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New Antenna Array Beamforming Techniques Based on Hybrid Convolution/Genetic Algorithm for 5G and Beyond Communications

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2749-2767页

作者： Shimaa M.Amer Ashraf A.M.Khalaf Amr H.Hussein Salman A.Alqahtani Mostafa H.Dahshan Hossam M.Kassem Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyKafr ElsheikhEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHorus University EgyptNew DamiettaEgypt Department of Computer Engineering College of computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia School of Computing Mathematics and EngineeringCharles Sturt UniversityBathurstNSW2795Australia

Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to ***,it improves the array gain and directivity,increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar *** study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction *** techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm(GA)to develop the Conv/GA andDConv/GA,*** convolution process determines the element’s excitations while the GA optimizes the element *** M elements linear antenna array(LAA),the convolution of the excitation coefficients vector by itself provides a new vector of excitations of length N=(2M−1).This new vector is divided into three different sets of excitations including the odd excitations,even excitations,and middle excitations of lengths M,M−1,andM,*** the same element spacing as the original LAA is used,it is noticed that the odd and even excitations provide a much lower SLL than that of the LAA but with amuch wider half-power beamwidth(HPBW).While the middle excitations give the same HPBWas the original LAA with a relatively higher *** the increased HPBWof the odd and even excitations,the element spacing is optimized using the ***,the synthesized arrays have the same HPBW as the original LAA with a two-fold reduction in the ***,for extreme SLL reduction,the DConv/GA is *** this technique,the same procedure of the aforementioned Conv/GA technique is performed on the resultant even and odd excitation *** provides a relatively wider HPBWthan the original LAA with about quad-fold reduction in the SLL.

关键词： Array synthesis convolution process genetic algorithm(GA) half power beamwidth(HPBW) linear antenna array(LAA) side lobe level(SLL) quality of service(QOS)

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Multispectral point cloud superpoint segmentation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1270-1281页

作者： WANG QingWang WANG MingYe ZHANG ZiFeng SONG Jian ZENG Kai SHEN Tao GU YanFeng Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technologies Application Kunming 650500China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The multitude of airborne point clouds limits the point cloud processing *** are grouped based on similar points,which can effectively alleviate the demand for computing resources and improve processing ***,existing superpoint segmentation methods focus only on local geometric structures,resulting in inconsistent spectral features of points within a *** feature inconsistencies degrade the performance of subsequent ***,this study proposes a novel Superpoint Segmentation method that jointly utilizes spatial Geometric and Spectral Information for multispectral point cloud superpoint segmentation(GSI-SS).Specifically,a similarity metric that combines spatial geometry and spectral information is proposed to facilitate the consistency of geometric structures and object attributes within segmented *** the formation of the primary superpoints,an intersuperpoint pointexchange mechanism that maximizes feature consistency within the final superpoints is *** are conducted on two real multispectral point cloud datasets,and the proposed method achieved higher recall,precision,F score,and lower global consistency and feature classification *** experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed GSI-SS over several state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： multispectral point cloud superpoint segmentation over-segmentation spatial-spectral joint metric

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Impact of Different Integration Times on Distributions of Rain Rates for Predictions of Rain Attenuation

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 154卷 229-238页

作者： Hassan, Mohammad Rofiqul Rafiqul, Islam Md. Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi Suriza, Ahmad Zabidi Badron, Khairayu Budalal, Asma Ali Mahfuz, Md. Mahmudul Hasan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak Kuala Lumpur53100 Malaysia College of Electrical and Electronics Technology Benghazi Libya Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Canada

All wireless communication systems are moving towards higher and higher frequencies day by day which are severely attenuated by rains in outdoor environment. To design a reliable RF system, an accurate prediction method of rain attenuation is established and used globally based on local rain intensity measurement. Required rain intensity used for attenuation prediction is generally measured at a point with 1-min integration time or converted from higher integration time to 1-min. Recent measurements of rain intensity with a 10-second integration time indicate that intensity is not uniform over a 1-minute duration. Consequently, the statistics of rain intensity distribution and attenuation predictions are influenced by measurements with integration times shorter than 1 minute. It has been established that an integration time of 0.01% provides the optimal fit for actual rain rate data. This paper presents the rain intensity distributions from data measured with 2-min, 1-min, 30-sec, 20-sec, and 10-sec integration times, and it has impact on rain rate distributions as well as rain attenuation predictions. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

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A Comparative Study of Pure and Silver-Enhanced Graphene Antennas for Fat-Intrabody Communication 10

A Comparative Study of Pure and Silver-Enhanced Graphene Ant...

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10th IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics, APACE 2024

作者： Subramaniam, Sree Aran Asan, Noor Badariah Aziz, Mohamad Zoinol Abidin Abd. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Electronics and Computer Technology & Engineering Engineering Department Durian Tunggal Melaka Malaysia Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Electronics and Computer Technology & Engineering Technology Department Durian Tunggal Melaka Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364163

This paper presents the design and comparative study of two implant antennas utilizing graphene material for fat-intrabody communication (fat-IBC) in the 5.8 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. Both antennas use pure graphene and silver-enhanced graphene as radiating elements, fabricated on a Taconic TLY-3 substrate. Copper-conducting elements were used as the substitute conductive material in CST Microwave Studio simulation for the optimized designs. These antennas were then measured in a fat-tissue-equivalent phantom model, and the S11reflection coefficients were recorded. These results show that the silver-enhanced graphene antenna has better performance in conductivity and resonance sharpness compared with the pure graphene antenna, which can be applied for the fat-IBC system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Microwave antennas

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A New Comparative Approach Based on Features of Subcomponents and Machine Learning Algorithms to Detect and Classify Power Quality Disturbances

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Electric Power Components and Systems 2024年第8期52卷 1269-1292页

作者： Akkaya, Sıtkı Yüksek, Emre Akgün, Hasan Metehan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering of Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey Department of Computer Engineering of Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey Department of Aircraft Technology of Sivas Vocational School Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey

Current measurement systems based on the IEEE-1159 standard have some limitations and robustness problems under noisy and fast-changing conditions. Besides, applying different methods for each Power Quality Disturbance (PQD) to every window is required but time-consuming and not feasible. Therefore, different kinds of two-stage methods, Detection and Classification (D&C), have been improved in many studies. Then, the required measurement can be performed to define disturbance. For this purpose, a new approach based on features of subcomponents with Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) to detect and classify PQDs is proposed. 21-class dataset including single and multiple PQDs under different noisy conditions was prepared randomly. Of this dataset, determined features were extracted and some of these were selected. Then, selected features were trained and tested with some MLAs in a workstation. Results obtained from comparative MLAs and the other classification methods show that the best MLA with related features is Random Forest with 96.97% while LightGBM, k-Nearest Neighbors, and XGBoost 96.85%, 96.73%, and 92.82% accuracy, respectively. Because the selected features, optimized parameters, and the related MLA were obtained by investigating for features provided from the PQDs in the whole parameter space, this approach brings the advantages of high accuracy, low D&C complexity, and computing load. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Power quality

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Two dimensional cuckoo search optimization algorithm based despeckling filter for the real ultrasound images

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第1期15卷 921-942页

作者： Gupta, Pradeep K. Lal, Shyam Kiran, Mustafa Servet Husain, Farooq Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Moradabad Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Moradabad244001 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Karnataka Mangaluru575025 India Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Konya Technical University Konya Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Selcuk University Konya Turkey

A clinical ultrasound imaging plays a significant role in the proper diagnosis of patients because, it is a cost-effective and non-invasive technique in comparison with other methods. The speckle noise contamination caused by ultrasound images during the acquisition process degrades its visual quality, which makes the diagnosis task difficult for physicians. Hence, to improve their visual quality, despeckling filters are commonly used for processing of such images. However, several disadvantages of existing despeckling filters discourage the use of existing despeckling filters to reduce the effect of speckle noise. In this paper, two dimensional cuckoo search optimization algorithm based despeckling filter is proposed for avoiding limitations of various existing despeckling filters. Proposed despeckling filter is developed by combining fast non-local means filter and 2D finite impulse response (FIR) filter with cuckoo search optimization algorithm. In the proposed despeckling filter, the coefficients of 2D FIR filter are optimized by using the cuckoo search optimization algorithm. The quantitative results comparison between the proposed despeckling filter and other existing despeckling filters are analyzed by evaluating PSNR, MSE, MAE, and SSIM values for different real ultrasound images. Results reveal that the visual quality obtained by the proposed despeckling filter is better than other existing despeckling filters. The numerical results also reveal that the proposed despeckling filter is highly effective for despeckling the clinical ultrasound images. © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018.

关键词： FIR filters

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Shadow Extraction and Elimination of Moving Vehicles for Tracking Vehicles

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2009-2030页

作者： Kalpesh Jadav Vishal Sorathiya Walid El-Shafai Torki Altameem Moustafa HAly Vipul Vekariya Kawsar Ahmed Francis MBui Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyParul Institute of Engineering and TechnologyParul UniversityVadodaraGujarat391760India Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia Electronics and Communications Engineering Department College of Engineering and TechnologyArab Academy for ScienceTechnology and Maritime TransportAlexandria1029Egypt Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyParul Institute of Engineering and TechnologyParul UniversityVadodaraGujarat391760India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N5A9Canada

Shadow extraction and elimination is essential for intelligent transportation systems(ITS)in vehicle tracking *** shadow is the source of error for vehicle detection,which causes misclassification of vehicles and a high false alarm rate in the research of vehicle counting,vehicle detection,vehicle tracking,and *** of the existing research is on shadow extraction of moving vehicles in high intensity and on standard datasets,but the process of extracting shadows from moving vehicles in low light of real scenes is *** real scenes of vehicles dataset are generated by self on the Vadodara–Mumbai highway during periods of poor illumination for shadow extraction of moving vehicles to address the above *** paper offers a robust shadow extraction of moving vehicles and its elimination for vehicle *** method is distributed into two phases:In the first phase,we extract foreground regions using a mixture of Gaussian model,and then in the second phase,with the help of the Gamma correction,intensity ratio,negative transformation,and a combination of Gaussian filters,we locate and remove the shadow region from the foreground *** to the outcomes proposed method with outcomes of an existing method,the suggested method achieves an average true negative rate of above 90%,a shadow detection rate SDR(η%),and a shadow discrimination rate SDR(ξ%)of 80%.Hence,the suggested method is more appropriate for moving shadow detection in real scenes.

关键词： Change illuminations ImageJ software intelligent traffic systems mixture of Gaussian model National Institute of Health vehicle tracking

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Design and Analysis of a UWB Slotted Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Imaging Applications

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2023年第4期12卷 350-357页

作者： Paul, Liton Chandra Majumder, Akash Rani, Tithi Hossain, Md. Najmul Rahim, Md. Abdur Shin, Jungpil Yun, Keun Soo Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna6600 Bangladesh Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Rajshahi6204 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna6600 Bangladesh School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu / Fukushima Aizuwakamatsu965-8580 Japan School of Computer and Information Technology Ulsan College / Dong-gu Ulsan44610 Korea Republic of

An ultra-wideband (UWB) slotted compact Vivaldi antenna with a microstrip line feed was evaluated for microwave imaging (MI) applications. The recommended FR4 substrate-based Vivaldi antenna is 50×50×1.5 mm3 in size. The proposed compact Vivaldi antenna showed good radiation characteristics and spanned an ultra-wide bandwidth of 10 GHz, ranging from 3.6 to 13.6 GHz, using a microstrip line feed with a radial stub, tapered slots, and resonant cavities. After analyzing the simulation findings, the proposed compact slotted UWB Vivaldi antenna was compared with the basic Vivaldi antenna. The maximum gain and efficiency were 7.35 dB and 82%, respectively. The antenna was simulated in the time domain using the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio. The frequency domain solver was also used for cross-validation, and the results were equally good. In conclusion, the proposed compact Vivaldi antenna is a good option for microwave imaging applications. © 2023 The Institute of electronics and Information Engineers.

关键词： Cavity resonators

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A novel deep learning approach (Bi-xBcNet-96) considering green AI to discover breast cancer using mammography images

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第21期36卷 12701-12723页

作者： El-Mawla, Nesma Abd Berbar, Mohamed A. El-Fishawy, Nawal A. El-Rashidy, Mohamed A. Communication and Electronics Engineering Department Nile Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura Egypt Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Shebeen El-Kom Egypt Department of Computer Arab East Colleges Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can effectively detect illnesses such as breast cancer (BC) using a variety of medical imaging techniques. BC is a key factor contributing to the rise in the death rate among women worldwide. Early detection will lessen its impact, which may motivate patients to have quick surgical therapy. computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems are designed to provide radiologists recommendations to assist them in diagnosing BC. However, it is still restricted and limited, the interpretability cost, time consumption, and complexity of architecture are not considered. These limitations limit their use in healthcare devices. Therefore, we thought of presenting a revolutionary deep learning (DL) architecture based on recurrent and convolutional neural networks called Bi-xBcNet-96. In order to decrease carbon emissions while developing the DL model for medical image analysis and meet the objectives of sustainable artificial intelligence, this study seeks to attain high accuracy at the lowest computing cost. It takes into consideration the various characteristics of the pathological variation of BC disease in mammography images to obtain high detection accuracy. It consists of six stages: identifying the region of interest, detecting spatial features, discovering the effective features of the BC pathological types that have infected nearby cells in a concentrated area, identifying the relationships between distantly infected cells in some BC pathological types, weighing the extracted features, and classifying the mammography image. According to experimental findings, Bi-xBcNet-96 beat other comparable works on the benchmark datasets, attaining a classification accuracy of 98.88% in DDSM dataset, 100% in INbreast dataset with 5.08% and 0.3% improvements over the state-of-the-art methods, respectively. Furthermore, a 95.79% reduction in computing complexity was achieved. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis

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An Intelligent Big Data Security Framework Based on AEFS-KENN Algorithms for the Detection of Cyber-Attacks from Smart Grid Systems

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 399-418页

作者： Sankaramoorthy Muthubalaji Naresh Kumar Muniyaraj Sarvade Pedda Venkata Subba Rao Kavitha Thandapani Pasupuleti Rama Mohan Thangam Somasundaram Yousef Farhaoui Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering CMR College of Engineering&TechnologyHyderabad 501401India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vardhaman College of Engineering KacharamShamshabad 501218India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sreenidhi Institute of Science and TechnologyHyderabad 501301India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai 600062India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bharat Institute of Engineering and TechnologyHyderabad 501510India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of ComputingAmrita Vishwa VidhyapeethamBengaluru 560035India T-IDMS Department of Computer ScienceFaculty of Sciences and TechniquesMoulay Ismail UniversityErrachidia 52000Morocco

Big data has the ability to open up innovative and ground-breaking prospects for the electrical grid,which also supports to obtain a variety of technological,social,and financial *** is an unprecedented amount of heterogeneous big data as a consequence of the growth of power grid technologies,along with data processing and advanced *** main obstacles in turning the heterogeneous large dataset into useful results are computational burden and information *** original contribution of this paper is to develop a new big data framework for detecting various intrusions from the smart grid systems with the use of AI ***,an AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection(AEFS)technique is used to efficiently handle the input huge datasets from the smart grid for boosting ***,a Kernel based Extreme Neural Network(KENN)technique is used to anticipate security vulnerabilities more *** Polar Bear Optimization(PBO)algorithm is used to efficiently determine the parameters for the estimate of radial basis ***,several types of smart grid network datasets are employed during analysis in order to examine the outcomes and efficiency of the proposed AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection-Kernel based Extreme Neural Network(AEFS-KENN)big data security *** results reveal that the accuracy of proposed AEFS-KENN is increased up to 99.5%with precision and AUC of 99%for all smart grid big datasets used in this study.

关键词： smart grid Machine Learning(ML) big data analytics AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection(AEFS) Polar Bear Optimization(PBO) Kernel Extreme Neural Network(KENN)

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