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Comprehensive multimodal approach for Parkinson’s disease classification using artificial intelligence: insights and model explainability

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Soft Computing 2025年第3期29卷 1845-1877页

作者： Balaha, Hossam Magdy Hassan, Asmaa El-Sayed Ahmed, Rawan Ayman Balaha, Magdy Hassan Bioengineering Department J.B. Speed School of Engineering University of Louisville LouisvilleKY United States Computer Science and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Mathematics and Engineering Physics Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide. Early detection is vital for effective management, yet remains challenging. In this study, we investigated four distinct datasets for PD detection. Through comprehensive experimentation employing ensemble methods and feature selection, we achieved high classification accuracies across the datasets. For the Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Detection Dataset, an accuracy of 95.67%, precision of 97.59%, recall of 84.5%, specificity of 99.32%, and F1-score of 90.57% were achieved. For the Alzheimer Parkinson Diseases 3 Class Dataset, the "Stacking" approach surpasses individual models, reaching an accuracy of 99.85%, precision of 99.81%, recall of 99.81%, specificity of 99.86%, and F1 of 99.81%. For the NewHandPD dataset, Regarding the Spiral category, The "Base-P32-384" model surpasses others with an accuracy of 97.35%, precision of 96.50%, recall of 98.57%, and F1-score of 97.53%. The collective "Stacking" approach proves highly effective regarding the Circle category, achieving 100% across all performance metrics. Regarding the Meander category, the "Base-P16-224" model achieves an accuracy of 97.35%, precision of 99.26%, recall of 95.71%, specificity of 99.19%, and F1 of 97.45%. The Mobile Device Voice Recordings at King’s College London (MDVR-KCL) dataset contains two datasets. Regarding the "SpontaneousDialogue" dataset, accuracy, BAC, precision, recall, specificity, and F1-score were computed, resulting in values of 94.03%, 92.83%, 90.78%, 100.0%, and 85.67%, respectively. Regarding the "ReadText" dataset, accuracy, BAC, precision, recall, specificity, and F1-score were computed, resulting in values of 91.89%, 90.62%, 87.5%, 100.0%, and 81.25%, respectively. Our findings highlight the efficacy of leveraging diverse data sources and advanced machine learning techniques to enhance PD detection accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germa

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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DialTest-EA: An Enhanced Fuzzing Approach With Energy Adjustment for Dialogue Systems via Metamorphic Testing

DialTest-EA: An Enhanced Fuzzing Approach With Energy Adjust...

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作者： Chen, Haibo Chen, Jinfu Wu, Yucheng Cai, Saihua Ahmad, Bilal Huang, Rubing Wang, Shengran Zhang, Chi School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Technology Industrial Cyberspace Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China School of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology China

Deep neural networks (DNNs) possess potent feature learning capability, enabling them to comprehend natural language, which strongly support developing dialogue systems. However, dialogue systems usually perform incorrect behaviours in some corner cases, which may cause misunderstanding or economic loss. To test and debug dialogue systems, a popular fuzzing framework by metamorphic testing with Gini impurity guidance is proposed, namely, DialTest. However, DialTest treats all seeds (the initial test inputs to generate the mutated test inputs) equally during the fuzzing process and does not differentiate seeds, resulting in a certain limitation to its incorrect behaviour detection capability. In this paper, we propose to enhance the DialTest by applying a lightweight energy adjustment strategy called DialTest with Energy Adjustment (DialTest-EA). DialTest-EA employs the ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) to adjust the mutation energy of each seed adaptively, ensuring that potential seeds have more opportunities to generate subsequent test inputs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed DialTest-EA, we conduct a series of comparisons with the original DialTest and random mutation strategy. The experimental results show that the proposed DialTest-EA outperforms the compared methods both in the intent detection and slot filling tasks. Compared with the original DialTest, the intent detection accuracy of generated test cases by the proposed method is reduced by more than 14%, and the slot filling accuracy is reduced by more than 8%. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Ant colony optimization

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Evaluating AI-powered predictive solutions for MRI in lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review

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Artificial Intelligence Review 2025年第8期58卷 1-78页

作者： Al-antari, Mugahed A. Salem, Saied Raza, Mukhlis Elbadawy, Ahmed S. Bütün, Ertan Aydin, Ahmet Arif Aydoğan, Murat Ertuğrul, Bilal Talo, Muhammed Gu, Yeong Hyeon Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science College of AI Convergence Daeyang AI Center Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of Department of Artificial Intelligence College of AI Convergence Daeyang AI Center Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fırat University Elazığ Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Inonu University Malatya Turkey Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Technology Fırat University Elazığ Turkey Department of Neurosurgery Faculty of Medicine Fırat University Elazığ Turkey Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of North Texas DentonTX76205 United States

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) involves the narrowing of the spinal canal, leading to compression of the spinal cord and nerves in the lower back. Common causes include injuries, degenerative age-related changes, congenital conditions, and tumors, all of which contribute to back pain. Early diagnosis is critical for symptom management, preventing progression, and preserving quality of life. This study systematically reviews AI-based approaches for predicting LSS using MRI axial and sagittal imaging. The review focuses on various AI tasks: detection, segmentation, classification, hybrid approaches, spinal index measurements (SIM), and explainable AI frameworks. The aim is to highlight current knowledge, identify limitations in existing models, and propose future research directions. Following PRISMA guidelines and the PICO method (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome), the review collects data from databases like PubMed, Web of science, scienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore (2005–2024). The Rayyan AI tool is used for duplicate removal and screening. The screening process includes an initial review of titles and abstracts, followed by full-text appraisal. The Meta Quality Appraisal Tool (MetaQAT) assesses the quality of selected articles. Of 1323 records, 97 duplicates were removed. After screening, 895 records were excluded, leaving 331 for full-text review. Among these, 184 articles were excluded for lacking AI relevance. Ultimately, 95 key articles (91 technical papers and 4 reviews) were identified for their contributions to AI-based LSS prediction. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of AI techniques in LSS prediction, guiding future research and advancing understanding in areas like explainable AI and large language models (LLMs). © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) Harmonization Large language models (LLMs) LSS prediction Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) Spinal LSS indices measurements

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Assessing the Effectiveness of Machine Learning Algorithms in Vehicle Insurance Fraud Prediction: A Comparative Approach 3

Assessing the Effectiveness of Machine Learning Algorithms i...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Satone, Aditya P. Daronde, Subodh Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Medical Engineering Maharashtra Wardha442001 India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering Maharashtra Wardha442001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

Due to the wealth of information accessible on many insurance issues, including travel and auto insurance, individuals are becoming more and more impacted by these kinds of insurance in today's society. But this tendency also makes room for dishonest practices. Insurance fraud is harmful and unlawful, regardless of who commits it - the vendor or the customer. Fraud can come from both the customer and the vendor. The consumer may commit fraud by filing exaggerated claims or using out-of-date policies, while the vendor may market insurance from phoney firms or neglect to submit premiums. This paper presents a comparative analysis of various classification algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), Linear Regression (LR), and Polynomial Regression, for detecting insurance fraud. The performance of these algorithms is evaluated using key metrics such as Precision, Recall, and F1-Score. The analysis reveals that the bestperforming model is the Random Forest, with a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 6.50, outperforming the other techniques. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Random forests

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A mathematical multi-objective optimization model and metaheuristic algorithm for effective advertising in the social internet of things

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4797-4821页

作者： Molaei, Reza Rahsepar Fard, Kheirollah Bouyer, Asgarali Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology University of Qom Qom Iran Department of Software Engineering Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University Tabriz Iran Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science Istinye University Istanbul Turkey

The integration of social networks with the Internet of Things (IoT) has been explored in recent research, giving rise to the Social Internet of Things (SIoT). One promising application of SIoT is viral marketing, which plays a critical role in modern advertising. However, current solutions proposed for viral marketing are often impractical in real-world scenarios, and there has been limited investigation into viral marketing within the context of SIoT. To address this issue, we present a multi-objective integer linear programming model named ILP-ASoT that facilitates advertising through SIoT. Our approach introduces two realistic parameters: the node sociality rate and the node appropriateness rate as an advertising destination. By balancing the cost of selecting a seed set with the number of users who receive the advertisement, our model offers an appropriate trade-off. Since this is proven as an NP-hard problem, A PSO-based metaheuristic algorithm is proposed to provide near-optimal solutions for advertising in SIoT, called PSO-ASoT. Through simulations, we show that our PSO-ASoT algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in several metrics, such as influence spread, advertising cost, and duplicated advertising rate. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms

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Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Expired Pharmaceuticals: Model Development and Application

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2025年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： Putra, Dzaki Asari Surya Ardyansyah, Nibras Bahy Putranto, Nicholaus Verdhy Trisnapradika, Gustina Alfa Akrom, Muhamad Rustad, Supriadi Dipojono, Hermawan Kresno Maezono, Ryo Faculty of Computer Science Study Program in Informatics Engineering Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang50131 Indonesia Research Center for Materials Informatics Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang50131 Indonesia Quantum and Nano Technologies Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia School of Information Science Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa923-1292 Japan

Corrosion poses a significant challenge in industries due to material degradation and high maintenance costs, making effective inhibitors essential. Recent studies suggest expired pharmaceuticals as alternative corrosion inhibitors, but identifying the most efficient compounds can be time-consuming. This study applies machine learning models, particularly Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR), to predict corrosion inhibition efficiency (CIE). The developed model is integrated into a web-based application, enabling real-time, accurate CIE predictions. Results show GBR as the more precise model for predicting CIE, with low error rates. The streamlit-based web application offers a user-friendly platform, facilitating quick identification of suitable inhibitors. It is flexible, supporting analysis beyond corrosion inhibitors, and significantly enhances the efficiency of the evaluation process. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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A Novel Multi-Task Learning-Based Approach to Multi-Energy System Load Forecasting

IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy

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IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy 2025年 12卷 209-219页

作者： Ahmed, Zain Jamil, Mohsin Ali Khan, Ashraf Memorial University of Newfoundland Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering St. John'sNLA1C 5S7 Canada

Multi-Energy Systems (MES) allow optimal interactions between different energy sources. Accurate load forecasting for such intricate systems would greatly enhance the performance and economic incentive to employ them. This article proposes a state-of-the-art deep learning based architecture to forecast multiple loads. The algorithm utilizes load correlations to select optimal input parameters. These optimal inputs are fed to D-TCNet (Deep - Temporal Convolution Network). This network uses multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) to encode the spatial relationship among exogenous variables which is fed to a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN). The TCN resolves temporal information in the multi-load time series which is used for forecasting these loads for fixed output horizon. The proposed novel method is used on the energy consumption data for multi energy system of University of Austin Tempe Campus. The proposed method shows improved performance across all three energy types as well as all four seasons. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A General Scalable Approach for Knowledge Selection based on Iterative Hybrid Encoding and Re-ranking

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Data Intelligence 2025年第1期7卷 124-142页

作者： Zhisheng Huang Xudong Jia Tao Chen Zhongwei Zhang Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 529020GuangdongChina College of Engineering and Computer Science California State UniversityNorthridge CA 91330USA

Knowledge selection is a challenging task that often deals with semantic drift issues when knowledge is retrieved based on semantic similarity between a fact and a question. In addition, weak correlations embedded in pairs of facts and questions and gigantic knowledge bases available for knowledge search are also unavoidable issues. This paper presents a scalable approach to address these issues. A sparse encoder and a dense encoder are coupled iteratively to retrieve fact candidates from a large-scale knowledge base. A pre-trained language model with two rounds of fine-tuning using results of the sparse and dense encoders is then used to re-rank fact candidates. Top-k facts are selected by a specific re-ranker. The scalable approach is applied on two textual inference datasets and one knowledge-grounded question answering dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that (1) the proposed approach can improve the performance of knowledge selection by reducing the semantic drift;(2) the proposed approach produces outstanding results on the benchmark datasets. The code is available at https://***/hhhhzs666/KSIHER.

关键词： Knowledge selection Textual inference Semantic drift Coarse-to-Fine

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Optimized ensemble deep learning approach for accurate breast cancer diagnosis using transfer learning and grey wolf optimization

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Evolving Systems 2025年第2期16卷 1-17页

作者： Hassan, Esraa Saber, Abeer El-Sappagh, Shaker El-Rashidy, Nora Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafr Elsheikh Egypt Information Technology Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Damietta University Damietta34517 Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala University Suez435611 Egypt

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most significant threats to women’s health worldwide, affecting one in eight women and causing over 42,250 deaths in 2024. Early detection plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes, with mammography being the primary screening method most health organizations recommend. This paper highlights the potential of deep learning (DL) in enhancing diagnostic Accuracy and speed. However, despite the promising results of DL models, the increasing complexity of breast cancer data presents a significant challenge in selecting the most relevant features. We propose a robust DL model incorporating transfer learning (TL) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) to enhance BC diagnosis. The architecture is developed by leveraging multiple deep neural networks, including ResNet and Inception, based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). These networks are fine-tuned using a mammographic image dataset to optimize model weights and parameters for higher classification accuracy. Additionally, the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD) is utilized with GWO to refine feature selection further. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ensemble method improves robustness, generalization, and detection rates while minimizing false positives and negatives. Large-scale dataset evaluation yielded a precision of 0.942, sensitivity of 0.982, Accuracy of 0.965, and an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.971. These findings suggest that the proposed framework could significantly enhance patient care and improve healthcare service organization and management. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Diseases

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Dempster-shafer deep capsule attention model (DDCAM)

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-29页

作者： Mehravaran, Zahra Ghanizadeh, Ahmad Navid Hamidzadeh, Javad Harati, Ahad Department of Computer Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM) Mashhad Iran Department of Computer Science Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany Faculty of Computer Engineering and Information Technology Sadjad University Mashhad Iran

A capsule neural network faces significant challenges in achieving high accuracy on complex datasets due to its high computational complexity and limited ability to represent features. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a novel framework, Dempster-Shafer Deep Capsule Attention Model (DDCAM), that combines 3D convolution with attention mechanisms to improve feature representation. This model utilizes the Dempster-Shafer Theory to manage uncertainty and optimize feature selection, resulting in more reliable and accurate learning. In this architecture, dense capsule blocks are used to improve gradient flow and mitigate the effects of vanishing gradients. The DDCAM consistently outperforms state-of-the-art capsule networks on a wide range of datasets, especially complex datasets such as MNIST, CIFAR10, SVHN, and Fashion MNIST. DDCAM improves accuracy by 1.29% on CIFAR10 and 0.76% on SVHN compared to existing models, while achieving precision improvements of 1.22% and 1.08% on CIFAR10 and SVHN, respectively. Additionally, experiments conducted on the AffNIST dataset demonstrate the robustness of DDCAM in handling affine transformations, where it achieved significantly higher accuracy compared to existing models. These results illustrate the model’s enhanced ability to capture complex data relationships and improve both accuracy and precision, advancing capsule neural network performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Attention mechanism Capsule networks Deep learning

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