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Optical Components and Materials XXII 2025

作者： Meng, Zhang Wang, Peng Zhao, Hua Li, Hongpu Graduate School of Science and Technology Shizuoka University Johoku 3-5-1 Chuo-Ku Hamamatsu432-8561 Japan School of the Electronic Engineering Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing211171 China School of the Computer and Electronic Information Nanjing Normal University Nanjing210023 China Faculty of the Engineering Shizuoka University Johoku 3-5-1 Chuo-Ku Hamamatsu432-8561 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684720

Azimuthally polarized (AP) and radially polarized (RP) beams are the two common types of cylindrical vector beam that has a spatially varying polarization distribution. In this study, an efficient method allowing the flexible generation of the azimuthally and radially polarized beams has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which is realized by using a helical fiber grating with an intermediate-period (HFG). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such two kinds of cylindrical vector beams can be flexibly generated by using only one fiber component, i.e., the HFG. The proposed method provides the potential application of the HFG to not only the laser processing but also the optical tweezer, and the optical manipulator as well. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Laser materials processing

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Photonics Applications and Web engineering - WILGA 2022

Photonics Applications and Web Engineering - WILGA 2022

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Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High Energy Physics Experiments 2022

作者： Romaniuk, Ryszard S. Smolarz, Andrzej Wójcik, Waldemar Warsaw University of Technology Institute of Electronic Systems Poland Lublin University of Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781510660595

Wilga 2022 Summer Symposium on Photonics Applications and Web engineering was the 50th edition of the research and technical meetings series. Traditionally, the whole week lasting annual series of technical conferences and topical sessions was split to one winter meeting in January and two summer events in May/June, and in September 2022. The hybrid meetings were held in Wilga resort near Warsaw, owned by the Warsaw University of Technology and in Lublin. Nearly 100 participants took part in all of the Wilga 2022 events, most of them being young researchers active in all aspects of photonics, electronics and ICT science and technology. Wilga Symposium embraces hardware and software technologies associated with photonics like optics, optical engineering, optoelectronics, electronics and electrical engineering, mechatronics, chemical and material engineering, applied physics, industrial solutions and applications. Around 100 papers were presented during Wilga 2022, oral and poster. Out of this number, some papers chosen by authors are published in this volume of Proc. SPIE mostly related to photonics. The major change was that during Wilga 2020, 2021 and 2022 Symposia, during summer editions, no traditional large young researcher sessions at large were possible to be organized. © 2022 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photonics

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Robust Active and Reactive Power Control by using Single-Phase Grid connected H-Bridge Inverter

Robust Active and Reactive Power Control by using Single-Pha...

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International Smart Grid Workshop and Certificate Program (ISGWCP)

作者： Resul Coteli Korhan Kayisli Ruhi Zafer Caglayan Dept. of Energy Systems Engineering Technology Faculty Firat University Elazig Turkiye Dept. of Electrical- Electronic Engineering Engineering Faculty Gazi University Ankara Turkiye Dept. of Computer Engineering Engineering Faculty TED University Ankara Turkiye

ISBN: (数字)9798350361612

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361629

In a single-phase power network, inverters can be used to control the active and reactive power between sources. This task can be achieved by proper control of the current of the single-phase inverter. The current controllers using dq-frame components have a wide application area because of their superior features such as zero steady-state error and using the DC quantities. In this study, the active and reactive power between sources in a single-phase power system consisting of an AC voltage source and a DC voltage source are controlled via dq-frame based super twisting sliding mode (ST-SMC) current controller. For this aim, a Matlab/Simulink model is constructed. The model includes single phase H-bridge inverter, DC voltage source, AC voltage source, AC load, LCL filter and control unit. Two super twisting sliding mode controllers are used to control d and q-axis currents. Decoupling terms are added to output of each controller for independent control of active and reactive power. The simulation studies are performed to demonstrate the controller's ability to provide/absorb active and reactive power. To demonstrate the ability to provide/absorb active power, the d-axis current command is set to 10 A up to 2 s from the start of the simulation, and then, it is set to – 10 A between 2 s to 4 s. To demonstrate the ability to provide/absorb reactive power, the q-axis current command is set to 10 A up to 2 s from the start of the simulation, and then, it is set to – 10 A between 2 s to 4 s. The simulation results show that the controller provides/absorbs the desired active and reactive power quickly and without steady-state error.

关键词： Reactive power Reactive power control Simulation Inverters Mathematical models Steady-state Smart grids

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Dielectric Material Characterization for Reflectarray Antennas Designed at Sub-6GHz and Millimeter Wave Bands of 5G

Dielectric Material Characterization for Reflectarray Antenn...

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IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Malaysia Communications (ICT-MICC)

作者： Sher Dali Khan Muhammad Inam Abbasi Imran Mohd Ibrahim Izhar Ahmed Sohu Sanaullah Khan Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM)

The future compliance of reflectarray antenna necessitates a methodical examination of its primary traditional configurations to anticipate improvements. The current design, which utilizes microwave and millimeter wave frequencies, serves as a fundamental foundation for further investigation. This study offers a comparison and characterization of various dielectric substrates employed in Sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave reflectarray antenna, based on unit cells designed at 3.5 GHz and 28 GHz. The analysis utilizes a range of commercially accessible dielectric materials characterized by dielectric permittivity $({{\varepsilon _r}})$ values spanning 2 to 3.6 and loss tangent (tan) values ranging from 0.0009 to 0.001. The performance of different dielectric materials in the design of infinite reflectarray is assessed in terms of bandwidth and reflection loss, providing a comprehensive comparison. It is observed that the bandwidth of patch element unit cells at different levels exhibits significant variations depending on the material properties, with a 10% bandwidth range. Furthermore, it is illustrated that the reflectarray antenna's reflection loss can be deconstructed into dielectric and conductor losses, both contingent upon the material properties utilized in the design. This article presents a comparison of eleven distinct substrate materials that have the potential to result in disruptive designs for both the architecture and components, thereby impacting the performance of the reflectarray antenna.

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Deep CNN Model for Multimodal Medical Image Denoising

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3795-3814页

作者： Walid El-Shafai Amira A.Mahmoud Anas M.Ali El-Sayed M.El-Rabaie Taha E.Taha Osama F.Zahran Adel S.El-Fishawy Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Alexandria Higher Institute of Engineering&Technology(AIET) AlexandriaEgypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

In the literature,numerous techniques have been employed to decrease noise in medical image modalities,including X-Ray(XR),Ultrasonic(Us),Computed Tomography(CT),Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI),and Positron Emission Tomography(PET).These techniques are organized into two main classes:the Multiple Image(MI)and the Single Image(SI)*** the MI techniques,images usually obtained for the same area scanned from different points of view are used.A single image is used in the entire procedure in the SI *** denoising techniques can be carried out both in a transform or spatial *** paper is concerned with single-image noise reduction techniques because we deal with single medical *** most well-known spatial domain noise reduction techniques,including Gaussian filter,Kuan filter,Frost filter,Lee filter,Gabor filter,Median filter,Homomorphic filter,Speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion(SRAD),Nonlocal-Means(NL-Means),and Total Variation(TV),are ***,the transform domain noise reduction techniques,including wavelet-based and Curvelet-based techniques,and some hybridization techniques are ***,a deep(Convolutional Neural Network)CNN-based denoising model is proposed to eliminate Gaussian and Speckle noises in different medical image *** model utilizes the Batch Normalization(BN)and the ReLU as a basic *** a result,it attained a considerable improvement over the traditional *** previously mentioned techniques are evaluated and compared by calculating qualitative visual inspection and quantitative parameters like Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),Correlation Coefficient(Cr),and system complexity to determine the optimum denoising algorithm to be applied *** on the quality metrics,it is demonstrated that the proposed deep CNN-based denoising model is efficient and has superior denoising performance over the traditionaldenoising techniques.

关键词： Image enhancement medical imaging speckle noise Gaussian noise denoising filters CNN denoising

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Visual Motion Segmentation in Crowd Videos Based on Spatial-Angular Stacked Sparse Autoencoders

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computer Systems Science & engineering 2023年第10期47卷 593-611页

作者： Adel Hafeezallah Ahlam Al-Dhamari Syed Abd Rahman Abu-Bakar Department of Electrical Engineering Taibah UniversityMadinahSaudi Arabia Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia Department of Computer Engineering Hodeidah UniversityHodeidahYemen

Visual motion segmentation(VMS)is an important and key part of many intelligent crowd *** can be used to figure out the flow behavior through a crowd and to spot unusual life-threatening incidents like crowd stampedes and crashes,which pose a serious risk to public safety and have resulted in numerous fatalities over the past few *** clustering has become one of the most popular methods in ***,complex data,such as a large number of samples and parameters,makes it difficult for trajectory clustering to work well with accurate motion segmentation *** study introduces a spatial-angular stacked sparse autoencoder model(SA-SSAE)with l2-regularization and softmax,a powerful deep learning method for visual motion segmentation to cluster similar motion patterns that belong to the same *** proposed model can extract meaningful high-level features using only spatial-angular features obtained from refined tracklets(a.k.a‘trajectories’).We adopt l2-regularization and sparsity regularization,which can learn sparse representations of features,to guarantee the sparsity of the *** employ the softmax layer to map the data points into accurate cluster *** of the best advantages of the SA-SSAE framework is it can manage VMS even when individuals move around *** framework helps cluster the motion patterns effectively with higher *** put forward a new dataset with itsmanual ground truth,including 21 crowd *** conducted on two crowd benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed model can more accurately group trajectories than the traditional clustering approaches used in previous *** proposed SA-SSAE framework achieved a 0.11 improvement in accuracy and a 0.13 improvement in the F-measure compared with the best current method using the CUHK dataset.

关键词： Visual motion segmentation crowd behavior analysis trajectory analysis crowd dynamics autoencoders motion patterns

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Aerial ISAC: A HAPS-Assisted Integrated Sensing, Communications and Computing Framework for Enhanced Coverage and Security

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

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IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 2025年

作者： Benaya, Ahmed M. Hassan, Mohamed S. Ismail, Mahmoud H. American University of Sharjah Department of Electrical Engineering Sharjah United Arab Emirates Menoufia University Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Egypt Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Giza12613 Egypt American University of Sharjah Department of Computer Science and Engineering United Arab Emirates

In this paper, we propose a framework for a non-terrestrial ISAC system, where a high-altitude platform station (HAPS)-mounted full duplex (FD) ISAC base station (BS) is deployed to deliver communication services to multiple user equipment (UEs) and, at the same time, sense multiple targets. Moreover, the ISAC-BS offloads part of the sensed data to a dedicated edge server for computation purposes. Additionally, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is deployed to transmit jamming signals aimed at degrading the reception quality of malicious targets or potential eavesdroppers identified through the sensing process. A multi-objective optimization problem is formulated to jointly optimize the transmit/receive beamforming and UAV trajectory to maximize the communication sum spectral efficiency under radar performance, security, offloading, and power constraints. Since the formulated problem is non-convex, we use alternating optimization (AO), semi-definite relaxation (SDR), and successive convex approximation (SCA) approaches to solve it. Simulation results show that the communication and radar achieved rates from the proposed algorithm outperforms the cases of using non-optimized UAV’s trajectory and using the Rayleigh-quotient method to design the receive beamforming vectors. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Fundamental Limits of Doppler Shift-Based, ToA-Based,and TDoA-Based Underwater Localization

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第7期10卷 1637-1639页

作者： Zijun Gong Cheng Li Ruoyu Su Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) IOT ThrustGuangzhou 511400 Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University of NewfoundlandNewfoundland A1B 3X5Canada School of Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China

Dear Editor,This paper is concerned with the underwater localization based on acoustic signals. Specifically, we will focus on the search of an underwater target that can constantly broadcast a beacon signal, such as a black box. Common measurements for localization are Doppler shift [1], time of arrival(ToA) [2]–[4], time difference of arrival(TDoA) [5], [6], angle of arrival(AoA) [7], etc.

关键词： TDoA ToA underwater

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Optimizing Monkeypox Lesions Detection with a Lightweight Hybrid Model

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 103709-103732页

作者： Al-Gaashani, Mehdhar S. A. M. Alkanhel, Reem Hassan, Dina S. M. Ba Mahel, Abduljabbar S. Aziz, Ahmed Khayyat, Mashael M. Muthanna, Ammar University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Resources and Environment 1st Ring Rd East 2 Section Sichuan Chengdu610056 China Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Life Science and Technology Chengdu610054 China Benha university Department of computer science Faculty of computer and Artificial intelligence Egypt Central Asian University Engineering school Tashkent Uzbekistan University of Jeddah Department of Information Systems and Technology Collage of Computer Science and Engineering Jeddah Saudi Arabia Peoples'Friendship University of Russia RUDN University Department of Applied Probability and Informatics 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St Moscow117198 Russia

The increasing global prevalence of monkeypox (mpox) has necessitated the development of accurate, efficient, and interpretable diagnostic models for timely disease identification. Although deep learning has advanced medical image analysis, diagnosing diseases with complex lesions, such as monkeypox, remains challenging in resource-limited settings. Existing methods often rely on large architectures that demand high computational resources and lack interpretability. To address these issues, we propose a lightweight, interpretable architecture that truncates MobileNetV2 for efficient feature extraction, incorporates Ghost Modules to reduce redundancy, and integrates a SA-MobileViT block to capture both local and global dependencies in lesion images. Grad-CAM visualizations enhance interpretability, and Optuna is used for hyperparameter optimization. Our model achieved an accuracy of 98.72%, precision of 98.76%, recall of 98.72%, and F1-score of 98.72%, outperforming existing approaches, especially in handling irregular lesion patterns. The model's design is ideal for deployment in resource-constrained settings, offering a robust solution for real-world healthcare applications. Grad-CAM, saliency maps, and other visualization techniques help improve clinical trust by highlighting relevant regions in input images, emphasizing key features of the lesions. The proposed model is lightweight with only 630,204 parameters, making it 92.3× smaller than ResNet152V2 (58,152,004 parameters) and 28.7× smaller than DenseNet201 (18,100,612 parameters). It requires 321.61M FLOPs, 35.8× fewer than ResNet152V2 (11.51G FLOPs) and 13.4× fewer than DenseNet201 (4.29G FLOPs). With a size of just 72.92 MB, it is 8.14× smaller than ResNet152V2 (594.08 MB) and 4.57× smaller than DenseNet201 (333.47 MB), making it an efficient solution for mobile and edge deployment in resource-constrained environments. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Hybrid IGBT/IGCT-Based DC-Hub for Interconnection of VSC/LCC Future DC Networks

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IET Power electronics 2025年第1期18卷

作者： Mansour, Mohamed Abdelaziz, Yousef N. Aboushady, Ahmed A. Alsokhiry, Fahad Ahmed, Khaled H. Abdel-khalik, Ayman S. Abdulwhab, Ahmed Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman

The interest in interconnecting multiple DC grids- medium-voltage direct current/high-voltage direct current (MVDC/HVDC)- across the globe has grown significantly in recent years. This interest is primarily driven by the benefits of increased reliability and cost efficiency in power transmission systems, particularly with the growing utilisation of renewable energy resources. However, some HVDC networks are based on line commutated converters (LCC), while other MVDC/HVDC rely on voltage source converters (VSC). In this context, this paper introduces a new DC-Hub that facilitates the interconnection between multiple VSC- and LCC-based DC networks using hybrid IGBT/IGCT device technology. The proposed converter enables power reversal without interruption, promotes multi-vendor interoperability, and provides galvanic isolation. An important aspect of the design is its modularity, allowing each port to have an independent design for interfacing with the HVDC/MVDC grid without affecting the other ports. This modularity enables further port extension or elimination without requiring modifications to the remaining ports. The paper also discusses AC filter design and power flow control techniques to achieve zero reactive power circulation at rated port power, thereby reducing power losses. Finally, to validate the theoretical claims of the proposed system, both a simulation model and an experimental hardware test rig have been established. © 2025 The Author(s). IET Power electronics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： HVDC power transmission

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