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Tailoring topological transition of anisotropic polaritons by interface engineering in biaxial crystals

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zeng, Yali Ou, Qingdong Liu, Lu Zheng, Chunqi Wang, Ziyu Gong, Youning Liang, Xiang Zhang, Yupeng Hu, Guangwei Yang, Zhilin Qiu, Cheng-Wei Bao, Qiaoliang Chen, Huanyang Dai, Zhigao Department of Physics Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Monash University ClaytonVIC Australia Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Singapore138634 Singapore Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China School of Energy and Power Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430063 China

Polaritons in polar biaxial crystals with extreme anisotropy offer a promising route to manipulate nanoscale light-matter interactions. The dynamical modulation of their dispersion is great significance for future integrated nano-optics but remains challenging. Here, we report a momentum-directed strategy, a coupling between the modes with extra momentum supported by the interface and in-plane hyperbolic polaritons, to tailor topological transitions of anisotropic polaritons in biaxial crystals. We experimentally demonstrate such tailored polaritons at the interface of heterostructures between graphene and α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3). The interlayer coupling can be electrically modulated by changing the Fermi level in graphene, enabling a dynamic topological transition. More interestingly, we found that the topological transition occurs at a constant Fermi level when tuning the thickness of α-MoO3. The momentum-directed strategy implemented by interface engineering offers new insights for optical topological transitions, which may shed new light for programmable polaritonics, energy transfer and neuromorphic photonics. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Photons

Potential of hydrogen production from intermittent renewable energy resources in different locations of Nigeria: Technical, economic and environmental perspective

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Global Energy Interconnection 2025年

作者： Richard Oladayo Olarewaju Ogunjuyigbe Ayodeji Samson Olatunji Ayodele Temitope Raphael Samson Oladayo Ayanlade Yuming Feng Chaoran Liu Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Abiola Ajimobi Technical University Ibadan Nigeria Power Energy Machine & Drive Research Group Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Technology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Lead City University Ibadan Nigeria School of Computer Science and Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing 404000 P.R. China Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018 P.R. China

In this study, ten wind turbines and fourteen solar photovoltaic (SPV) modules were employed to compare the potential of hydrogen production from wind and solar energy resources in the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The amount of hydrogen produced was considered as a technical parameter, cost of hydrogen production was considered as an economic index, and the amount of carbon (IV) oxide saved from the use of diesel fuel was considered as an environmental index. The results reveal that ENERCON E-40 turbine yields the highest capacity factor in Lagos, Jos, Sokoto, Bauchi and Enugu sites while FUHRLAENDER, GMBH yields the highest capacity factor in Delta. The mean annual hydrogen production from wind ranged from 2.05 tons/annum at site S6 (Delta) to 17.33 tons/annum at site S3 (Sokoto), and the mean annual hydrogen production from SPV ranged from 64.33 tons/annum at sites S1 (Lagos) to 140.28 tons/annum at site S6 (Delta). The cost of hydrogen production from wind was 6.3679 and 25.9007$/kg for sites S3 and S6, respectively, and the cost of hydrogen production from SPV was 5.6659 and 6.1206$/kg for sites S3 and S1, respectively. The amount of CO 2 saved annually from wind-based hydrogen generation was 137,267 kg/year in site S6 and 504,180 kg/year in site S3, and was used to produce electricity via fuel cells. The amount of CO 2 saved using hydrogen produced from SPV was 615,400 kg/year and 1,341,899 kg/year in sites S1 and S6, respectively. The results also revealed that 75.55%, 88.93%, 80.28%, 80.54%, 85.65%, 98.53% more hydrogen could be produced from SPV for sites S1–S6, respectively, compared to the wind resources. This study serves as a source of reliable technical information to relevant government agencies, policy makers and investors in making informed decisions on optimal investment in the hydrogen economy of Nigeria.

关键词： Hydrogen Fuel cell Solar photovoltaic Wind energy Nigeria

Predicting biochar yield from biomass pyrolysis: A comprehensive data-driven approach using machine learning and SHAP analysis

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Results in Engineering

Results in engineering 2025年 26卷

作者： Walid Abdelfattah Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda Krunal Vaghela Gowrishankar J Prabhat Kumar Sahu Kamred Udham Singh R. Sivaranjani Rohit Chauhan Siya Singla Samim Sherzod Department of Mathematics College of Science Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia College of Pharmacy The Islamic University Najaf Iraq College of Pharmacy The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah Al Diwaniyah Iraq Marwadi University Research Center Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Technology Marwadi University Rajkot Gujarat India Assistant Professor Department of Computer Science Engineering School of Engineering and Technology JAIN (Deemed to be University) Bangalore Karnataka India Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar Odisha 751030 India School of Computing Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun India Adjunct Professor Centre for Promotion of Research Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dehradun Uttarakhand 248002 India Department of CSE Raghu Engineering College Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 531162 India Department of Computer Application Chandigarh Engineering College Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri Mohali Punjab 140307 India Centre for Research Impact & Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Rajpura Punjab 140401 India Faculty of Engineering Nangarhar University Nangarhar Afghanistan

Biochar, a pivotal product of biomass pyrolysis, is crucial in sustainable agriculture, carbon sequestration, and renewable energy systems. This study employs a comprehensive data-driven approach to predict biochar yield using machine learning algorithms. The dataset, comprising 14 chemical, physical, and reaction parameters collected from reputable studies, was processed using outlier detection via the Monte Carlo Outlier Detection (MCOD) algorithm and hyperparameter tuning to optimize model performance. Among the evaluated models, the Decision Tree algorithm emerged as the most robust predictor, achieving an R² value of 0.771, a mean square error (MSE) of 16.182, and an average absolute relative error percentage (AARE%) of 11.848 % in testing. The SHAP analysis identified residence time, pyrolysis temperature, and ash content as the most influential predictors of biochar yield. Simplified explanations and interpretability offered by these models support their practical application. These findings underline the potential of machine learning to optimize biochar production, enhance agricultural systems, and create scalable methods for sustainable waste management, directly contributing to renewable energy and environmental remediation industries.

关键词： Biochar yield Machine learning Biomass pyrolysis Decision tree SHAP analysis

IPGRN: An Integrated Progressive Gated Refinement Network for Breast Tumor Analysis

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Dai, Zihao Huang, Guoheng Li, Yan He, Jianbin Yuan, Xiaochen Pun, Chi-Man Zhong, Guo Ling, Bingo Wing-Kuen Wu, Yaopan Li, Jiao Guangdong University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Shenzhen Polytechnic University School of Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen 518055 China Faculty of Applied Sciences of the Macao Polytechnic University 999078 Macao Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Macau 999078 Macao Guangdong University of Foreign Studies School of Information Science and Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Guangdong University of Technology School of Information Engineering Guangzhou 510006 China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer Department of Medical Imaging State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangzhou 510060 China

The predictive analysis of disease indicators for breast tumor patients holds significant clinical relevance for physicians in diagnosis and treatment, and can benefit from the integration of consumer health technologies in smart healthcare systems. In clinical practice, vast amounts of monitoring data—such as mammography, breast ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging—are generated. Smart healthcare devices and remote monitoring systems facilitate the collection, sharing, and utilization of this data, supporting personalized healthcare. In this context, the selection and utilization of medical data features is a crucial task. While some models have demonstrated effectiveness in this area, they often suffer from limitations such as inadequate feature enhancement, insufficient cross-modal interaction, and poor generalization across diverse datasets. To address these issues, we propose an Integrated Progressive Gated Refinement Network (IPGRN). IPGRN is realized through the fusion of the Progressive Inheritance Shared (PIS) module with the Higher-Dimensional Hierarchical Gated Interactions (HD-HGI) module. This deep fusion network, employing a dual-path architecture, demonstrates outstanding performance in multimodal medical multi-index prediction, while exhibiting strong generalization capabilities. We present experimental results on five authentic datasets, empirically confirming the effectiveness of our proposed IPGRN. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Breast tumor Gated convolutions Multimodal feature enhancement Radiomics

A first principle study of adsorption and dissociation of H2 molecule on MoS2 and Ni-promoted MoS2 surfaces

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2748卷

作者： Wahyu Aji Eko Prabowo Subagjo Subagjo Nugraha Nugraha T. Sutojo Muhamad Akrom Supriadi Rustad Hermawan Kresno Dipojono Informatics Engineering Department Faculty of Computer Science Dian Nuswantoro University Semarang 50131 Indonesia Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung 40132 Indonesia Engineering Physics Department Faculty of Industrial Technology Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung 40132 Indonesia Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and nickel promoted MoS2 are increasingly used as catalyst in hydrotreating process, which involve adsorption, dissociation and formation of molecular hydrogen. The aims of this study are to investigate the adsorption, dissociation, and formation of H2 molecular over MoS2 and Ni promoted MoS2 (NiMoS) surface by using first-principles density functional theory (DFT). By utilizing climbing image nudged elastic band (CI-NEB) method, the activation energies of H2 dissociation and H2 formation are calculated. The most stable adsorption site is found in MoS2 surface. From the evaluation of H–H formation energy barrier on catalyst surface, NiMoS shows better reactivity than MoS2.

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Autocorrelation functions and ergodicity in diffusion with stochastic resetting

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Stojkoski, Viktor Sandev, Trifce Kocarev, Ljupco Pal, Arnab Faculty of Economics Ss. Cyril and Methodius University Skopje1000 Macedonia Research Center for Computer Science and Information Technologies Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts Institute of Physics & Astronomy University of Potsdam Institute of Physics Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ss Cyril and Methodius University Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ss. Cyril and Methodius University School of Chemistry The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems Tel Aviv University

Diffusion with stochastic resetting is a paradigm of resetting processes. Standard renewal or master equation approach are typically used to study steady state and other transport properties such as average, mean squared displacement etc. What remains less explored is the two time point correlation functions whose evaluation is often daunting since it requires the implementation of the exact time dependent probability density functions of the resetting processes which are unknown for most of the problems. We adopt a different approach that allows us to write a stochastic solution in the level of a single trajectory undergoing resetting. Moments and the autocorrelation functions between any two times along the trajectory can then be computed directly using the laws of total expectation. Estimation of autocorrelation functions turns out to be pivotal for investigating the ergodic properties of various observables for this canonical model. In particular, we investigate two observables (i) sample mean which is widely used in economics and (ii) time-averaged-mean-squared-displacement (TAMSD) which is of acute interest in physics. We find that both diffusion and drift-diffusion processes are ergodic at the mean level unlike their reset-free counterparts. In contrast, resetting renders ergodicity breaking in the TAMSD while both the stochastic processes are ergodic when resetting is absent. We quantify these behaviors with detailed analytical study and corroborate with extensive numerical simulations. The current study provides an important baseline that unifies two different approaches, used ubiquitously in economics and physics, for studying the ergodic properties in diffusion with resetting. We believe that our results can be verified in single particle experimental set-ups and thus have strong implications in the field of resetting. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

Design of a photonic crystal 4 × 2 encoder based on all-optical NOT and XOR logic gates

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第4期57卷

作者： Shahi, Mohsen Sepahvandi, Vahid Saghaei, Hamed Nurmohammadi, Tofiq Bahloul, Faouzi Jafari, Behnam Karar, Abdullah S. Soroosh, Mohammad Adibnia, Ehsan Department of Electrical Engineering Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Faculty of Physics University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Energy and Environment Research Center Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz*** Iran SERCOM laboratory University of Carthage Tunisia Polytechnic School EPT B.P. 743 Carthage2078 Tunisia Department of Electronics Carleton University OttawaONK1S 5B6 Canada Optiwave Inc. OttawaONK2E 7X1 Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz Iran P.O. Box *** Zahedan Iran

This study presents the design and optimization of multi-functional all-optical NOT and XOR logic gates based on interference effects within two-dimensional photonic crystal structures. Our approach aims to address the growing demand for high-performance components in next-generation photonic integrated circuits (PICs). We enhanced the structure’s applicability and performance by carefully optimizing the output waveguide configuration. Our design achieved impressive performance metrics, including a response time of approximately 0.15 ps, a contrast ratio of 32.88 dB, and a bit rate of roughly 6.67 Tbit/s. Notably, the compact size of 83.55 μm² makes our design particularly suitable for PICs. To demonstrate the versatility of our approach, we developed an optimized 4 × 2 encoder based on the same design principles. This more complex structure with a compact size of 133.67 μm² exhibited a contrast ratio of approximately 26.54 dB, further validating the flexibility and practicality of our designs for integration into optical circuits. Our methodology employed the plane wave expansion method for determining and analyzing the photonic bandgap range. In contrast, the finite-difference time-domain method was utilized to simulate and evaluate the proposed structures’ performance. These results collectively demonstrate the significant potential of our designs for future PIC applications, offering a promising pathway toward high-performance, integrated optical computing systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Photonic integrated circuits

Secure Performance Analysis of RIS-aided Wireless Communication Systems

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Do, Dinh-Thuan Le, Anh-Tu Mumtaz, Shahid Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Faculty of Information Technology Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Instituto de Telecomunicações Aveiro Portugal ARIES Research Center Universidad Antonio de Nebrija C/Pirineos 55 MadridE-28040 Spain

Since Internet of Things (IoT) is suggested as the fundamental platform to adapt massive connections and secure transmission, we study physical-layer authentication in the point-to-point wireless systems relying on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) technique. Due to lack of direct link from IoT devices (both legal and illegal devices) to the access point, we benefit from RIS by considering two main secure performance metrics. As main goal, we examine the secrecy performance of a RIS-aided wireless communication systems which show secure performance in the presence of an eavesdropping IoT devices. In this circumstance, RIS is placed between the access point and the legitimate devices and is designed to enhance the link security. To specify secure system performance metrics, we firstly present analytical results for the secrecy outage probability. Then, secrecy rate is further examined. Interestingly, we are to control both the average signal-to-noise ratio at the source and the number of metasurface elements of the RIS to achieve improved system performance. We verify derived expressions by matching Monte-Carlo simulation and analytical results. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Internet of things

Software Architecture for Quantum Computing Systems - A Systematic Review

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Khan, Arif Ali Ahmad, Aakash Waseem, Muhammad Liang, Peng Fahmideh, Mahdi Mikkonen, Tommi Abrahamsson, Pekka M3S Empirical Software Engineering Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu90014 Finland School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University Leipzig Germany School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China School of Business University of Southern Queensland QLD Australia Faculty of Information Technology University of Jyväskylä JyvaskylaFI-40014 Finland

Quantum computing systems rely on the principles of quantum mechanics to perform a multitude of computationally challenging tasks more efficiently than their classical counterparts. The architecture of software-intensive systems can empower architects who can leverage architecture-centric processes, practices, description languages to model, develop, and evolve quantum computing software (quantum software for short) at higher abstraction levels. We conducted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to investigate (i) architectural process, (ii) modeling notations, (iii) architecture design patterns, (iv) tool support, and (iv) challenging factors for quantum software architecture. Results of the SLR indicate that quantum software represents a new genre of software-intensive systems;however, existing processes and notations can be tailored to derive the architecting activities and develop modeling languages for quantum software. Quantum bits (Qubits) mapped to Quantum gates (Qugates) can be represented as architectural components and connectors that implement quantum software. Tool-chains can incorporate reusable knowledge and human roles (e.g., quantum domain engineers, quantum code developers) to automate and customize the architectural process. Results of this SLR can facilitate researchers and practitioners to develop new hypotheses to be tested, derive reference architectures, and leverage architecture-centric principles and practices to engineer emerging and next generations of quantum software. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Modeling languages