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Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUA L.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies Laboratory(EETL) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of the interaction between solar radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formalized by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resolution calls for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the development of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of Legendre polynomials. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, allows in the conditions of a plane parallel atmosphere a new mathematical formulation of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Delta Function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work also determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental definition of two-stream approximation(F-TSA) developed in a previous work. Notably,New Method has generally better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angle μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angle, especially for high values of optical thickness. In spite of this divergence in reflectance for high values of optical thickness, very strong correlation with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical thickness in this study. An analysis of the Legendre polynomial series for simple functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions ameliorate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, although it has been proven that there is a limit order depending on the function from which the precision is lost. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method Legendre polynomial optical thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance reflectance

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TransConvNet: Enhancing Kidney Abnormality Detection in CT Imaging through Hybrid Transformer-CNN Model with Integrated Explainability 12

TransConvNet: Enhancing Kidney Abnormality Detection in CT I...

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12th International Scientific Conference on Computer Science, COMSCI 2024

作者： Saeed, Mohamedalfateh T. M. Yousif, Mosab A. A. Hakim, Ahmed A. M. Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Istanbul Turkey University of Gezira Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics Engineering Sudan Hacettepe University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798350392166

This study introduces TransConvNet, a hybrid model combining Transformer and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for detecting kidney abnormalities in CT images. The model leverages CNNs for local feature extraction and Transformers for capturing global context. By integrating explainable AI (XAI) through Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM), the model enhances transparency and interpretability in clinical settings. The proposed model achieves an overall accuracy of 99.90%, with precision, recall, and F1 scores nearing 1.00 across multiple classes, highlighting its potential as a reliable diagnostic tool. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Computerized tomography

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Wavelength-interval switchable Brillouin–Raman random fiber laser through Brillouin pump manipulation

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 374-379页

作者：李阳徐恩明陈睿佳 Yu-Gang Shee 张祖兴 Advanced Photonic Technology Laboratory College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of MicroelectronicsNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering&Science(LKC FES)Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(UTAR)Sungai Long CampusMalaysia

A wavelength-interval switchable Brillouin–Raman random fiber laser(BRRFL) based on Brillouin pump(BP) manipulation is proposed in this paper. The proposed wavelength-interval switchable BRRFL has a full-open cavity configuration, featuring multiwavelength output with wavelength interval of double Brillouin frequency shifts. Through simultaneously injecting the BP light and its first-order stimulated Brillouin-scattered light into the cavity, the laser output exhibits a wavelength interval of single Brillouin frequency shift. The wavelength-interval switching effect can be manipulated by controlling the power of the first-order stimulated Brillouin scattering light. The experimental results show the multiwavelength output can be switched between double Brillouin frequency shift multiwavelength emission with a broad bandwidth of approximately 60 nm and single Brillouin frequency shift multiwavelength emission of 44 nm. The flexible optically controlled random fiber laser with switchable wavelength interval makes it useful for a wide range of applications and holds significant potential in the field of wavelength-division multiplexing optical communication.

关键词： wavelength-interval switchable fiber laser Brillouin fiber laser stimulated Brillouin-scattered random fiber laser

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Investigation of the Performance Impact of Active Layer Parameter Variations on Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Using GPVDM 14

Investigation of the Performance Impact of Active Layer Para...

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14th IEEE Regional Symposium on Micro and Nanoelectronics, RSM 2023

作者： Aziz, A.M.A. Muniandy, S. Idris, M.I. Napiah, Z.A.F.M. Zamani, Z.B. Norddin, N.B. Rashid, M. Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Malaysia Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Malaysia Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology Malaysia School of Physics Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323689

This research explores the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSC) using the General-purpose Photovoltaic Device Model (GPVDM) software. Alternatively, inorganic p-Type semiconductors, especially NiOx which is the most widely used HTL, can provide intrinsically higher stability and exhibit lower cost than organic polymer-based HTL. The device structure in the simulation comprises ITO/NiOx/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag. Various factors, including layer thickness, electrical parameters, absorption coefficient and refractive index of each layer, can influence the simulated IPSC's performance. GPVDM provides a comprehensive simulation platform to investigate the impact of these factors on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of IPSCs. The simulation results from GPVDM exhibit a remarkable match and good agreement with achieving efficiencies of 17.35% and 17.57%. To optimize the results, two cases are analyzed and compared. Notably in Case 2, which employs experimental data for α and n from earlier research, outperforms the preceding journal with an efficiency of 18.23% compared to 17.57%. These simulation findings serve as a valuable guide for the fabrication of IPSCs utilizing NiOx, BCP, and C60 as active layers, offering insights into enhancing their performance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

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Induction of Apoptosis of Melanoma Skin Cancer Cells by Atmospheric Plasma Jet

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Plasma Medicine 2023年第4期13卷 55-69页

作者： Abdullah, Zulaika Zaaba, S.K. Mustaffa, M.T. Saidin, N.A. Mohtar, J.A. Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Malaysia Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Malaysia

The apoptotic effect is an important issue in cancer treatment. To achieve this goal, an atmospheric plasma jet (APJ) was set up for use on cultured cells in a temperature-controlled environment. Melanoma skin cancer and normal skin cells were targeted with this device. Following a 5 s plasma exposure, there was a 67% cell death in melanoma skin cancer cells compared with 5% in normal skin cells as measured after 24 h. When the treatment time was increased to 15, a 98% cell death was reported for melanoma skin cancer cells, which was 80% greater than the cell death in normal skin cells. Our observations further indicate that this preferential cell death is largely due to apoptosis. It shows that an APJ is a selective device in the induction of apoptosis in cancer and normal cells. APJ was shown to affect cells directly and indirectly through a plasma-activated medium (PAM). In direct treatment, cells were exposed to plasma while suspended in a culture medium, and in indirect treatment, cells were added to a culture medium previously acti-vated by plasma treatment. PAM was able to induce cell death 29% higher than direct treatment as measured after 48 h. The depth of the growth medium is also one of the factors in the induction of apoptosis of cancer cells. The growth medium protected the cells from plasma exposure. The result shows that the low level (0 mm) of growth medium will cause more cell death as compared with the high level (2 mm) of growth medium. Apoptotic behavior of skin cancer cells was de-duced from the fact that treated cells initially grew and died 12 h following the treatment, while untreated cells continued to grow and proliferate. © 2023 by Begell House, Inc.

关键词： Cell death

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Breaking demodulation limitations:AWG and Deep Learning in Dynamic Spectral Reconstruction for Differential FBG Accelerometers

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第11期25卷 19210-19222页

作者： Yang, Qian Liu, Lei Niu, Ning Quan, ChenYi Ren, SuFen Chen, ShengChao Zhang, JiaLin Yan, YuMeng Xiang, LongTeng Wang, YiPing Liao, ChangRui He, Jun Wang, GuanJun School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan University College of Electronic Science and Technology China Henan Mechanical and Electrical Vocational College School of Electrical Engineering Henan451100 China Hainan University College of Electronic Science and Technology School of Information and Communication Engineering Haikou570228 China University of Technology Sydney School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology SydneyNSW Australia Hainan University College of Electronic Science and Technology Haikou570228 China Shenzhen University School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen518060 China

Conventional fiber Bragg grating (FBG) accelerometer demodulation often suffers from high environmental sensitivity, complexity, and cost. To address these issues, this paper presents two arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)-based dynamic spectral reconstruction models. First, a novel differential FBG accelerometer with an equal-intensity triangular cantilever beam and a symmetric string-like design enhances sensitivity and mitigates temperature interference. A power ratio-nonlinear logarithmic regression (PR-NLR) model derived from static calibration then enables spectral reconstruction and wavelength demodulation across varying accelerations, achieving 4-82pm accuracy, slightly below that of high-speed demodulators (HSD). Next, by integrating convolutional neural networks (CNN), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), attention mechanisms, and a generative adversarial network (GAN) for data augmentation, prediction errors drop to 1-26pm at 20Hz and 0.2-21pm at 40Hz-a reduction of at least 60% over PR-NLR. This outcome underscores the advantages of deep learning (DL) in managing complex spectral shifts. By overcoming frequency-only demodulation limits, the proposed AWG approach achieves precise wavelength demodulation through dynamic spectral reconstruction. Its compact design, low manufacturing cost, and robust performance facilitate scalable deployment in structural health monitoring, particularly for bridge vibration analysis and industrial machinery diagnostics. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Arrayed waveguide gratings

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Road Hazard Detection for the Motorcycle based on EfficientNet-Lite0 13

Road Hazard Detection for the Motorcycle based on EfficientN...

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13th IEEE Symposium on Computer Applications and Industrial electronics, ISCAIE 2023

作者： Najib, S.M. Mirin, S.N.S. Harman, Ahmad Irfan Bin Rahimi, Muhammad Qarl Farisz Bin Mohd Rahim, Muhammad Daniel Bin Azhari, Nurnajihah Hazirah Binti Khang, Awy Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology Melaka Malaysia Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology Melaka Malaysia Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology Melaka Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347319

With the limitation of shorter stopping distance, the motorcycle needs more space to break. The existence of static road hazards has a higher potential for road crashes which leads to a higher risk of serious injury to motorcyclists. Road hazards can be identified and located using the Motorcycle Object Detection system or simply known as MOD. The MOD system has the ability to detect and classify multiple objects in real-time. It employs the TensorFlow Lite framework on edge devices i.e., Raspberry Pi 4. TensorFlow Lite is the best preference for the Raspberry Pi 4 for deploying a pre-trained neural network;EfficientNet-Lite0 model. The MOD system utilizes an 8MP camera to capture the presence of the trained objects such as potholes, cones, barriers, and branches from the opposite direction which enter the motorcyclist's Region of Interest (RoI). RoI is designed based on the motorcyclist's point of view (30 meters ahead) which can reduce false object detection. Likewise, RoI can prevent excessive alert noise to the motorcyclist. MOD system serves to alert the motorcyclist to the presence of the trained objects and activates the audible and visual warning system through the built-in speaker in the helmet and the warning light installed on the handlebar of the motorcycle. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Accurate design of a novel high-performance 11-pole triple-mode dielectric resonator BPF with fully controllable multiple transmission zeros for mobile communication base stations

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 387-388页

作者： Fan LIU Zhewang MA Masataka OHIRA Dongchun QIAO Guosheng PU Masaru ICHIKAWA Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials Genome Engineering School of Physics and Electronic SciencesChangsha University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Electronics Doshisha University Huawei Technologies Japan K.K.

High performance dielectric resonator(DR) bandpass filters(BPFs) are critical components in modern RF/microwave front-end systems due to their many distinctive advantages like low loss, small size, light weight, and temperature-stable properties. In recent years, the rapid development of various wireless communication techniques is demanding much more critical specifications for microwave BPFs with better performance but further reduced loss, size, and *** a prospective approach to meet these stringent requirements, BPFs using triple-mode DRs are attracting much attention from both academia and industry [1–5].

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Evolutionary recurrent neural network based on equilibrium optimization method for cloud-edge resource management in internet of things

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4957-4969页

作者： Ebrahimi Mood, Sepehr Rouhbakhsh, Adel Souri, Alireza Department of Computer Science Yazd University Yazd Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Haliç University Istanbul34060 Turkey School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo255000 China

Cloud computing is an emerging field in information technology, enabling users to access a shared pool of computing resources. Despite its potential, cloud technology presents various challenges, with one of the most significant being resource management within the cloud environment. Specifically, the allocation of physical machines (PMs) to virtual machines (VMs) in the Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) layer aims to achieve optimal efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose an evolutionary recurrent neural network (RNN) for resource allocation, enhanced by the equilibrium optimization (EO) algorithm. This method improves the generalization performance and reduces the architecture complexity of RNNs, while ensuring better adaptability to various demand patterns in cloud environments. Additionally, the effectiveness of RNNs heavily relies on the quality of training data;hence, we generate appropriate training data to facilitate the development of an efficient resource management model. Through extensive simulations, our method demonstrates superior performance compared to traditional algorithms. However, it is worth noting that this study is primarily based on simulation results, highlighting the need for real-world validation to confirm its practical applicability. The proposed method's applicability to different cloud computing environments and scenarios, including various service models (IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS) and deployment models (public, private, and hybrid), is also briefly discussed. Future studies should explore the computational efficiency and potential optimization techniques of the EO-RNN approach and consider real-world implementations to validate its effectiveness and uncover practical challenges. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Cloud platforms

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Hybrid robust fault detection and isolation of satellite reaction wheel actuators

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Journal of Control and Decision 2024年第1期11卷 117-131页

作者： H.Abbasi Nozari S.J.Sadati Rostami Paolo Castaldi Silvio Simani Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyBabolIran Department of Electrical Electronic and Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaCesenaItaly Department of Engineering University of FerraraFerraraItaly

In this paper,a combined robust fault detection and isolation scheme is studied for satellite system subject to actuator faults,external disturbances,and parametric *** proposed methodology incorporates a residual generation module,including a bank of filters,into an intelligent residual evaluation ***,residual filters are designed based on an improved nonlinear differential algebraic approach so that they are not affected by external *** residual evaluation module is developed based on the suggested series and parallel ***,a new ensemble classification scheme defined as blended learning integrates heterogeneous classifiers to enhance the performance.A wide range of simulations is carried out in a high-fidelity satellite simulator subject to the constant and time-varying actuator faults in the presence of disturbances,manoeuvres,uncertainties,and *** obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust fault detection and isolation method compared to the traditional nonlinear differential algebraic approach.

关键词： Robust fault detection and isolation reaction wheels blended learning series and parallel fault detection and isolation forms satellite attitude control system

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