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Efficient Saliency Map Detection for Low-Light Images Based on Image Gradient

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2024年第2期34卷 852-865页

作者： Lin, Chun-Yi Haq, Muhamad Amirul Chen, Jiun-Han Ruan, Shanq-Jang Naroska, Edwin National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Taipei10607 Taiwan Hochschule Niederrhein University of Applied Science Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Krefeld47805 Germany

Recently, deep learning has been widely employed across various domains. The Convolution Neural Network (CNN), a popular deep learning algorithm, has been successfully utilized in object recognition tasks, such as face recognition, vehicle recognition, and license plate recognition. However, conventional methods for object recognition may not be appropriate for low-light image recognition due to information loss in the dark regions and unexpected noise that can impair object quality. Therefore, the development of specialized techniques for low-light image enhancement has become a major research focus for object detection. This paper proposed a gradient-based saliency map detection method with an improved ResNet architecture that outperforms previous works in detecting multiple or large objects. Additionally, the proposed method enhances images with the object as the center and emphasizes foreground-background differences. Compared with previous works, this paper achieves1.28× improvements in the parameters and 1.32× faster inference speed than the original ResNet architecture. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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ECG Signal Classification of Cardiovascular Disorder using CWT and DCNN

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Journal of Biomedical Physics and engineering 2025年第1期15卷 77-92页

作者： Rahman, Tawfikur Ahommed, Rasel Deb, Nibedita Das, Utpal Kanti Moniruzzaman, Md. Bhuiyan, Md. Alamgir Sultana, Farzana Kausar, Md. Kamruzzaman Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Uttara Dhaka 1230 Bangladesh Department of Agriculture International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Uttara Dhaka 1230 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Uttara Dhaka 1230 Bangladesh

Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) requires precise and efficient diagnostic tools. The manual analysis of Electrocardiograms (ECGs) is labor-intensive, necessitating the development of automated methods to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Objective: This research aimed to develop an automated ECG classification using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN), and transform 1D ECG signals into 2D spectrograms using CWT and train a DCNN to accurately detect abnormalities associated with CVD. The DCNN is trained on datasets from PhysioNet and the MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset. The integrated CWT and DCNN enable simultaneous classification of multiple ECG abnormalities along-side normal signals. Material and Methods: This analytical observational research employed CWT to generate spectrograms from 1D ECG signals, as input to a DCNN trained on di-verse datasets. The model is evaluated using performance metrics, such as precision, specificity, recall, overall accuracy, and F1-score. Results: The proposed algorithm demonstrates remarkable performance metrics with a precision of 100% for normal signals, an average specificity of 100%, an average recall of 97.65%, an average overall accuracy of 98.67%, and an average F1-score of 98.81%. This model achieves an approximate average overall accuracy of 98.67%, highlighting its effectiveness in detecting ***: The integration of CWT and DCNN in ECG classification improves accuracy and classification capabilities, addressing the challenges with manual analy-sis. This algorithm can reduce misdiagnoses in primary care and enhance efficiency in larger medical institutions. By contributing to automated diagnostic tools for cardiovascular disorders, it can significantly improve healthcare practices in the field of CVD detection. © Journal of Biomedical Physics and engineering.

关键词： Wavelet transforms

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Reset-Free Reinforcement Learning via Multi-State Recovery and Failure Prevention for Autonomous Robots

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Tsinghua Science and technology 2024年第5期29卷 1481-1494页

作者： Xu Zhou Benlian Xu Zhengqiang Jiang Jun Li Brett Nener School of Mechanical Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia

Reinforcement learning holds promise in enabling robotic tasks as it can learn optimal policies via trial and ***,the practical deployment of reinforcement learning usually requires human intervention to provide episodic resets when a failure *** manual resets are generally unavailable in autonomous robots,we propose a reset-free reinforcement learning algorithm based on multi-state recovery and failure prevention to avoid failure-induced *** multi-state recovery provides robots with the capability of recovering from failures by self-correcting its behavior in the problematic state and,more importantly,deciding which previous state is the best to return to for efficient *** failure prevention reduces potential failures by predicting and excluding possible unsafe actions in specific *** simulations and real-world experiments are used to validate our algorithm with the results showing a significant reduction in the number of resets and failures during the learning.

关键词： reinforcement learning manual reset multi-state recovery failure prediction

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Hybrid robust fault detection and isolation of satellite reaction wheel actuators

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Journal of Control and Decision 2024年第1期11卷 117-131页

作者： H.Abbasi Nozari S.J.Sadati Rostami Paolo Castaldi Silvio Simani Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyBabolIran Department of Electrical Electronic and Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaCesenaItaly Department of Engineering University of FerraraFerraraItaly

In this paper,a combined robust fault detection and isolation scheme is studied for satellite system subject to actuator faults,external disturbances,and parametric *** proposed methodology incorporates a residual generation module,including a bank of filters,into an intelligent residual evaluation ***,residual filters are designed based on an improved nonlinear differential algebraic approach so that they are not affected by external *** residual evaluation module is developed based on the suggested series and parallel ***,a new ensemble classification scheme defined as blended learning integrates heterogeneous classifiers to enhance the performance.A wide range of simulations is carried out in a high-fidelity satellite simulator subject to the constant and time-varying actuator faults in the presence of disturbances,manoeuvres,uncertainties,and *** obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust fault detection and isolation method compared to the traditional nonlinear differential algebraic approach.

关键词： Robust fault detection and isolation reaction wheels blended learning series and parallel fault detection and isolation forms satellite attitude control system

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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning-Based Resource Sharing in Multi-UAV Wireless Networks

IEEE Journal on Miniaturization for Air and Space Systems

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IEEE Journal on Miniaturization for Air and Space Systems 2024年第2期6卷 103-112页

作者： Zhang, Yaxiu Luan, Mingan Chang, Zheng Hamalainen, Timo University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu611731 China University of Jyväskylä Faculty of Information Technology JyväskyläFIN-40014 Finland

This paper investigates the resource sharing problem in a multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) wireless network by utilizing the multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) method. Specifically, the considered multi-UAV system involves two transmission modes, i.e., UAV-to-Device (U2D) mode and UAV-to-Network (U2N) mode, in which the U2D mode is allowed to reuse the spectrum of U2N mode to improve the spectrum efficiency. Then, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the throughput of U2D links by jointly optimizing the channel allocation, power level selection, and UAV trajectory, while ensuring the communication quality of U2N links. Due to the highly complex and dynamic nature, as well as the challenging non-convex objective function and constraints, the resulting problem is hard to address. Accordingly, we propose a novel Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (MADDPG)-based resource allocation and multi-UAV trajectory optimization policy. Simulation results illustrate the efficacy of our method in improving the system transmission rate. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Design and Analysis of a UWB Slotted Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Imaging Applications

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2023年第4期12卷 350-357页

作者： Paul, Liton Chandra Majumder, Akash Rani, Tithi Hossain, Md. Najmul Rahim, Md. Abdur Shin, Jungpil Yun, Keun Soo Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna6600 Bangladesh Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Rajshahi6204 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna6600 Bangladesh School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu / Fukushima Aizuwakamatsu965-8580 Japan School of Computer and Information Technology Ulsan College / Dong-gu Ulsan44610 Korea Republic of

An ultra-wideband (UWB) slotted compact Vivaldi antenna with a microstrip line feed was evaluated for microwave imaging (MI) applications. The recommended FR4 substrate-based Vivaldi antenna is 50×50×1.5 mm3 in size. The proposed compact Vivaldi antenna showed good radiation characteristics and spanned an ultra-wide bandwidth of 10 GHz, ranging from 3.6 to 13.6 GHz, using a microstrip line feed with a radial stub, tapered slots, and resonant cavities. After analyzing the simulation findings, the proposed compact slotted UWB Vivaldi antenna was compared with the basic Vivaldi antenna. The maximum gain and efficiency were 7.35 dB and 82%, respectively. The antenna was simulated in the time domain using the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio. The frequency domain solver was also used for cross-validation, and the results were equally good. In conclusion, the proposed compact Vivaldi antenna is a good option for microwave imaging applications. © 2023 The Institute of electronics and Information Engineers.

关键词： Cavity resonators

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Braintransformer: Subject-Wise Patch Embed Transformer for Cross-Subject Brain Visual Information Decoding 21

Braintransformer: Subject-Wise Patch Embed Transformer for C...

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21st International computer Conference on Wavelet Active Media technology and Information Processing, ICCWAMTIP 2024

作者： Zongxin, Du Lin, Li University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu610000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519254

Visual information decoding aims to infer the visual content perceived by a subject based on their brain responses, representing a cutting-edge area of neuroscience research. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides millimeter-level spatial resolution and a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio, making it an ideal tool for neural information decoding. However, practical applications remain limited, primarily due to the reliance on subject-specific models. In this work, we propose BrainTransformer, a novel framework for cross-subject visual information decoding. To overcome the limitations, we develop a self-supervised patch embedding transformer trained using a masked signal modeling approach on large-scale fMRI data, enabling the learning of robust and generalizable neural representations across subjects. By aligning these learned fMRI representations with CLIP's image and text embeddings, BrainTransformer leverages rich semantic information from both visual and textual modalities. This alignment allows us to employ a multimodal latent diffusion model guided by CLIP's embeddings to generate images consistent with brain activity. Experimental results demonstrate BrainTransformer's effectiveness in decoding visual information across subjects, marking a significant step toward scalable and generalizable brain decoding. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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A novel deep learning approach (Bi-xBcNet-96) considering green AI to discover breast cancer using mammography images

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第21期36卷 12701-12723页

作者： El-Mawla, Nesma Abd Berbar, Mohamed A. El-Fishawy, Nawal A. El-Rashidy, Mohamed A. Communication and Electronics Engineering Department Nile Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura Egypt Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Shebeen El-Kom Egypt Department of Computer Arab East Colleges Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can effectively detect illnesses such as breast cancer (BC) using a variety of medical imaging techniques. BC is a key factor contributing to the rise in the death rate among women worldwide. Early detection will lessen its impact, which may motivate patients to have quick surgical therapy. computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems are designed to provide radiologists recommendations to assist them in diagnosing BC. However, it is still restricted and limited, the interpretability cost, time consumption, and complexity of architecture are not considered. These limitations limit their use in healthcare devices. Therefore, we thought of presenting a revolutionary deep learning (DL) architecture based on recurrent and convolutional neural networks called Bi-xBcNet-96. In order to decrease carbon emissions while developing the DL model for medical image analysis and meet the objectives of sustainable artificial intelligence, this study seeks to attain high accuracy at the lowest computing cost. It takes into consideration the various characteristics of the pathological variation of BC disease in mammography images to obtain high detection accuracy. It consists of six stages: identifying the region of interest, detecting spatial features, discovering the effective features of the BC pathological types that have infected nearby cells in a concentrated area, identifying the relationships between distantly infected cells in some BC pathological types, weighing the extracted features, and classifying the mammography image. According to experimental findings, Bi-xBcNet-96 beat other comparable works on the benchmark datasets, attaining a classification accuracy of 98.88% in DDSM dataset, 100% in INbreast dataset with 5.08% and 0.3% improvements over the state-of-the-art methods, respectively. Furthermore, a 95.79% reduction in computing complexity was achieved. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis

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Hybrid lightweight encryption for IoT: integrating chaotic key generators with Feistel and substitution-permutation networks for secure 3DV transmission

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-47页

作者： El-Shafai, Walid Mesrega, Ahmed K. Ahmed, Hossam Eldin H. Elbahnasawy, Nirmeen A. El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Deptartment of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

The Internet of Things (IoT) stands as a revolutionary leap in digital connectivity, envisioning a future network connecting billions of devices, seamlessly. Amidst the myriad benefits, there arises an intricate web of challenges, prominently centered around potential threats and data security implications. Recent cryptography techniques, such as DNA-based cryptography, 3D chaos-based cryptography, and optical cryptography, face challenges including large encryption times, high energy consumption, and suboptimal rather than optimal performance. Particularly, the burden of long encryption cycles strains the energy resources of typical low-power and compact IoT devices. These challenges render the devices vulnerable to unauthorized breaches, despite large storage capacities. The hallmark of the IoT ecosystem, characterized by its low-power compact devices, is the burgeoning volume of data they generate. This escalating data influx, while necessitating expansive storage, remains vulnerable to unauthorized access and breaches. Historically, encryption algorithms, with their multifaceted architectures, have been the bulwark against such intrusions. However, their inherently-complex nature, entailing multiple encryption cycles, strains the limited energy reserves of typical IoT devices. In response to this intricate dilemma, we present a hybrid lightweight encryption strategy. Our algorithm innovatively leverages both one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) chaotic key generators. Furthermore, it amalgamates a classical encryption philosophy, harmonizing the strengths of Feistel and substitution-permutation networks. The centerpiece of our strategy is achieving effective encryption in merely three rounds, tailored expressly for compressed Three-Dimensional Video (3DV) frames, ensuring their unwavering integrity. Our workflow commences with the H.264/MVC compression algorithm, setting the stage for the subsequent encryption phase. Through rigorous MATLAB simulations,

关键词： Image coding

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Imbalanced Data Classification Using SVM Based on Improved Simulated Annealing Featuring Synthetic Data Generation and Reduction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 547-564页

作者： Hussein Ibrahim Hussein Said Amirul Anwar Muhammad Imran Ahmad Department of Computer Techniques Engineering AlSafwa University CollegeKarbala56001Iraq Faculty of Electronic Engineering&Technology Universiti Malaysia PerlisArau02600PerlisMalaysia

Imbalanced data classification is one of the major problems in machine *** imbalanced dataset typically has significant differences in the number of data samples between its *** most cases,the performance of the machine learning algorithm such as Support Vector Machine(SVM)is affected when dealing with an imbalanced *** classification accuracy is mostly skewed toward the majority class and poor results are exhibited in the prediction of minority-class *** this paper,a hybrid approach combining data pre-processing technique andSVMalgorithm based on improved Simulated Annealing(SA)was ***,the data preprocessing technique which primarily aims at solving the resampling strategy of handling imbalanced datasets was *** this technique,the data were first synthetically generated to equalize the number of samples between classes and followed by a reduction step to remove redundancy and duplicated *** is the training of a balanced dataset using *** this algorithm requires an iterative process to search for the best penalty parameter during training,an improved SA algorithm was proposed for this *** this proposed improvement,a new acceptance criterion for the solution to be accepted in the SA algorithm was introduced to enhance the accuracy of the optimization *** works based on ten publicly available imbalanced datasets have demonstrated higher accuracy in the classification tasks using the proposed approach in comparison with the conventional implementation of *** at an average of 89.65%of accuracy for the binary class classification has demonstrated the good performance of the proposed works.

关键词： Imbalanced data resampling technique data reduction support vector machine simulated annealing

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