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DECISION BASED DIRECTIONAL EDGE DETECTOR

SIGNAL PROCESSING 1994年第2期35卷 149-156页

作者： ANARIM, E AYDINOGLU, H GOKNAR, IC Boǧaziçi University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bebek 80815 İstanbul Turkey Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Atlanta GA 30332 USA İstanbul Technical University Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Maslak 80620 İstanbul Turkey

In this work, we propose a new edge detection scheme which is called the decision based directional edge detector (DBDED). Also a modification of Cheng's shrinking algorithm is developed for producing one point edge segments. The methodology of the proposed edge detection algorithm is described in the following manner. In each of eight discrete directions, every point is analyzed in order to decide whether it is a one-dimensional (l-D) edge point in the given direction. This analysis is performed adaptively by using the calculated local directional standard deviation, local directional averages and a constant threshold. In order to prevent multiple edges, the pixels which are locally dominant in intensity are considered to be edge candidates. The true edge pixels are decided upon by eliminating some of the false edge candidates using a decision-based algorithm. It has been shown by extensive simulation work that the DBDED has satisfactory results in some preselected requirements compared with other well-known edge detection methods in the literature.

关键词： EDGE DETECTION DECISION-BASED DIRECTIONAL EDGE DETECTOR DECISION ALGORITHM SHRINKING ALGORITHM LOCAL THRESHOLD 4-EXPOSURE 8-SIMPLICITY DEGREE OF EXPOSURE

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Region segmentation using K-mean clustering and genetic algorithms

Region segmentation using K-mean clustering and genetic algo...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Y. Horita T. Murai M. Miyahara Department of Electronics and Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Toyama University Toyama Japan School of Computer Science Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa Japan

One of the hard problems in image recognition and understanding is region segmentation. A traditional segmentation method such as clustering is not fully useful for any image, because of the initial values of clusters and the evaluation functions of segmented clusters affect the results of region segmentation. To solve this problem, we introduce the genetic algorithm (GA) for clustering. The experimental result shows the satiable results of region segmentation which have been achieved by applying GA.< >

关键词： Genetic algorithms Image segmentation Clustering methods computer science Image recognition Color Genetic mutations Genetic engineering Image edge detection Histograms

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Correlation between a.c. transport and electron spin resonance in amorphous Ge-S films alloyed with lead

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Philosophical Magazine B 1994年第5期70卷

作者： Koichi Shimakawa Takeharu Kato Koji Hayashi Atsushi Masuda Minoru Kumeda Tatsuo Shimrzu Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Gifu University Gifu 501-11 Japan Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Gifu University Gifu 501-11 Japan Nikon Corporation Tokyo 100 Japan Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Gifu University Gifu 501-11 Japan Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444 Japan Faculty of Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920 Japan

Although the a.c. loss in amorphous chalcogenides has been well interpreted in terms of a model of charged defects D+and D−, there is no direct (experimental) evidence for this. It is demonstrated for the first time that the a.c. conductivity is related to electron spin resonance and light-induced electron spin resonance in amorphous Ge-S films alloyed with Pb, showing direct evidence for defect-related a.c. transport. Alloying with Pb may result in a decrease in network flexibility, and hence the number of neutral defects D0(positive correlation energy; positiveU) increases with increasing Pb content. This may be one of the reasons for the disappearance of photodarkening when a certain amount of Pb is introduced into the Ge-S system.

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Compliance control of an ultrasonic motor powered prosthetic forearm 2

Compliance control of an ultrasonic motor powered prosthetic...

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2nd IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication, RO-MAN 1993

作者： Pecson, M. Ito, K. Luo, Zhi-Wei Kato, A. Aoyama, T. Ito, M. Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi441 Japan Department of Electronics Engineering Aichi Institute of Technology Toyota470-03 Japan Rehabilitation Engineering Center for Employment Injuries Nagoya460 Japan Department of Electro-Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya464-01 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780314077

The capability of a prosthetic device to mimic the response of the actual limb with respect to voluntary motor commands and to environmental loads should be addressed. This paper discusses the compliance control of an ultrasonic motor powered prosthetic forearm which utilizes cutaneously measured electromyogram (EMG) signals sensed with electrodes over the muscles as means of detecting motor commands sent by the central nervous system (CNS). Compliance control of the artificial limb was studied by implementing the bilinear model of the forearm and hand. This model emphasizes the role of the visco-elastic properties of the musculo-skeletal system of the actual limb in controlling its net configuration and movement. The flexor and extensor muscles extending over a joint influence the overall joint impedance and determines the equilibrium position of the joint. Relaxing both flexor and extensor muscles makes the joint compliant to external forces, while activating both muscles increases the impedance of the joint. © 1993 IEEE.

关键词： Muscle

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OPTICAL MULTIPLE-VARIABLE FUZZY-LOGIC ARRAY USING SHADOW CASTING

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL technology LETTERS 1993年第2期6卷 106-109页

作者： LIN, SM ZHANG, SG CHEN, CS KUMAZAWA, I Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152 Japan Xiamen University Department of Electronics Engineering Xiamen China Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152 Japan

An optical area-coded scheme is proposed to implement three-variable fuzzy logic based on the shadow-casting technique on one stage. In particular, no thresholding device is required. Experimental results are also given.

关键词： OPTICAL LOGIC OPTICAL FUZZY LOGIC PATTERN LOGIC OPTICAL IMAGE PROCESSING OPTICAL COMPUTING

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Compliance control of an ultrasonic motor powered prosthetic forearm

Compliance control of an ultrasonic motor powered prosthetic...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： M. Pecson K. Ito Zhi-Wei Luo A. Kato T. Aoyama M. Ito Department of Information and Computer Science Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Japan Department of Electronics Engineering Aichi Institute of Technology Toyota Japan Rehabilitation and Engineering Center for Employment Injuries Nagoya Japan Faculty of Engineering Department of Electro-Mechanical Engineering University of Nagoya Nagoya Japan

关键词： Prosthetics Muscles Power system modeling Impedance Centralized control Control systems Ultrasonic variables measurement Electromyography Electrodes Central nervous system

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A transcutaneous energy transmission system for an artificial organ by using a novel resonant converter

A transcutaneous energy transmission system for an artificia...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems engineering

作者： T. Inoue T.H. Nishimura M. Saito M. Nakaoka Department of Computer and Control Engineering Oita High Institute of Technology Japan Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Oita University Japan Institute of Medical Electronics Faculty of Medicine University of Tokyo Japan Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kobe University Japan

A zero voltage switched resonant converter has been designed and built as a transcutaneous energy transmission system to transfer 30 W across a variable air gap of 5-20 mm. The converter could power a total implantable artificial heart through intact skin by utilizing a transformer. In the converter, the large leakage inductances of the transcutaneous transformer have been incorporated in the resonant inductor. The steady-state operation of an experimental transcutaneous power supply has been accurately predicted by the theoretical analysis.< >

关键词： Artificial biological organs Resonance Switching converters Zero voltage switching Frequency DC-DC power converters Artificial heart Coupling circuits Power supplies Stationary state

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Four‐variable AND‐EXOR minimum expressions and their properties

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Systems and computers in Japan 1992年第10期23卷 27-41页

作者： Koda, Norio Sasao, Tsutomu Department of Information and Electronics Tokuyama College of Technology Tokuyama 745 Japan Faculty of Computer and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka 820 Japan

An AND‐EXOR expression (exclusive‐or sum‐of‐products expression: ESOP) is obtained by EXORing arbitrary product terms. First, some properties are shown of minimum ESOPs which are useful for the minimization of ESOPs. Second, a catalog of minimum ESOPs for the representative functions of 4‐variable NP‐equivalence classes is presented. Minimality is defined as first minimizing the number of the product terms and then the number of the literals in the ESOP. Minimum ESOPs are obtained by an exhaustive method. The average number of products to realize the 4‐variable functions by AND‐OR sum‐of‐products expressions is 4.13 and 3.66 by ESOPs. Minimum ESOPs with four variables or less are obtained easily by the table look‐up of the catalog. The catalog is useful for the minimization and the complexity analysis of ESOPs with five or more variables. Copyright © 1992 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company

关键词： complexity of logic circuits equivalence class EXOR logic logic minimization Reed‐Muller expression

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Fluctuations on R-R interval time series of diabetic autonomic neuropathy

Fluctuations on R-R interval time series of diabetic autonom...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems engineering

作者： T.H. Nishimura T. Inoue M. Saito K. Nagatsuka S. Senda H. Matsuo Department of Electronic and Electric Engineering Faculty of Engineering Oita University Japan Department of Computer and Control Engineering Oita High Institute of Technology Japan Institute of Medical Electronics Faculty Medicine University of Tokyo Japan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Kagawa Medical School Japan

An evaluation of autonomic nervous control using fluctuations of R-R interval variability is presented. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy concerned with autonomic nervous control is discriminated by using the R-R interval time series in the frequency domain. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy has been classified with high recognition employing this method.< >

关键词： Fluctuations Diabetes Frequency domain analysis Paper technology Cardiology Humans Autonomic nervous system Microwave integrated circuits

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SURVEY OF SWITCHING TECHNIQUES IN HIGH-SPEED NETWORKS AND THEIR PERFORMANCE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1991年第5期9卷 285-303页

作者： OIE, Y SUDA, T MURATA, M MIYAHARA, H Department of Computer Science and Electronics Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology lizuka 820 Japan Department of Information and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA 82717 U.S.A. Department of Information and Computer Sciences Faculty of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka 560 Japan

One of the most promising approaches for high speed networks for integrated service applications is fast packet switching, or ATM (asynchronous transfer mode). ATM can be characterized by very high speed transmission links and simple, hard-wired protocols within a network. To match the transmission speed of the network links, and to minimize the overhead due to the processing of network protocols, the switching of cells is done in hardware switching fabrics in ATM networks. A number of designs have been proposed for implementing ATM switches. Although many differences exist among the proposals, the vast majority of them are based on self-routeing multi-stage interconnection networks. This is because of the desirable features of multi-stage interconnection networks such as self-routeing capability and suitability for VLSI implementation. Existing ATM switch architectures can be classified into two major classes: blocking switches, where blockings of cells may occur within a switch when more than one cell contends for the same internal link, and non-blocking switches, where no internal blocking occurs. A large number of techniques have also been proposed to improve the performance of blocking and non-blocking switches. In this paper, we present an extensive survey of the existing proposals for ATM switch architectures, focusing on their performance issues.

关键词： ATM BROAD-BAND ISDN ATM SWITCH PERFORMANCE

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