPS-TR: An Online Training Platform to Address Fourth industrial Revolution Workforce Needs 13

CPS-TR: An Online Training Platform to Address Fourth Indust...

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13th IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference, ISEC 2023

作者： Satam, Pratik Philipp, Carter Shao, Sicong Salehi, Soheil University of Arizona Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering TucsonAZ85721 United States University of Arizona Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TucsonAZ85721 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300017

The widespread deployment of 'Smart' Infrastructure, which uses networked computing systems to manage physical processes, has brought the onset of the fourth industrial Revolution (4IR). The 4IR relies on network interconnectivity, sensing, automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence to improve the productivity of modern manufacturing environments while reducing their workforce needs. Although beneficial, this growing adoption of 4IR has increased the complexity of industrial Control systems (ICS), creating a huge workforce skills gap and causing 2.1 million manufacturing jobs to go unfulfilled by 2030. In the context of these challenges, this paper presents Cyber-Physical systems Training Range (CPS-TR), a cloud-based scalable student training platform to address 4IR needs, especially cybersecurity. The CPS-TR, built on Amazon Web Services (AWS), allows instructors to create experimental scenarios using virtual machines in AWS' Elastic Cloud (EC2), connected via AWS Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) based subnet providing an isolated communication environment. The CPSTR front-end provides a web application-based interface for students and instructors to design new material and perform experiments. This paper evaluates the performance and efficiency of the CPS-TR environment while showcasing an experiment teaching trainees about the safe use of the MQTT protocol from 4IR infrastructure software updates. The experimental evaluation shows that a trainee's network traffic volume while using the CPS-TR peaks at 2000 packets in a second;the network bandwidth requirements of a basic network connection suited for usage with mobile and tablet devices. The experimental evaluation also shows the VPC subnet communication peaks at eight packets in a second, with a cumulative packet count of fewer than 70 packets. This low VPC subnet utilization is in combination with EC2 *** VMs allows the CPS-TR operation costs to stay low. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber Physical System

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ChatGPT: Applications, Opportunities, and Threats

ChatGPT: Applications, Opportunities, and Threats

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2023 systems and Information engineering Design Symposium, SIEDS 2023

作者： Bahrini, Aram Khamoshifar, Mohammadsadra Abbasimehr, Hossein Riggs, Robert J. Esmaeili, Maryam Majdabadkohne, Rastin Mastali Pasehvar, Morteza University of Virginia Department of Systems and Information Engineering CharlottesvilleVA United States Iran University of Science and Technology School of Computer Engineering Tehran Iran Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Engineering Tabriz Iran Alzahra University Faculty of Engineering Department of Industrial Engineering Tehran Iran The American University Faculty of Medical Sciences Department of Medicine Managua Nicaragua Islamic Azad University Faculty of Engineering Department of Industrial Engineering Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300642

Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT (Conditional Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is an artificial intelligence technology that is fine-tuned using supervised machine learning and reinforcement learning techniques, allowing a computer to generate natural language conversation fully autonomously. ChatGPT is built on the transformer architecture and trained on millions of conversations from various sources. The system combines the power of pre-trained deep learning models with a programmability layer to provide a strong base for generating natural language conversations. In this study, after reviewing the existing literature, we examine the applications, opportunities, and threats of ChatGPT in 10 main domains, providing detailed examples for the business and industry as well as education. We also conducted an experimental study, checking the effectiveness and comparing the performances of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, and found that the latter performs significantly better. Despite its exceptional ability to generate natural-sounding responses, the authors believe that ChatGPT does not possess the same level of understanding, empathy, and creativity as a human and cannot fully replace them in most situations. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Photoacoustic Sensing for Differentiating Breast Cancer Sizes - A Numerical Simulation Study 3

Photoacoustic Sensing for Differentiating Breast Cancer Size...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Electronic engineering, ICEEM 2023

作者： GadAllah, Mohammed Tarek Mohamed, Abd El-Naser A. Hefnawy, Alaa A. Zidan, Hassan E. El-Banby, Ghada M. Mohamed Badawy, Samir Computers and Systems Department El Nozha Cairo Egypt Menoufia University Faculty of Electronic Engineering Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Menoufia Egypt Menoufia University Faculty of Electronic Engineering Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Department Menoufia Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323511

Photoacoustic (PA) sensing is a crossbred technique relied on light-produced ultrasonic signals due to a phenomenon called the PA effect. PA imaging (PAI), which is based originally on PA sensing, has been utilized efficiently in breast cancer identification and characterization over the last few years. In this paper, a numerical simulation study in silico has been applied, utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics platform basing on the Finite Element Method (FEM), for breast cancer sizes' differentiating by PA sensing. A time-dependent study has been applied on COMSOL resulting in different measured PA signals from different tumor sizes measured at a constant measuring point on the surface of the simulated breast, showing the different shape for each PA signal and its frequency spectrum for the different tumor sizes. Statistical analysis for some resulting simulated PA signals has been performed by MATLAB software, deducing that the produced standard deviation values may be considered as a quantitative indication mark of the breast cancer's size and hence its dangerous degree. The study's results help in numerical modeling for more PA sensing and imaging applications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Multiphysics

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