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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： D. Enright R.J. Mack R.E. Massara S. Papadopoulos P.B. Wu R.J. Binns P. Hallam Department of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Essex UK Division of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Northumbria UK Faculty of Engineering and Computer Technology University of Central England UK

This paper describes a methodology for designing analog systems starting from a top-level, behavioral model. The methodology has been incorporated within an analog synthesis system (ADSA), which is based upon the use of optimization at both behavioral and circuit levels. Initial design uses ideal models without interaction. Model refinement takes place to accommodate, first, signal offsets and levels, and then, the source and load impedances of the circuit blocks. An example is given of the methodology applied to the design of a Downconverter.

关键词： Circuit synthesis Design methodology Process design Design optimization Design engineering Systems engineering and theory Impedance Analog computers Signal synthesis Optimization methods

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An efficient switching technique for high speed DWDM networks

An efficient switching technique for high speed DWDM network...

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IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： S. Tariq M.K. Dhodhi K.A. Saleh A.E. Kamal Department of Computer Eng. Kuwait University Kuwait Faculty of Electronic Engineering GIK Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Topi Pakistan

Tremendous increase in the Internet traffic has resulted in electronic processing bottleneck for communication networks. We propose a technique to alleviate this bottleneck in ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexed networks. This involves transmission of control information on a separate and dedicated channel, called the control channel. The packets on the control channel contain information about the routing of data packets on various channels. Thus, only control channel packets need processing at higher layer(s), while packets on the data channels can stay in the optical domain from source to destination.

关键词： Wavelength division multiplexing Optical fibers Bandwidth Communication system control Optical packet switching Fiber nonlinear optics High speed optical techniques electronic mail Nonlinear optics IP networks

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Relationship among speaking style, inter-phoneme's distance and speech recognition performance 6

Relationship among speaking style, inter-phoneme's distance ...

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6th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP 2000

作者： Yamamoto, Kazumasa Nakagawa, Seiichi Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng. Faculty of Engineering Shinshu University 4-17-1 Wakasato Nagano380-8553 Japan Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tenpaku-cho Toyohashi441-8580 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)7801501144

There is a limit of recognition performance for dialogue speech using acoustic models built only with read speech, because various acoustic and linguistic phenomena, which reect the characteristics of spontaneous speech, are observed in the dialogue speech. In this paper, we investigated the differences of acoustic properties which cause the limit among isolated words, read speech and spontaneous speech. Firstly, the dialogue speech was compared with the read speech through acoustic analyses. Next, the acoustic models were separately built with each of the speech databases. The recognition performance was experimentally evaluated using the acoustic models and the relations of the differences of the performance to those of the acoustic features observed in the analyses were investigated quantitatively. The effectiveness of speaker adaptation was also investigated in the same manner.

关键词： Acoustic properties

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Distributed sensory intelligence architecture for human centered ITS

Distributed sensory intelligence architecture for human cent...

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作者： Yamaguchi, T. Nitta, H. Miyamichi, J. Takagi, T. Department of Electronic Systems Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology 6-6 Asahigaoka HinoTokyo191-0065 Japan Department of Information Science Faculty of Engineering Utsunomiya University 7-1-2 Yoto Utsunomiya-shiTochigi321-8585 Japan Department of Computer Science Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashi-mita Tama-ku Kawasaki214-8571 Japan

In ITS (intelligent transport systems), driving support systems for a driver is very important. The paper aims at providing the driver with blind spot information, in advance, taking his intention into consideration in a commuter system considered as one realization form of ITS. For such a system. we propose a "distributed sensory-intelligence architecture," which is an architecture that interconnects multiple sensory-intelligence agents. These sensory-intelligence agents are arranged in an "intelligent space" and interact to provide support for drivers. Through experiments we showed that the proposed "distributed sensory-intelligence architecture" enables valuable driving-support information to be provided to the driver by combining re-composition of environmental information with recognition of the driver's intention. © 2000 IEEE.

关键词： Architecture

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Proposal for a convergence criterion to the active net in two steps

Proposal for a convergence criterion to the active net in tw...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Y. Matsuda Y. Sumi D. Kataoka M. Ota N. Yabuki Y. Fukui S. Miki Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tottori University Tottori Japan Tottori SANYO Electric Company Limited Japan Department of Electronics and Computer Eng Tsuyama National College of Technology Japan

In this paper, we propose a method for detecting a road sign from a scene image in the daytime. This method uses an active net in two steps. The active net is a deformable lattice network model which minimizes an energy function to detect the region of a target. In the proposed method, the first active net roughly estimates a position of a target. For the better target detection, we put the second active net around the estimated position. Its experimental results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. However, the active net can not occasionally detect the target region. This case shows that the progress of energy cannot converge smoothly. So we have developed the convergence criterion whether a good detection or an unsuccessful detection. That is, by evaluating features of the progress of the energy, the computation of the active net is automatically and fast stopped.

关键词： Proposals Convergence Roads Layout Lattices Deformable models Object detection Image edge detection Educational institutions Gas detectors

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Test Generation and Design-for-Testability Based on Acyclic Structure with Hold Registers

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湖南大学学报（自然科学版） 2000年第S2期27卷 1-10页

作者： Tomoo Inoue Debesh Kumar Das Chiiho Sano Takahiro Mihara Hideo Fujiwara Faculty of Information Sciences Hiroshima City University Hiroshima 731-3194 Japan Computer Science and Engineering Department Jadavpur niversity Calcutta-700 032 India Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara 630-0101 Japan Mitsubishi Electronic Control Software Corporation Kobe 652-0871Japan 不详

We present a method of test generation for acyclic sequential circuits with hold registers. A complete (100% fault efficiency) test sequence for an acyclic sequential circuit can be obtained by applying a combinational test generator to all the maximal time-expansion models (TEMs) of the circuit. We propose a class of acyclic sequential circuits for which the number of maximal TEMs is one, i.e, the maximum TEM exists. For a circuit in the class, test generation can be performed by using only the maximum TEM. The proposed class of sequential circuits with the maximum TEM properly includes several known classes of acyclic sequential circuits such as balanced structures and acyclic sequential circuits without hold registers for which test generation can be also performed by using a combinational test generator. Therefore, in general, the hardware overhead for partial scan based on the proposed structure is smaller than that based on balanced or acyclic sequential structure without hold registers.

关键词： acyclic sequential circuits combinational test generation hold registers maximum time-expansion model partial scan

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1 cm/spl times/1 cm GaAs/AlGaAs MQW solar cells under one sun and concentrated sunlight

1 cm/spl times/1 cm GaAs/AlGaAs MQW solar cells under one su...

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Conference Record of the Twenty-Eighth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 2000 (Cat. No.00CH37036)

作者： E. Aperathitis Z. Hatzopoulos M. Kayambaki V. Foukaraki M. Ruzinsky V. Saly P. Sirotny A.C. Varonides P. Panayotatos Microelectronics Research Group Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas Crete Greece Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of New Jersey Rutgers Piscataway NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780357728

GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well (MQW) solar cells, with different ratios of well to barrier number and thickness, have been examined with temperature, between -10 and 100/spl deg/C, and under AM1.5 illumination and 5/spl times/ concentration conditions. The ideality factor of the diodes in the dark improved with temperature. Depending on the thickness of the wells and the barriers, the tunneling component of photocurrent dominated at low temperatures whereas thermionic currents were the dominant components at elevated temperatures or high illumination conditions. The fabrication of 1 cm/spl times/1 cm MQW solar cell, with the optimum QW geometry (number of wells and barriers thickness) exhibited J/sub sc/=56.8 mA/cm/sup 2/ and V/sub oc/=1.041 V at 5/spl times/ concentration when compared to J/sub sc/=10.2 mA/cm/sup 2/ and V/sub oc/=1.009 V at AM1.5 illumination conditions.

关键词： Gallium arsenide Quantum well devices Photovoltaic cells Sun Lighting Temperature dependence Diodes Tunneling Photoconductivity Fabrication

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Distributed sensory intelligence architecture for human centered ITS

Distributed sensory intelligence architecture for human cent...

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Annual Conference of Industrial electronics Society

作者： T. Yamaguchi H. Nitta J. Miyamichi T. Takagi Department of Electronic Systems engineering Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology Hino Tokyo Japan Department of Information Science Faculty of Engineering Utsunomiya University Utsunomiya Tochigi Japan Department of Computer Science Meiji UNiversity Kawasaki Japan

关键词： Intelligent sensors Humans Intelligent agent Intelligent systems Safety Societies Senior citizens Charge coupled devices Smart cameras Charge-coupled image sensors

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Electromagnetic field characteristics of radial line slot antennas for surface wave coupled plasma production

Electromagnetic field characteristics of radial line slot an...

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Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium

作者： T. Yamamoto M. Ono M. Ando N. Goto N. Ishii Y. Yasaka Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sci. Faculty of Eng Yamagata University Yonezawa Yamagata Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Eng Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo Japan Department of Electronics and System Faculty of Engineering Takushoku University Hachioji Tokyo Japan Corporate R&D Central Research Laboratory Tokyo Electron Limited Nirasaki Yamanashi Japan

In plasma processing systems for large sized wafer, quick evacuation of reaction gas by making the process space gap narrow is required to realize higher productivity and better quality of microelectronic devices. The wafer must be placed closely to the antenna aperture in this case. A radial line slot antenna (RLSA) for surface wave coupled plasma (SWP) is a promising candidate to this end. A novel slot arrangement in the aperture, which consists of densely arrayed transverse slots, was fabricated and tested. A uniform, high electron density of 3/spl times/10/sup 11/ cm/sup -3/ and large-area plasma under the condition of low electron temperature has already been realized by experiments. It dispenses with DC magnetic fields required in ECR systems. For further development of slot design as well as the mechanism extraction of plasma generation, this paper evaluates the electromagnetic near fields of SWP RLSAs. As the first step, antennas in free space without the plasma as well as the glass vacuum window, is analyzed using the periodic array model. The predicted near field distribution is compared with the experiments and reasonable agreement is reported.

关键词： Electromagnetic fields Slot antennas Plasma temperature Plasma devices Apertures Plasma density Plasma waves Electrons Plasma properties Plasma materials processing

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Test generation for acyclic sequential circuits with hold registers

Test generation for acyclic sequential circuits with hold re...

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IEEE International Conference on computer-Aided Design

作者： T. Inoue D. Kumar Das C. Sano T. Mihara H. Fujiwara Faculty of Information Sciences Hiroshima City University Hiroshima Japan Computer Science and Engineering Department Jadavpur University Calcutta India Nara Institute of Science and Technology Graduate School of Information Science Nara Japan Mitsubishi Electronic Control Software Corporation Kobe Japan

We present a method of test generation for acyclic sequential circuits with hold registers. A complete (100% fault efficiency) test sequence for an acyclic sequential circuit can be obtained by applying a combinational test generator to all the maximal time-expansion models (TEMs) of the circuit. We propose a class of acyclic sequential circuits for which the number of maximal TEMs is one, i.e., the maximum TEM exists. For a circuit in the class, test generation can be performed by using only the maximum TEM. The proposed class of sequential circuits with the maximum TEM properly includes several known classes of acyclic sequential circuits such as balanced structures and acyclic sequential circuits without hold registers for which test generation can also be performed by using a combinational test generator. Therefore, in general, the hardware overhead for partial scan based on the proposed structure is smaller than that based on balanced or acyclic sequential structure without hold registers.

关键词： Circuit testing Sequential analysis Sequential circuits Registers Performance evaluation Circuit faults Hardware Design for testability Kernel computer science

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