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Investigation on the Power Consumption of an Electric Vehicle Powertrain Using Electro-Mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission with Variable Metal Belt's Clamping Force

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mazali, Izhari Izmi Che Daud, Zul Hilmi Kob, Mohd Salman Che Hamid, Mohd Kameil Abdul Jubair, Abdullah Abu Bakar, Saiful Anuar Abu Husain, Nurulakmar Ab Talib, Mat Hussin Vehicle Engineering Research Group Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Johor Bahru81310 Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Johor Bahru81310 Malaysia Malaysia-Japan Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur54100 Malaysia Intelligent Control and Automation Research Group Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Johor Bahru81310 Malaysia

This research presents an investigation to determine the potential of an electro-mechanical CVT (EMCVT) in reducing the power consumption of an EV powertrain. The investigation starts with the experimental phase, conducted to obtain the efficiency data of the EMCVT prototype. In the phase, the prototype is tested for the geometrical ratio (rCVT_geo) of 2.30, 1.60, 1.00 and 0.70, with the variable clamping force of 8.5 kN, 10.5 kN and 11.0 kN applied on its secondary pulley. The results show that with the lower clamping force, the transmission efficiency can be improved by up to 10%, depending on the ratio. With the EMCVT efficiency data, the simulation phase of the research is carried out, in which the power consumption of the EMCVT-based EV powertrain is compared to the single speed transmission. The results explain that for the combined low and medium phases of the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC), the EMCVT performs slightly worse;0.01 kWh more power consumed that the single speed transmission. However, for the entire WLTC, it fares better, recorded 3.47 kWh compared to 4.67 kWh of the single speed transmission, suggesting the potential of the prototype for implementation in an EV powertrain. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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An Optimizing Method Based on Combining Edge Computer and Long Short-Term Memory Networks Applied to Solar Power Forecasting

An Optimizing Method Based on Combining Edge Computer and Lo...

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2021 IEEE International Future Energy Electronics Conference, IFEEC 2021

作者： Nguyen, Minh-Ngoc Pham, Manh-Hai Wu, Yuan-Kang Nguyen, Ngoc-Trung Phenikaa University Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hanoi Viet Nam Electric Power University Faculty of Energy Technology Hanoi Viet Nam National Chung-Cheng University Department of Electrical Engineering Chiayi Taiwan Electric Power University Control and Automation Faculty Hanoi Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9781665434485

Along with the rapid development of solar energy sources on the global power system,the challenges related to the weather instability of this power type are also of increasing concern. Intending to solve these challenges,the study of solar power forecasting has become one of the most important problems in the power system field. Most of the published forecast algorithms aim to minimize prediction errors. However,in reality,convenience and data processing time are two necessary goals to commercialize a forecasting software. Recently,IoT is emerging as an effective solution to solve the above multi-objective problem. Especially,in the current trend of real-time forecasting,the application of Edge Computer in the IoT environment is bringing new opportunities for the goal of reducing data processing time while ensuring acceptable forecast errors. Moreover,Edge Computer also reduces the risk of network congestion due to its distributed processing characteristics. This paper introduces a new methodology using Edge Computer combined with the LSTM algorithm applied to the solar power forecasting problem. Real-time calculation results show that the accuracy can be improved by the good choice of the converted data type while the execution time is halved compared to without using Edge Computer. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Solar energy

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Identification and control of Industrial Hydraulic Actuators with a Hammerstein-Wiener Model Approach 1st

Identification and Control of Industrial Hydraulic Actuators...

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1st International Symposium on Systems Modelling and Simulation, SMS 2024

作者： Mohamad Ali, Nur Husnina Jaafar, Hazriq Izzuan Ghazali, Rozaimi Ghani, Muhamad Fadli Soon, Chong Chee Has, Zulfatman Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Elektrik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia Center for Robotics and Industrial Automation Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia Department of Control and Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Malaysia Penang Branch Campus Pulau Pinang Malaysia Electrical Engineering Department University of Muhammadiyah Malang Malang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819646128

In motion control applications, the precise regulation of Industrial Hydraulic Actuators (IHA) is essential for properly ascertaining the position of the actuator rod. This research used a Hammerstein-Wiener (HW) model to characterize the system, integrating a dead zone to account for nonlinearities and using an open-loop methodology. A grey-box modelling technique is used for estimating the discrete-time model of the system and identifying its parameters. The System Identification toolbox in MATLAB functions as the principal instrument for model estimation, using input-output data acquired via experimental procedures. The validation of the input-output data demonstrated a promising best-fit percentage of 88.21%, indicating a robust connection between the HW model and the real system. To assess the trajectory tracking efficacy of the system, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controllers developed and evaluated using both simulation and experimental data based on a multi-sinusoidal trajectory. The findings indicate that the FOPID controller surpasses the traditional PID controller, producing reduced Mean Square Error (MSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values. In simulations, the FOPID control technique enhanced MSE by 32.8% and RMSE by 18.0% relative to the PID controller, although the experimental findings indicated improvements of 31.9% and 17.5%, respectively. The results highlight the superior efficacy of the FOPID controller in improving trajectory tracking performance owing to its greater complexity and flexibility. Future research may concentrate on developing more sophisticated controllers, including intelligent or nonlinear variants, to enhance the tracking precision of the IHA system. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Three term control systems

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Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with Mirror-image Inertia Weight 22

Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with Mirror-image Iner...

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8th International Conference on Computing and Artificial Intelligence, ICCAI 2022

作者： Lu, ShengFu Han, JiXin Li, Mi Department of Automation Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services Beijing100124 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Perception and Autonomous Control Ministry of Education Beijing100124 China Engineering Research Center of Digital Community Ministry of Education Beijing100124 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450396110

So far, no matter what kind of inertia weighting algorithm, its value changes within the positive range (0, 1.2). To further improve the optimization performance of particles, this paper proposes a mirror-image inertia weight (miIW) strategy, which extends the value range of inertia weight from the positive domain (0, 1.2) to the negative domain (-1.2, 0). The CEC2014 function was used to test the optimization performance of different inertia weight algorithms in the PSO algorithm using three strategies of positive inertia weight (PIW), negative inertia weight (NIW), and mirror-image inertia weight (miIW), The results show that the optimization performance of miIW is better than PIW and NIW. To verify the actual optimization ability of the mirror-image inertial weight (miIW), we compared the effects of PSO with miIW, PSO with PIW, and PSO with NIW in the optimization of the classification model parameters. The results show that the PSO with miIW optimization result is the best. These research results show that the miIW strategy increases the flight distance of the particles, which expands the search range of the particles, improves the overall development capabilities of the particles, and increases the search density of the particles. The expansion of the search range and the increase of the search density work together to promote a significant improvement in the optimization performance of the PSO algorithm. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Mirrors

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A Subordinate Multi-Swarm Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm based on the Dynamic Random Cooperative Learning Strategy 22

A Subordinate Multi-Swarm Particle Swarm Optimization Algori...

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8th International Conference on Computing and Artificial Intelligence, ICCAI 2022

作者： Li, Mi Wang, YuanYuan Lu, ShengFu Department of Automation Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services Beijing100124 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Perception and Autonomous Control Ministry of Education Beijing100124 China Engineering Research Center of Digital Community Ministry of Education Beijing100124 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450396110

Multi-swarm particle swarm optimization algorithms have received much attention in recent years due to their effectiveness in maintaining the diversity of population. However, during the evolution process, the algorithm often suffers from the aggregation of particles within the sub-swarm which could make the particles fall into the local optimum. In order to solve this problem, we propose a new multi-swarm particle swarm optimization algorithm: A Subordinate Multi-Swarm Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm based on the Dynamic Cooperative Learning Strategy Algorithm (SMS-DCLS-PSO). In the SMS-DCLS-PSO algorithm, we use the number of stagnant local optimums in the sub-swarms as the aggregation flag. When the sub-swarms reach the aggregation condition, the dynamic random cooperative learning strategy is adopted to realize the adaptive periodic information exchange between sub-swarms. To further enhance the diversity of the population, the best particle of the main population and the worst particle of the sub-swarms are respectively mutated. When the sub-swarms don't meet the aggregation conditions, the sub-swarms evolve independently which means the particles only exchange the information within their own sub-swarm. The main-swarm evaluates the local optimal position of each sub-swarm and its own local optimal position in each iteration to update the velocity. The results of the comparison with SMS-DCLS-PSO and other PSO algorithms on the latest public test suite demonstrate that SMS-DCLS-PSO has a better performance on optimization. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Marine boundary layer tracking using an AUV with UKF based extremum seeking ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2021年第16期54卷 320-326页

作者： Tim Benedikt von See Thomas Meurer Jens Greinert GEOMAR Helmholtz-Center for Ocean Research Kiel Chair of Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Kiel University

Adaptive sampling and situational awareness for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) is a major improvement in ocean research. By only sampling the feature of interest in a feature-relevant domain instead of a covering a whole area expensive ship time can be saved and at the same time a more comprehensive data set can be obtained. A classical marine example where adaptive sampling is useful is sampling of boundary layers such as the thermocline because the boundary layer thickness is very small compared to the depth of the water column. These boundary layers play an important role in many ocean related disciplines such as marine biology, physical oceanography and underwater acoustics. In this paper an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) based extremum seeking control (ESC) approach is presented to detect and track such boundary layers. Simulation results for different use cases are presented to show its effectiveness.

关键词： AUV Kalman filter extremum seeking control boundary layer tracking thermocline

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Period Doubling Bifurcations and Its control in Induction Motor Drives

Period Doubling Bifurcations and Its Control in Induction Mo...

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2020 Applying New Technology in Green Buildings, ATiGB 2020

作者： Ngan, Mi Do Hoang Le Tien, Dung Phung, Quang Nguyen University of da Nang University of Technology and Education Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Da Nang Viet Nam University of da Nang University of Science and Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Da Nang Viet Nam Ha Noi University of Science and Technology Institute for Control Engineering and Automation HaNoi Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9781728186580

Chaos can lead to self-oscillation, which affect thequality of induction motor drive system?. This effect happens with nonlinear systems, which are sensitive to the initial conditions, but governed by deterministic laws unlike random. to The present study aims to investigate the chaos that occur in the nonlinear systems - three phase AC drives using induction motor by the rotor of flux oriented control. After analyzing the phenomena based on a mathematical model, simulation will prove chaotic behavior when parameters fall into period doubling bifurcation regions. It showed clearly the chaotic behaviors through time response, phase diagram, Fourier spectrum, Poincaré section, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents. Besides, the sensitivity of the initial condition of the system was also well presented. This is the typical characteristic of a chaotic system. In conclusion, this is a suitable algorithm - sliding mode control put forward to suppress the chaotic oscillations quickly and return the system to the normal working, therefore, could improve the quality of the system.) © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Nonlinear systems

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Fast convergent on-board Li-ion battery state of charge estimation via back-forth moving horizon estimation

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IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2025年

作者： Liu, Zhihao Xiao, Yu Yuan, Yuan Xu, Xiaodong Luo, Biao Huang, Tingwen Ministry of Education School of Automation and Key Laboratory of Industrial Intelligence and Systems Central South University Changsha410083 China Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen China

Accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation is crucial for the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), yet existing methods are limited by sensitivity to initial SOC guess or high computational complexity. To address these challenges, this study proposes an onboard back-forth moving horizon estimation (BFMHE) framework for SOC estimation, achieving high precision, robustness, and computational efficiency compatible with microcontroller implementation. An efficient linear equivalent circuit model (ECM) is established, where the open-circuit voltage-SOC relationship is approximated by piecewise linear functions. The proposed framework employs two MHE estimators that iteratively operate in opposite directions over a finite time horizon, which enables rapid convergence. Moreover, this study provides a rigorous proof of the stability of the BFMHE method for the battery system with current input. The proposed approach is validated experimentally under various operating conditions and with different initial SOC guesses. Experimental results show that the proposed onboard BFMHE method achieves a maximum estimation error of less than 1% and quickly converges to the true SOC value, demonstrating strong robustness to initial estimation errors. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Study on spiral winding swimming motion control of a slender legless creature model

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High Technology Letters 2021年第4期27卷 415-421页

作者： Lu Zhenli Ma Zhipeng Marko Pencic Maja Cavic Borovac Branislav Roumiana Ilieva Bojan Nemec Marjan Mernik School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500P.R.China School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116P.R.China Faculty of Technical Sciences University of Novi SadNovi Sad 621000Serbia Faculty of Management Technical University of SofiaSofia 1000Bulgaria Department of Automatics Biocybernetics and RoboticsJožef Stefan InstituteLjubljana 1000Slovenia Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MariborMaribor 462000Slovenia

Through the observation and analysis of the motion trajectory of spiral winding motion for slender legless biological creatures in water,V-REP software is adopted to build a dynamic simulator to study on the mechanism of spiral winding swimming(SWS)*** using the output of spiral function(SF),the dynamic simulation model of slender legless creature(SLC)realizes the SWS motion in *** corresponding experiments under the control of different bending angle of SF to control the dynamic model are also carried out to analyze the water performance of SWS in still *** with the output of two different bending angles of the spiral function,the dynamic model can be used to realize SWS and up/down *** work provides technical reserve and experimental platform for the corresponding study in related fields.

关键词： V-REP spiral winding swimming(SWS) motion control slender legless creature(SLC)

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A DAOs-Based Publishing System for Advancing Open Access

A DAOs-Based Publishing System for Advancing Open Access

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Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Siji Ma Juanjuan Li Sangtian Guan Qinghua Ni Fei Lin Tengchao Zhang Jun Huang Fei-Yue Wang Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350349252

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349269

The development of the scientific publishing system has remarkably enhanced global accessibility to research findings and substantially increased the visibility and dissemination of academic publications. However, significant challenges still exist in effectively safeguarding the intellectual property rights of contributors, such as the unauthorized usage of materials, the complexity of enforcing intellectual property rights across various legal jurisdictions, and high instances of plagiarism and content misuse. Additionally, financial barriers related to open access may restrict the participation of economically disadvantaged researchers, potentially biasing scientific records towards more affluent research initiatives. To address these issues, a novel decentralized framework is formulated to ensure truly open access. This framework leverages blockchain for immutable record-keeping and clear attribution of authorship, to prevent unauthorized usage and plagiarism. Besides, it also utilizes a copyright-sharing model based on decentralized autonomous organizations and operations (DAOs), where smart contracts automatically enforce copyright and access policies to ensure fair compensation for authors and researchers. Furthermore, the copyright sharing model based on non-fungible tokens (NFT) and gradual ownership optimization (GOO) mechanism is proposed to ensure fair and accurate recognition and compensation for scholarly contributions.

关键词： Open Access Law Plagiarism Smart contracts Intellectual property Research initiatives Scientific publishing Nonfungible tokens Remuneration Optimization

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