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2024 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science, SCEECS 2024

作者： Andrews, Leo John Baptist Alagappan, Annamalai Sarathkumar, D. Fathima, M. Venkatachary, Sampath Kumar Rajeshkanna, R. Raj, Raymon Antony Botho University Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Information Technology Gaborone Botswana Botho University Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Network and Infrastructure Management Gaborone Botswana Kongu Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamilnadu Erode District638 060 India Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Grant Thornton Botswana Plot 50370 Acument Park Fair Grounds Gaborone Botswana Thamirabarani Engineering College Department of Eee Tamil Nadu Tirunelveli627 358 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348460

Internet communication is used as a mode of engagement by businesses, organizations, and even nations in a variety of contexts. As a result, both the quantity of data produced and the importance of the information that can be derived from it are growing. Multiple safeguards are required in order to ensure that the accessibility, integrity, and confidentiality of company information and assets are maintained. When it comes to protecting the privacy of a company and its reputation, adopting countermeasures and minimizing the damage caused by irreversible cyberattacks are both very crucial. It is possible to utilize both active and passive attack tactics, as well as social engineering tests, to evaluate the weaknesses of a corporation's cyber security. The identification and ranking of vulnerabilities both play an active part in the process of raising the level of corporate awareness, as well as closing shortfalls and enhancing measures. In this investigation, ethics committee reports and confidentiality agreements were followed in order to do a cyber security vulnerability assessment on seven separate organizations. These organizations represented the governmental sector, the corporate sector, and the civil society. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the firms' cyber security infrastructures, security scans such as port, web, application-based system and network penetration tests, distributed denial of service attacks, and social engineering were carried out. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) was used in order to change the base score of each institution and to identify the vulnerabilities that were present. Enterprise Networks, Cyber Security Analysis, Cyber Attacks, Penetration, and Vulnerability are some of the Keywords that can be found in this article. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： cyber analysis Introduction cyber security cyber-attacks vulnerabilities

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Experimental and empirical study of in-plane seismic performance of unreinforced masonry walls with large and multiple openings

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Structures 2025年 78卷

作者： Salman, Muhammad Javed, Muhammad Asif Jan, Mohammad Arshad, Muhammad Adeel Hussain, Sajjad Rehman, Zahid ur Faculty Department of Civil Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan Project Manager AECOM Infrastructure Consulting Firm Saudi Arabia Faculty Department of Mining Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan

Modern unreinforced masonry constructions with large and multiple openings are particularly vulnerable to earthquake-induced damage due to their poor seismic performance. This study investigates the in-plane seismic behavior of large-scale unreinforced masonry wall specimens constructed with fired clay bricks, representing two typical configurations: one with a single large opening and another with two identical openings. The specimens were subjected to vertical stress equivalent to two-story masonry buildings and cycles of lateral in-plane displacements till the verge of collapse. The findings of this research study revealed significant cracking in the exterior spandrel joints of both specimens, leading to its early instability and loss of structural integrity due to out-of-plane movement, rather than any in-plane failure mechanisms developing within the piers. The specimen with multiple openings exhibited lower lateral strength, reduced energy dissipation, and greater deformation capacity compared to the single-opening specimen, primarily due tothe pronounced flexural response of individual piers. Lateral strength and drift capacities at various performance levels were also estimated using ASCE and Eurocode. These codes accurately predicted lateral strength, while overestimating the ultimate drifts and performance levels due to differences in failure mechanisms and boundary conditions introduced by the spandrels. Furthermore, an empirical relation was proposed based on incorporating the effect of these factors along with the aspect ratio of the piers and axial compression ratio, to effectively estimate the displacement capacity of piers in actual masonry walls or buildings. The proposed relation demonstrated a stronger correlation with experimental results compared to estimation from ASCE and Eurocode. © 2025 Institution of Structural Engineers

关键词： Brick

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Experimental study on lateral performance of a frame with deep beams and hanging mud walls in traditional japanese residential houses 13

Experimental study on lateral performance of a frame with de...

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13th World Conference on Timber engineering: Timber for a Livable Future, WCTE 2023

作者： Li, Zherui Isoda, Hiroshi Kitamori, Akihisa Nakagawa, Takafumi Araki, Yasuhiro College of Civil Engineering Xi an University of Architecture and Technology China Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University Japan Faculty of Engineering Osaka Sangyo University Japan National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781713873297

This study aimed to investigate the resistance of a frame with deep beams and hanging mud walls, clarify the working mechanisms and contributions of different load-bearing elements in the frame. A series of comparative experiments of the frames with and without hanging mud walls were carried out in the first step, as well as frames with hanging mud walls of different height aspect ratios. The contributions of main load-bearing elements, including mortisetenon joints, deep beams, and hanging mud walls, were identified. Secondly, the performance of the deep beam and beamcolumn joints were discussed. Additionally, the parameter analysis of the height aspect ratios of hanging mud walls was also performed combined with component tests. Copyright © (2023) WORLD CONFERENCE ON TIMBER engineering 2023 (WCTE 2023) All rights reserved.

关键词： Timber

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Optical fiber sensors and their applications to engineering projects of structural health monitoring 10

Optical fiber sensors and their applications to engineering ...

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10th International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent infrastructure, SHMII 2021

作者： Li, Hong-Nan Ren, Liang Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China

In the past decade, much attention has been paid to the research, development, and application of structural health monitoring worldwide. Sensors based on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology have the special potentials of being lightweight and small in size, inert and corrosion-resistant, immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI), easily multiplexed, and multifunctional (they may measure strain, temperature, pressure, vibration and so on), which make them promising candidates for the structural health monitoring. This presentation serves as a tutorial to introduce the optical fiber sensors developed by our research group, in particular FBG sensors for structural health monitoring, presenting their operating principles, types, major components, and merits. In addition, a new acquisition device demodulating electrical and optical signals has been developed. Finally, the state-of-the-art of FBG sensors applications and new devices for structural health monitoring in practical projects will also be introduced. © 2021 International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent infrastructure: Transferring Research into Practice, SHMII. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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A new strategy using intelligent hybrid learning for prediction of water binder ratio of concrete with rice husk ash as a supplementary cementitious material

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Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2025年第1期10卷 1-17页

作者： Bashir, Abba Jibril, Mahmud M. Jibrin, Umar Muhammad Abba, Sani I. Malami, Salim Idris Department of Civil Engineering Federal University Dutsin-Ma Katsina Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kano University of Science and Technology KUST Wudil Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Al Khobar 31952 Saudi Arabia Institute for Infrastructure & Environment Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

It is important to point out that the precise prediction of water binder ratio “w/b ratio” or “W_C” is indispensable for gaining the desirable characteristics of strength and duration of concrete constructions. This research offers a new method for w/b ratio prediction based on state-of-art machine learning (ML) algorithms accompanied with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods. The main aspect of the research approach is described using 192 database containing different mix design parameters and the environmental conditions. With the help of ensemble learning models such as Random forest (RF), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model, Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) and Response surface methodology (RSM), the prediction model has performed better than the empirical methods with RVM-M3 surpass all other models with the highest R value equal to 0.9992 in calibration phase and RF-M3 surpassing other model combinations in verification phase with R value equal to 0.9984. Furthermore, the integration of XAI revealed the key influential variables affecting the w/b ratio prediction and the main influential variables related to w/b ratio as well as their importance are determined, where Cement (Ce) identified as the most impactful parameter that improved the prediction accuracy of RF-M3 model. The results prove that the proposed method increases the prediction accuracy and provides engineers with a dependable means of augmenting concrete mix designs to enhance concrete’s durability performance and sustainability. This research expands the understanding and principles of concrete technology, hence facilitating the use of AI-based solutions in civil engineering practices and other relevant domains. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Compressive strength Durability Shrinkage Sustainability Water binder ratio

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Predicting Power Consumption Anomaly Using Statistical and Supervised Machine Learning Techniques 6

Predicting Power Consumption Anomaly Using Statistical and S...

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6th IEEE Information technology and Mechatronics engineering Conference, ITOEC 2022

作者： Tan, Yi-Fei Tan, Wooi-Nee El-Hadad, Rawan Buhari, Abudhahir Faculty of Engineering Multimedia University Persiaran Multimedia Selangor Cyberjaya63100 Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology Infrastructure University Department of Computer Science and Networking Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665431859

Power has become an essential element of daily life in the modern world. At the same time, over usage of electricity may lead to excessive power consumption, causing the device to short circuit or be on fire. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor and forecast the anomalies in power consumption to avoid any tragedy. In this paper, the authors proposed a method of predicting anomalies in power consumption. The proposed method uses a statistical approach in labeling;the labeled power consumption data are then used to form the data instances. Later, supervised machine learning classification techniques, namely Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Random Forest, are implemented on the data instances to predict the power consumption anomalies. The experimental results demonstrate that the precision, recall, and F1 score are achieving better results when the training dataset is larger. Besides that, the results show that the techniques used to handle the imbalanced data will affect the performance of models. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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Optimization of Damage Features Contaminated by Nonstationary Colored Noise Algorithms using Johansen Cointegration 14

Optimization of Damage Features Contaminated by Nonstationar...

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14th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring: Designing SHM for Sustainability, Maintainability, and Reliability, IWSHM 2023

作者： Hassani, Sahar Dackermann, Ulrike Gandomi, Amir H. Centre for Infrastructure Engineering and Safety School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New South Wales SydneyNSW Australia Faculty of Engineering and IT University of Technology Sydney UltimoNSW2007 Australia O Buda University Budapest1034 Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956930

For structural health monitoring (SHM), researchers have primarily investigated the effects of signals contaminated with stationary white noise, with very few studies examining pollution caused by highly correlated nonstationary colored noise, such as Brown noise. To address this issue, this paper proposes an optimization-based damage detection technique for composite structures exposed to nonstationary colored noise using condensed frequency response functions (CFRF) as damage-sensitive features (DSF). Two different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of Brownian motions, i.e., 20 and 10, are used in the investigation to contaminate CFRFs. Contamination produces nonstationary patterns, making it difficult to detect damage with vibration-driven methods. In this study, we propose a new goal function based on Johansen cointegration, an econometric concept. The proposed objective function converts nonstationary CFRF signals into stationary representations, subsequently fed into optimization-based model updating algorithms. The Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA) is employed to update unknown structural damage indices based on the constructed objective function. The new method is validated on a finite element (FE) model simulating composite laminates with different ply orientations. By comparing the proposed method to a damage detection approach in the literature, the superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated. © 2023 by DEStech Publi cations, Inc. All rights reserved

关键词： Damage detection

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Characterizing PM2.5 Pollution in Urban Jakarta: Insights from Morphology, Elemental Composition, and Concentration Analysis 3rd

Characterizing PM2.5 Pollution in Urban Jakarta: Insights fr...

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3rd International Conference on Radioscience, Equatorial Atmospheric Science and Environment, INCREASE 2023

作者： Qonitan, Fatimah Dinan Kuncoro, Nadhine Wahyutami Rahman, Ari Rahmi, Silmi Alfia Damayanti, Seny Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Infrastructure Planning Universitas Pertamina Jakarta Indonesia Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science University of Birmingham BirminghamB15 2TT United Kingdom Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819707393

Increasing public concern about air quality in Jakarta's urban areas has brought attention to the critical issue of air pollution's impact on public health, given that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is consistently identified as a critical pollutant with adverse effects, comprehending its sources and levels is essential for effective air quality management. This research aimed to assess the mass concentration of PM2.5 in a mixed-urban site in Kebayoran Lama district, South Jakarta, Indonesia. Specifically, this study investigates PM2.5 concentration, morphology, and elemental composition during the beginning of the dry season in 2023. Data collection occurred over a week in May 2023, employing a High Volume Air Sampler (HVAS) for each 24-h sampling duration, as mandated by the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). A comparison with a 2020 study during the COVID-19 pandemic suggests a post-pandemic deterioration in air quality. The morphology and elemental composition were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDS). Results from this study revealed an average concentration of PM2.5 concentration was 38.81 ± 15.20 µg/Nm3 (95% CI), and Air Quality Index was 80.73 ± 16.81 (95% CI), indicative of a "moderate" air quality level. When considering temporal fluctuations, PM2.5 concentrations exhibited significantly higher levels on weekdays than on weekends, reflecting a + 49.06% increase. This study also found that a measurement during the weekdays surpassed the NAAQS threshold with a concentration of 65.20 µg/Nm3. SEM–EDS indicated contributions from vehicular emissions and coal combustion. While potential sources, including South Jakarta and East Jakarta, are identified through elemental analysis, pinpointing exact locations requires further investigation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy

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Real-Time Crack Classification with Wall-Climbing Robot Using MobileNetV2 22nd

Real-Time Crack Classification with Wall-Climbing Robot Usin...

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22nd Asia Simulation Conference, AsiaSim 2023

作者： Mazni, Mazleenda Husain, Abdul Rashid Shapiai, Mohd Ibrahim Ibrahim, Izni Syahrizal Zulkifli, Riyadh Anggara, Devi Willieam School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Skudai Malaysia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Johor Kampus Pasir Gudang Jalan Purnama Masai Malaysia Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Forensic Engineering Centre Institute for Smart Infrastructure and Innovative Construction Faculty of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Malaysia School of Computing Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819972395

Detecting cracks on concrete surfaces is a crucial task in civil engineering inspections, but it poses significant challenges due to the small and concealed nature of cracks. Visual detection is particularly difficult on uneven or rough concrete surfaces. To overcome these challenges, our research focuses on developing an automated system that utilizes a wall-climbing robot for crack classification. Our main objective is to introduce a crack classification technique using MobileNetV2, enabling real-time classification without human intervention. The Convolution Neural Network (CNN) model used for crack classification is based on MobileNetV2, which is fine-tuned by adjusting the sensitivity of its hyperparameters. Through extensive experiments, we evaluate the performance of this CNN approach specifically designed for embedded systems. After evaluating our proposed approach of crack-detection on publicly available datasets, we have found that out of all the pre-trained CNN models MobileNetV2 yields the best performance with 99.56% detection accuracy, precision of 99.65%, recall of 99.48%, and F1-Score of 99.56%. However, it is important to note that the training time for this model is relatively high, taking 25,500 s. Future study of the study should focus on optimizing the computation time to improve efficiency. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Neural network models

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Long-term performance of packaged fiber Bragg grating sensors for strain monitoring inside creep medium

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2022年第1期13卷 42-63,I0003页

作者： Huanyu Yang Ying Huang Zhi Zhou Jinping Ou Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State UniversityFargoNorth DakotaUSA Hainan University School of Civil and Architectural EngineeringHaikou570228Hainan ProvinceChina School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

To investigate the long-term performance of the packaged fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensors embedded in civil infrastructure for strain monitoring,in this paper,the influence of host matrix’s creep effect on the behavior of the FBG sensors was systematically studied through theoretical,numerical,and experimental analysis.A theoretical strain transfer analysis between the optic fiber,packaging layer,and host matrix to consider the creep effect of the host matrix was performed accordingly for long-term strain *** studies were carried out using numerical analysis for FBG sensors packaged with glass fiber reinforced plastic(GFRP),also known as FBG-GFRP sensors in concrete,as an *** results show that embedded in a creep medium,an acceptable long-term performance of packaged FBG sensors requires the packaging layer to have a minimum length and maximum thick*** long-term creep tests using epoxy resin and concrete as host matrix for FBG-GFRP sensors also clearly demonstrated that the influence of creep effect cannot be ignored for strain measurements if the host matrix has a creep potential and the developed correction model performed well to reduce measurement errors of such sensors in creep medium.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings(FBG)sensor strain transfer creep packaging layer epoxy resin concrete

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