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International Conference on Microelectronics, MIEL

作者： C. K. Wong V. Filip H. Wong S. Stefan M. Chan Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong China Faculty of Physics University of Bucharest Magurele Romania Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China

Silicon nanocrystallites embedded in silicon nitride were prepared by high-temperature annealing of silicon- rich silicon nitride (SRN) via the phase separation reaction. The silicon rich nitride films were deposited by low-pressure chemical-vapor deposition (LPCVD) and high temperature annealing. At sufficiently high temperatures, nanocrystallites are formed as a result of phase separation effect. The chemical composition and bonding structure of the silicon oxide and nitride based nanocrystals were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were also conducted to probe the luminescent properties of the SRN films.

关键词： Silicon Annealing Temperature Chemical analysis Semiconductor films Bonding Nanocrystals Spectroscopy Photoluminescence Probes

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Effect of Exposure Energy, Focus Range, and Surface Reflection on the Photolithography Process of Contact Hole Patterning

Effect of Exposure Energy, Focus Range, and Surface Reflecti...

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International Conference on Electrical engineering/electronics, computer, Telecommunications and Information technology, ECTI-CON

作者： R. Sonboonton E. Chaowicharat P. Meesapawong J. Ladthidej W. Titiroongruang C. Hruanun Electronic Research Center Department of Electronics Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut''s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Thai Microelectronics Center National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Amphur Muang Chachoengsao Thailand

The patterning the contact holes by photolithography process, in this case polysilicon contacts, is the process to produce electrical connection between metal layer and polysilicon gates or metal layer and source/drain. The photolithography process can control size and shape of the contact hole patterns on photoresist before permanently patterned by etching process and then metallization. The contact holes were specified to have the size of 0.8 micron after the photolithography process. In order to achieve this, the process parameters to be considered are exposure energy, focus length of the lens system, and the effect of light reflecting from the film topography underneath. Since in the previous processing step, the attempt to reduce the film topography was done by planarization using BPSG. By adjusting the exposure energy and focus, the optimal condition, to produce 0.8 micron contact holes, was found to be energy of 305 mJ/cm 2 and focus of -1.0 mum.

关键词： Lithography Resists Surface treatment Reflection Contacts Logic gates Planarization

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Uniformly Ultimate Boundedness Control for Switched Linear Systems with Parameter Uncertainties

Uniformly Ultimate Boundedness Control for Switched Linear S...

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2008 American Control Conference (ACC), vol.10

作者： Liguo Zhang Yangzhou Chen Zhanggu Sun Nikos E. Mastorakis A.Yu. Alexsandrov Faculty of Electronic and Control Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing China Department of Computer Science Hellenic Naval Academy Piraeus Greece Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg Russia

This paper presents uniformly ultimate bound-edness (UUB) control design for switched linear systems with parametric uncertainties. Only the possible bound of the uncertainty is needed. Under arbitrary switching laws, a continuous state feedback control scheme is proposed in order to guarantee uniformly ultimate boundedness of every system response within an arbitrary small neighborhood of the zero state. The design techniques are based on common Lyapunov functions and Lyapunov minimax approach.

关键词： Control systems Linear systems Uncertain systems Uncertainty Switched systems Lyapunov method Stability Communication switching Control design State feedback

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Pointwise Logic on Completely Distributive Lattices and Approximate Reasoning

Pointwise Logic on Completely Distributive Lattices and Appr...

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International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD)

作者： Yalin Zheng Guang Yang Jing Zheng Jinsheng Xing State Key Laboratory for Intelligent Technology and Systems Department of Automation Faculty of Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Research Center of Intelligent Information Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Faculty of Software Dongguan University of Science and Technology Dongguan China Research Center of Dongguan Economy Department of Economy and Commerce Dongguan University of Science and Technology Dongguan China Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen China Research Center of System Engineering Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

In this paper, we propose the basic framework of point- wise topological logic on completely distributive lattices and explore approximate reasoning in it. The logic of this paper is based on pointwise characterization, therefore the pointwise conception is pervasive. We explore approximate reasoning in abstract logical framework Fl on completely distributive lattice L. We propose the structure of point- wise topological logic F TL , the structure of matching function sigma. and the structure of matching neighborhood group. We investigate approximate reasoning in pointwise topological logic F TL with matching function sigma, develop pointwise topological algorithm of simple approximate reasoning, introduce the essential characteristics of this scheme.

关键词： Lattices Fuzzy logic computer science Knowledge engineering Fuzzy systems Information technology Laboratories Intelligent systems Automation Information science

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Steady state analysis of resin molded type voltage-current sensor for real-time observation of power factor in power distribution system

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IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 2008年第6期128卷 811-819页

作者： Furukawa, Tatsuya Ashikawa, Manabu Ohchi, Masashi Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo-machi Saga 840-8502 Japan Hitachi Software Engineering Co. Ltd. 4-12-7 Higashi-Shinagawa Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 140-0002 Japan Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiba Institute of Technology 2-17-1 Tsudanuma Narashino 275-0016 Japan

We have proposed the voltage-current sensor embedded in a ceramic insulator for the real-time observation of the power factor in three-phase power distribution systems and carried out the finite element analysis to investigate its characteristics and verify its feasibility. However, the ceramic sensor has problems in cost and a burning process in manufacturing to result in the deformation from the designed form. In the paper, we propose a resin molded type of voltage-current sensor with dual search coils for the current sensor part based on the finite element analysis and discuss its steady state electromagnetic behaviors theoretically and experimentally. © 2008 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Finite element method

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RC4A stream cipher for WLAN security: A hardware approach

RC4A stream cipher for WLAN security: A hardware approach

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International Conference on Electrical and computer engineering (ICECE)

作者： Abdullah Al Noman Roslina b. Mohd. Sidek Abdul Rahman b. Ramli Liakot Ali Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Quantum Information Department MIMOS Berhad Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication System Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Institute for Information and Communication Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

Wireless networks are on the cutting edge of modern technology and rapidly gaining popularity in todaypsilas world due to their excellent usability. For secure wireless data transmission, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), IEEE 802.11 standard defined security protocol, is employed. WEP has a potential limitation that stems from its adaptation of RC4 stream cipher algorithm. As a result, there is a pressing need for new WLAN security measure. Therefore, this paper presents hardware implementation of RC4A stream cipher and proposes to replace RC4 in WLAN security scheme, due to weakness of *** design of the cipher was implemented by Verilog HDL. For hardware implementation of the design, an Altera Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device, EP20K200EFC484-2X from APEX family, APEX 20KE, was used.

关键词： Wireless LAN Data security Hardware design languages Field programmable gate arrays Wireless networks Usability Communication system security Data communication Data privacy Wireless application protocol

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Parametric and nonparametric EEG analysis for the evaluation of EEG activity in young children with controlled epilepsy

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Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2008年第1期2008卷 462593页

作者： Sakkalis, Vangelis Cassar, Tracey Zervakis, Michalis Camilleri, Kenneth P. Fabri, Simon G. Bigan, Cristin Karakonstantaki, Eleni Micheloyannis, Sifis Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Technical University of Crete Chania 731 00 Greece Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Heraklion 71110 Greece Department of Systems and Control Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malta Msida MSD 2080 Malta Faculty of Engineering Ecological University of Bucharest 061341 Bucharest Romania Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine University of Crete Heraklion 71409 Greece

There is an important evidence of differences in the EEG frequency spectrum of control subjects as compared to epileptic subjects. In particular, the study of children presents difficulties due to the early stages of brain development and the various forms of epilepsy indications. In this study, we consider children that developed epileptic crises in the past but without any other clinical, psychological, or visible neurophysiological findings. The aim of the paper is to develop reliable techniques for testing if such controlled epilepsy induces related spectral differences in the EEG. Spectral features extracted by using nonparametric, signal representation techniques (Fourier and wavelet transform) and a parametric, signal modeling technique (ARMA) are compared and their effect on the classification of the two groups is analyzed. The subjects performed two different tasks: a control (rest) task and a relatively difficult math task. The results show that spectral features extracted by modeling the EEG signals recorded from individual channels by an ARMA model give a higher discrimination between the two subject groups for the control task, where classification scores of up to 100% were obtained with a linear discriminant classifier.

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Research on rough set theory and applications in China

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Lecture Notes in computer Science

作者： Wang, Guoyin Zhang, Qinghua Huang, Houkuan Ye, Dongyi Hu, Qinghua Hu, Xuegang Shi, Zhongzhi Li, Yongli Shang, Lin An, Liping Sai, Ying Chen, Shanben Liang, Jiye Qin, Keyun Zeng, Huanglin Xie, Keming Miao, Duoqian Min, Fan Wu, Zhaocong Wu, Weizhi Dai, Jianhua Institute of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China College of Math. and Computer Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China Harbin Institute of Technology PO Box 458 Harbin 150006 China School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Lanzhou University No.222 Tianshui South Rd. Lanzhou 730000 China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Management Science and Engineering Department Business School Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Shandong University of Finance No.40 Shun-geng Road Jinan 250014 China Welding Engineering Institute Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China Intelligent Control Development Center Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China Artificial Intelligence of Key Laboratory Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China Department of Automation College of Information Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China 4800 CaoAn Highway Shanghai 201804 China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China School of Remote Sensing Information Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China Institute for Information and System Sciences Faculty of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Information College Zhejiang Ocean University Zhejiang 316004 China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

ISBN: (纸本)3540850635

This article gives a capsule view of research on rough set theory and applications ongoing at universities and laboratories in China. Included in this capsule view of rough set research is a brief description of the following things: Chinese research groups on rough set with their URLs for web pages, names of principal researchers (supervisors), numbers of graduate students, and topics being investigated. Statistical summaries showing the growth in the research on rough set theory and application in China are included. In addition, an introduction summarizing the research interests of Chinese researchers is included in this article. The contribution of this article is a complete overview of the principal research directions in rough set theory and its applications in China. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Rough set theory

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ABSs系统模糊控制器优化设计

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传动技术 2008年第2期22卷 23-28页

作者： Ahmad Mirzaei Mehdi Moallem Behzad Mirzaeian Dehkordi B. Fahimi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering lsfahan University of TechnologyIran Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonUSAon leave from the Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringIsfahan University of TechnologyIran Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIsfahan UniversityIran Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas at Arlington

已经开发了的ABSs系统改善了突然制动和特别是滑动路面状况时车辆控制。这样的控制目标是在保持车辆合适稳定性及可操纵性和缩短车辆刹车距离情况下在要求的方向增大车轮的牵引力。本文提出了ABSs系统优化的模糊控制器。从保持其车轮滑... 详细信息

已经开发了的ABSs系统改善了突然制动和特别是滑动路面状况时车辆控制。这样的控制目标是在保持车辆合适稳定性及可操纵性和缩短车辆刹车距离情况下在要求的方向增大车轮的牵引力。本文提出了ABSs系统优化的模糊控制器。从保持其车轮滑动值为目标函数获得车轮最大的牵引力和车轮最大的减速度。采用遗传算法优化模糊系统的全部组件。采用误差数整体优化方法收敛接近最优点。仿真结果表明快速收敛和对不同路况的控制器的最好性能。

关键词：抗制动侧滑系统(ABS) 误差数优化遗传模糊控制器混合控制器

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A prototype PC-based system of giving color estimation ability to monochrome security cameras

A prototype PC-based system of giving color estimation abili...

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ICIIS 2007 - 2nd International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems 2007

作者： Sugita, Yoichi Fujii, Yusaku Ohta, Naoya Ueda, Hiroshi Yokota, Masayuki Sakurai, Ryosuke Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gunma University Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Gunma University Library and Information Technology Center Gunma University

ISBN: (纸本)1424411521

A prototype PC-based system of giving color estimation ability to monochrome security cameras has been developed based on the novel concept. The novel concept can be divided into 3 stages. First, space-variant color filter is put onto the lens of the monochrome security camera. Secondly, when a crime takes place, the camera records suspected person. Finally, just after the crime, characteristics of the space-variant color filter are measured by the police, and the color of the clothes of the suspected person is estimated. As the core of the system, Windows-based software with Graphical User Interface (GUI) has been developed in Microsoft Visual C++. This software allows user to estimate color easily, rapidly and precisely. In order to verify the performance of the developed system, color estimation experiment was conducted and colors of three color plates were estimated. If this study will be put to practical use, it will give much benefit to criminal investigation and social security. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Color

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