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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ni, Wanli Wang, Wen Zheng, Ailing Wang, Peng You, Changsheng Eldar, Yonina C. Niyato, Dusit Schober, Robert The Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The Pervasive Communications Center Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China The Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Weizmann Institute of Science Israel The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Erlangen91054 Germany

In this article, we propose new network architectures that integrate multi-functional reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (MF-RISs) into 6G networks to enhance both communication and sensing capabilities. Firstly, we elaborate how to leverage MF-RISs for improving communication performance in different communication modes including unicast, mulitcast, and broadcast and for different multi-access schemes. Next, we emphasize synergistic benefits of integrating MF-RISs with wireless sensing, enabling more accurate and efficient target detection in 6G networks. Furthermore, we present two schemes that utilize MF-RISs to enhance the performance of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). We also study multi-objective optimization to achieve the optimal trade-off between communication and sensing performance. Finally, we present numerical results to show the performance improvements offered by MF-RISs compared to conventional RISs in ISAC. We also outline key research directions for MF-RIS under the ambition of 6G. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reconfigurable architectures

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Research on Self-balancing Two Wheels Mobile Robot Control System Analysis

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Electrical Science & engineering 2022年第1期4卷 7-20页

作者： Hla Myo Tun Myat Su Nwe Zaw Min Naing Maung Maung Latt Devasis Pradhan Prasanna Kumar Sahu Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yangon Technological UniversityYangonMyanmar Department of Mechanical Engineering King Lauk Phya Institute of Technology MyaungmyaMyaungmyaMyanmar Department of Research and Innovation Ministry of Science and TechnologyYangonMyanmar Department of Electronic Engineering Yangon Technological UniversityYangonMyanmar Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Acharya Institute of TechnologyBengaluruIndia Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyRourkelaOdishaIndia

The paper presents the research on self-balancing two-wheels mobile robot control system analysis with experimental *** research problem in this work is to stabilize the mobile robot with self-control and to carry the sensitive things without failing in a long span *** main objective of this study is to focus on the mathematical modelling of mobile robot from laboratory scale to real world *** numerical expression with mathematical modelling is very important to control the mobile robot system with *** fundamental concepts of dynamic system stability were utilized for maintaining the stability of the constructed mobile robot *** controller design is also important for checking the stability and the appropriate controller design is proportional,integral,and derivative-PID controller and Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR).The steady state error could be reduced by using such kind of PID *** simulation of numerical expression on mathematical modeling was conducted in MATLAB *** confirmation results from the simulation techniques were applied to construct the hardware design of mobile robot system for practical *** results from simulation approaches and experimental approaches are matched in various kinds of *** constructed mobile robot system was designed and analyzed in the control system design laboratory of Yangon Technological University(YTU).

关键词： Mobile robot Self-balancing robot Control system design PID controller Dynamic control system analysis

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Spirometer and sEMG respiratory patterns for clinical decision support system

Spirometer and sEMG respiratory patterns for clinical decisi...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement technology Conference

作者： Amit Krishan Kumar Mansour H. Assaf Voicu Z. Groza Emil M. Petriu Faculty of Electrical-Electronic Engineering Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam Key Laboratory of Complex System Intelligent Control and Decision School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China School of Information Technology Engineering Mathematics and Physics The University of the South Pacific Suva Republic of Fiji School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

To improve support system for subjects with respiratory ailments, this work analyses the respiratory patterns from spirometer and surface electromyography (sEMG). The patterns are integrated with risk and biochemical systems model to optimise the clinical decision support system (CDSS). The work considers terminal events for the spirometer and sEMG. The events and their associated patterns are correlated and projected on a hyperspace prior implementing it in decision support system. The proposed method shows that the different characteristics of breathing indicate some essential hidden information which when used as 4D scattered projection, optimises the decision making in CDSS. The analysis shows the effectiveness of bimodal respiratory patterns for different breathing capacities, which is promising for the modelled conditions.

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A Near-Optimal Category Information Sampling in RFID Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Wang, Xiujun Liu, Zhi Zhou, Xiaokang Liao, Yong Hu, Han Zheng, Xiao Li, Jie Anhui University of Technology School of Computer Science Ma'anshan243032 China Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Applications and Security of Industrial Internet Ma'anshan243032 China University of Electro-Communications Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering Tokyo182- 8585 Japan Shiga University Faculty of Data Science Hikone522-8522 Japan RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project Tokyo103-0027 Japan University of Science and Technology of China School of Cyber Science and Technology Hefei China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Information and Electronics Beijing China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China

In many RFID-enabled applications, objects are classified into different categories, and the information associated with each object's category (called category information) is written into the attached tag, allowing the reader to access it later. The category information sampling in such RFID systems, which is to randomly choose (sample) a few tags from each category and collect their category information, is fundamental for providing real-time monitoring and analysis in RFID. However, to the best of our knowledge, two technical challenges, i.e., how to guarantee a minimized execution time and reduce collection failure caused by missing tags, remain unsolved for this problem. In this paper, we address these two limitations by considering how to use the shortest possible time to sample a different number of random tags from each category and collect their category information sequentially in small batches. In particular, we first obtain a lower bound on the execution time of any protocol that can solve this problem. Subsequently, we present a near-OPTimal Category information sampling protocol (OPT-C) that solves the problem with an execution time close to the lower bound. Finally, extensive simulation results demonstrate the superiority of OPT-C over existing protocols, while real-world experiments further validate its practicality. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： category information sampling execution time lower bound near-optimal protocol RFID systems

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Wire grounding electrode near vertical cylindrical non-homogeneity 21

Wire grounding electrode near vertical cylindrical non-homog...

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21st International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus and Technologies, SIELA 2020

作者： Jovanovic, Dragana B. Jovanovic, Dejan B. Zivaljevic, Dragana U. Cvetkovic, Nenad N. Hederic, Zeljko University of Nis Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis Serbia J.J. Strossmayer University Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728143460

Satisfactorily accurate approximation of soil inhomogeneity providing simple determination of the soil structure influence on grounding system characteristics is important part of the procedure for grounding system analysis. Very often, ground non-homogeneity can be approximated as vertical cylinder tube (wells, various tubes, pillar foundation etc.). The method based on using of Method on Moments and Green's function, applicable for analysis of grounding systems placed in the surrounding soil of this type non-homogeneity is presented in the paper. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Electric grounding

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Repairing with Zero Skip Cost

Repairing with Zero Skip Cost

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Yeow Meng Chee Son Hoang Dau Tuvi Etzion Han Mao Kiah Yuan Luo Wenqin Zhang Dept. of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore School of Computing Technologies RMIT University Melbourne VIC Australia Computer Science Faculty Technion Israel Institute of Technology School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

To measure repair latency at helper nodes, we introduce a new metric called skip cost that quantifies the number of contiguous sections accessed on a disk. We provide explicit constructions of zigzag codes and fractio... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350382846

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382853

关键词： Measurement Costs Codes Maintenance engineering

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AI-optimized electrochemical aptasensors for stable, reproducible detection of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and coronavirus

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Heliyon 2025年第1期11卷 e41338页

作者： Tayfour Ahmed, Amira Elsir Dhahi, Th.S. Attia, Tahani A. Elhassan Ali, Fawzia Awad Elobaid, Mohamed Elshaikh Adam, Tijjani Gopinath, Subash C.B. Department of Information System College of Science & Arts King Khalid University Asser Mohyel Saudi Arabia Health and Medical Technicals College Southern Technical University Basrah Iraq Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha'il Saudi Arabia DEEE Faculty of Engineering University of Khartoum Sudan Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Applied College Computer Department Saudi Arabia Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Arau 02600 Malaysia Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Kangar 01000 Malaysia Micro System Technology Centre of Excellence (CoE) Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Perlis Malaysia Center for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College & Hospital Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Thandalam Tamil Nadu Chennai 602 105 India Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Perlis Arau 02600 Malaysia

AI-optimized electrochemical aptasensors are transforming diagnostic testing by offering high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response times. Leveraging data-driven AI techniques, these sensors provide a non-invasive, cost-effective alternative to traditional methods, with applications in detecting molecular biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and coronavirus. The performance metrics outlined in the comparative table illustrate the significant advancements enabled by AI integration. Sensitivity increases from 60 to 75 % in ordinary aptasensors to 85–95 %, while specificity improves from 70-80 % to 90–98 %. This enhanced performance allows for ultra-low detection limits, such as 10 fM for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and 20 fM for mucin-1 (MUC1) using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and 1 pM for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). Similarly, Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) and potentiometric sensors have detected alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) at 5 fM and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) at 100 fM, respectively. AI integration also enhances reproducibility, reduces false positives and negatives (from 15-20 % to 5–10 %), and significantly decreases response times (from 10-15 s to 2–3 s). These advancements improve data processing speeds (from 10 to 20 min per sample to 2–5 min) and calibration accuracy (<2 % margin of error compared to 5–10 %), while expanding application scope to multi-target biomarker detection. This review highlights how these advancements position AI-optimized electrochemical aptasensors as powerful tools for personalized treatment, point-of-care testing, and continuous health monitoring. Despite a higher cost ($500-$1,500/unit), their enhanced portability and diagnostic performance promise to revolutionize healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety, ultimately improving public health outcomes. © 2024

关键词： AI Aptasensors Cancer Coronavirus Electrochemical Integrated biosensor Molecular cells Neurodegenerative

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Privacy Preserving Large Language Models: ChatGPT Case Study Based Vision and Framework

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ullah, Imdad Hassan, Najm Gill, Sukhpal Singh Suleiman, Basem Ahanger, Tariq Ahamed Shah, Zawar Qadir, Junaid Kanhere, Salil S. The School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering The University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia The Higher Colleges of Technology United Arab Emirates The School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom The Management Information Systems Department College of Business Administration Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj16278 Saudi Arabia The Department of Information Technology Sydney International School of Technology and Commerce SydneyNSW2000 Australia The Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Sydney Australia

The generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools based on Large Language Models (LLMs) use billions of parameters to extensively analyse large datasets and extract critical information such as, context, specific details, identifying information, use this information in the training process, and generate responses for the requested queries. The extracted data also contain sensitive information, which have raised serious threats to user privacy and reluctance to use such tools. This article proposes the conceptual model called PrivChatGPT, a privacy-preserving model for LLMs that consists of two main components i.e., preserving user privacy during the data curation/pre-processing together with preserving private context and the private training process for large-scale data. To demonstrate the applicability of PrivChatGPT, we show how a private mechanism could be integrated into the existing model for training LLMs to protect user privacy, specifically, we employed differential privacy and private training using Reinforcement Learning (RL). We measure the privacy loss and evaluate the measure of uncertainty or randomness once differential privacy is applied. It further recursively evaluate the level of privacy guarantees and the measure of uncertainty of public database and resources, during each update when new information is added for training purposes. To critically evaluate the use of differential privacy for private LLMs, we hypothetically compared other mechanisms such as Blockchain, private information retrieval, randomisation, obfuscation, anonymisation, and the use of ToR for various performance measures such as the model performance and accuracy, computational complexity, privacy vs. utility, training latency, vulnerability to attacks, and resource consumption. We conclude that the differential privacy, randomisation, and obfuscation can impact the utility and performance of the trained models, conversely, the use of ToR, Blockchain, and PIR may introduce ad

关键词： Large dataset

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Hybrid Moving Object Detection Algorithm with Controlled Temporal Scale Frame Difference 23

Hybrid Moving Object Detection Algorithm with Controlled Tem...

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23rd International Conference on computer Theory and Applications, ICCTA 2013

作者： Awney, Mohammed Sayed, Mohammed S. Abd El-Samie, Fathi E. Electrical and Computer Engineering Higher Technological Institute Ramadan Egypt Electronics and Communications Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology New Borg El Arab Egypt Electronics and Communications Engineering Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781479924158

Moving object detection is the first stage in any video surveillance system. It is followed by two other stages;tracking and classification. The accuracy of the later two stages strongly depends on the first one. This paper proposes a hybrid moving object detection algorithm, which combines controlled temporal scale frame difference and selective running average as a method of background subtraction. In order to overcome the main drawbacks of traditional temporal difference methods that depend strongly on the speed of the moving object, we propose a new algorithm that controls the temporal scale between successive frames to solve the problem of emptiness phenomenon, whenan object moves slowly. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms other commonly used object detection algorithms. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Trash to Treasure: Using text-to-image models to inform the design of physical artefacts

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Smith, Amy Schroeder, Hope Epstein, Ziv Cook, Michael Colton, Simon Lippman, Andrew School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University London United Kingdom MIT Media Lab United States Department of Informatics King's College London United Kingdom SensiLab Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Australia

Text-to-image generative models have recently exploded in popularity and accessibility. Yet so far, use of these models in creative tasks that bridge the 2D digital world and the creation of physical artefacts has been understudied. We conduct a pilot study to investigate if and how text-to-image models can be used to assist in upstream tasks within the creative process, such as ideation and visualization, prior to a sculpture-making activity. Thirty participants selected sculpture-making materials and generated three images using the Stable Diffusion text-to-image generator, each with text prompts of their choice, with the aim of informing and then creating a physical sculpture. The majority of participants (23/30) reported that the generated images informed their sculptures, and 28/30 reported interest in using text-to-image models to help them in a creative task in the future. We identify several prompt engineering strategies and find that a participant's prompting strategy relates to their stage in the creative process. We discuss how our findings can inform support for users at different stages of the design process and for using text-to-image models for physical artefact design. © 2023, CC BY.

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