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Effect of Introducing Leucine Residues into 2-Aminoisobutyric Acid-Based Amphiphilic Helical Peptides on Intermolecular Interactions and Peptide Self-Assembly

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ACS Omega 2025年第21期10卷 22184-22190页

作者： Yamaguchi, Kasumi Kusumoto, Tomoichiro Araki, Takeshi Gomibuchi, Yuki Yasunaga, Takuo Osada, Satoshi Taira, Junichi Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering Saga University Saga 840-8502 Japan Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan Department of Physics and Information Technology Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan

In recent years, self-assembling de novo-designed peptides have attracted increasing attention as materials for constructing submicrometer-scale structures. We have previously conducted structure-activity relationship studies on the BXBA-20 series of 20-residue amphiphilic peptides containing 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) [Higashimoto, Y. et al. (1999) J. Biochem. 125, 705-712;Hara, T. et al. (2001) J. Biochem. 130, 749-755;Taira, J. et al. (2010) J. Pept. Sci. 16, 607-612]. These peptides share the common sequence Ac-(Aib-Xxx-Aib-Ala)₅-NH₂, where the introduction of a hydrophilic amino acid at the Xxx position results in the formation of a hydrophilic face on one side of the helix. Among them, some peptides exhibited weak intermolecular association and interactions with lipid membranes, though none demonstrated the ability to form submicrometer-scale structures through self-assembly. In this study, we present BKBL-20, a new member of this peptide series incorporating leucine on the hydrophobic face and lysine on the hydrophilic face. Circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated strong association in buffer, while hemolysis assays revealed significant membrane disruption. Transmission electron microscopy further confirmed the formation of ordered fibrous or array-like structures. These findings suggest that BKBL-20 successfully combines self-assembly and membrane-disruptive functions. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

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Fine-Tuning Whisper for Speech Translation: A Case Study on Translating Darija to Arabic

Fine-Tuning Whisper for Speech Translation: A Case Study on ...

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2024 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Labied, Maria Belangour, Abdessamad Banane, Mouad Laboratory of Information Technology and Modeling Ben m'Sik Faculty of Sciences LTIM Hassan II University Casablanca Morocco Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence & Complex Systems Engineering Faculty of Legal Economic and Social Sciences Hassan II University Casablanca Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

The task of translating Darija, a dialect of Arabic, into Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) presents significant challenges due to linguistic variations and the lack of representation in major models. Traditional speech recognition and translation systems, like Whisper, are generally trained on more standardized languages and often struggle with dialects like Darija. To address this issue, we fine-tuned the small version of Whisper on the Darija-C corpus for speech-to-text translation into MSA. Our approach involved adapting Whisper's translation capabilities by fine-tuning the model with 5000 training steps and evaluating its performance using the BLEUmetric. The fine-tuned model achieved a BLEU score of 0.65, reflecting a marked improvement over the baseline. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of fine-tuning models for dialectal translation tasks, offering insights into how underrepresented dialects like Darija can be better supported by advanced speech translation systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Darija-C Fine-Tuning Moroccan Darija Speech Translation Whisper

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Image Enhancement Using Adaptive Fractional Order Filter

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computer systems Science & engineering 2023年第5期45卷 1409-1422页

作者： Ayesha Heena Nagashettappa Biradar Najmuddin M.Maroof Surbhi Bhatia Arwa Mashat Shakila Basheer Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bheemanna Khandre Institute of TechnologyBhalkiVisveswaraya Technological UniversityBelagaviIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Khaja Banda Nawaz College of EngineeringVisveswaraya Technological UniversityBelagaviIndia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityAl-HofufAl-AhsaSaudi Arabia Faculty of Computing&Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 344Rabigh21911Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Science Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Image enhancement is an important preprocessing task as the contrast is low in most of the medical images,Therefore,enhancement becomes the mandatory process before actual image processing should *** research article proposes an enhancement of the model-based differential operator for the images in general and Echocardiographic images,the proposed operators are based on Grunwald-Letnikov(G-L),Riemann-Liouville(R-L)and Caputo(Li&Xie),which are the definitions of fractional order *** this fractional-order,differentiation is well focused on the enhancement of echocardiographic *** provoked for developing a non-linear filter mask for image *** designed filter is simple and effective in terms of improving the contrast of the input low contrast images and preserving the textural features,particularly in smooth *** novelty of the proposed method involves a procedure of partitioning the image into homogenous regions,details,and ***,a fractional differential mask is appropriately chosen adaptively for enhancing the partitioned pixels present in the *** is also incorporated into the Hessian matrix with is a second-order derivative for every pixel and the parameters such as average gradient and entropy are used for qualitative *** wide range of existing state-of-the-art techniques such as fixed order fractional differential filter for enhancement,histogram equalization,integer-order differential methods have been *** proposed algorithm resulted in the enhancement of the input images with an increased value of average gradient as well as entropy in comparison to the previous *** values obtained are very close(almost equal to 99.9%)to the original values of the average gradient and entropy of the *** results of the simulation validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Adaptive filter differential filter enhancement mask fractional differential mask fractional-order calculus hessian matrix

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Optimized Weighted Ensemble Using Dipper Throated Optimization Algorithm in Metamaterial Antenna

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5771-5788页

作者： Doaa Sami Khafaga El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Faten Khalid Karim Sameer Alshetewi Abdelhameed Ibrahim Abdelaziz AAbdelhamid Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt General Information Technology Department Ministry of DefenseThe Executive AffairsExcellence Services DirectorateRiyadh11564Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia

Metamaterial Antennas are a type of antenna that uses metamaterial to enhance *** bandwidth restriction associated with small antennas can be solved using metamaterial *** learning is gaining popularity as a way to improve solutions in a range of *** learning approaches are currently a big part of current research,and they’re likely to be huge in the *** model utilized determines the accuracy of the prediction in large *** goal of this paper is to develop an optimized ensemble model for forecasting the metamaterial antenna’s bandwidth and *** basic models employed in the developed ensemble are Support Vector Regression(SVR),K-NearestRegression(KNR),Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP),Decision Trees(DT),and Random Forest(RF).The percentages of contribution of these models in the ensemble model are weighted and optimized using the dipper throated optimization(DTO)*** choose the best features from the dataset,the binary(bDTO)algorithm is *** proposed ensemble model is compared to the base models and results are recorded and analyzed *** addition,two other ensembles are incorporated in the conducted experiments for *** ensembles are average ensemble and K-nearest neighbors(KNN)-based *** comparison is performed in terms of eleven evaluation *** evaluation results confirmed the superiority of the proposed model when compared with the basic models and the other ensemble models.

关键词： Metamaterial antenna dipper throated optimization feature selection parameters prediction

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Cardiac Arrhythmia Disease Classifier Model Based on a Fuzzy Fusion Approach

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4485-4499页

作者： Fatma Taher Hamoud Alshammari Lobna Osman Mohamed Elhoseny Abdulaziz Shehab Eman Elayat College of Technological Innovation Zayed UniversityDubaiUAE Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversitySakakaSaudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Delta Higher Institute for Engineering&TechnologyMansouraEgypt College of Computing and Informatics University of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Information Systems Mansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Teacher Preparation Faculty of Specific EducationMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt

Cardiac diseases are one of the greatest global health *** to the high annual mortality rates,cardiac diseases have attracted the attention of numerous researchers in recent *** article proposes a hybrid fuzzy fusion classification model for cardiac arrhythmia *** fusion model is utilized to optimally select the highest-ranked features generated by a variety of well-known feature-selection *** ensemble of classifiers is then applied to the fusion’s *** proposed model classifies the arrhythmia dataset from the University of California,Irvine into normal/abnormal classes as well as 16 classes of ***,at the preprocessing steps,for the miss-valued attributes,we used the average value in the linear attributes group by the same class and the most frequent value for nominal ***,in order to ensure the model optimality,we eliminated all attributes which have zero or constant values that might bias the results of utilized *** preprocessing step led to 161 out of 279 attributes(features).Thereafter,a fuzzy-based feature-selection fusion method is applied to fuse high-ranked features obtained from different heuristic feature-selection *** short,our study comprises three main blocks:(1)sensing data and preprocessing;(2)feature queuing,selection,and extraction;and(3)the predictive *** proposed method improves classification performance in terms of accuracy,F1measure,recall,and precision when compared to state-of-the-art *** achieves 98.5%accuracy for binary class mode and 98.9%accuracy for categorized class mode.

关键词： Cardiac arrhythmia preprocessing missing values classification model fusion

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Assessing Speech-to-Text Translation Quality: An Overview of Key Metrics

Assessing Speech-to-Text Translation Quality: An Overview of...

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2024 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Labied, Maria Belangour, Abdessamad Banane, Mouad LTIM Hassan II University Laboratory of Information Technology and Modeling Ben m'Sik Faculty of Sciences Casablanca Morocco Hassan II University Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence & Complex Systems Engineering Faculty of Legal Economic and Social Sciences Casablanca Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

Speech-to-text translation plays a pivotal role in numerous real-world applications, from virtual assistants to live translations. Ensuring high-quality translations requires robust evaluation metrics tailored to different model architectures. This paper presents a detailed review of key metrics for evaluating speech-to-text translation quality. Standard metrics like Character Error Rate, Word Error Rate, and BLEU are introduced, with an explanation of their calculation methods. The paper also explores metrics tailored to cascade models, addressing WER for automatic speech recognition, BLEU, METEOR, and Translation Edit Rate for machine translation, while considering pipeline latency in real-time scenarios. For end-to-end models, metrics such as BLEU, ROUGE, METEOR, and Joint Error Rate are discussed, along with the impact of end-to-end latency. The paper concludes by underscoring the importance of selecting the appropriate evaluation metrics and suggests areas for future research in metric development and model assessment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Errors

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Automatic depression recognition by intelligent speech signal processing:A systematic survey

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence technology 2023年第3期8卷 701-711页

作者： Pingping Wu Ruihao Wang Han Lin Fanlong Zhang Juan Tu Miao Sun Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Public Project Audit School of Engineering AuditNanjing Audit UniversityNanjingChina School of Information Engineering Nanjing Audit UniversityNanjingChina Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics(MOE) School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics&Computer ScienceDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

Depression has become one of the most common mental illnesses in the *** better prediction and diagnosis,methods of automatic depression recognition based on speech signal are constantly proposed and updated,with a transition from the early traditional methods based on hand‐crafted features to the application of architectures of deep *** paper systematically and precisely outlines the most prominent and up‐to‐date research of automatic depression recognition by intelligent speech signal processing so ***,methods for acoustic feature extraction,algorithms for classification and regression,as well as end to end deep models are investigated and ***,general trends are summarised and key unresolved issues are identified to be considered in future studies of automatic speech depression recognition.

关键词： acoustic signal processing deep learning feature extraction speech depression recognition

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Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Attacks Prevention with Blockchain and Deep Neural Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 6127-6140页

作者： Mohamed Ali Ibrahim A.Abd El-Moghith Mohamed N.El-Derini Saad M.Darwish Higher Institute for Tourism Hotels and ComputerAl-SeyoufAlexandria21533Egypt Department of Information Technology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria University21526Egypt Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21544Egypt

Routing is a key function inWireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)since it facilitates data transfer to base *** attacks have the potential to destroy and degrade the functionality ofWSNs.A trustworthy routing system is essential for routing security andWSN *** methods have been implemented to build trust between routing nodes,including the use of cryptographic methods and centralized ***,the majority of routing techniques are unworkable in reality due to the difficulty of properly identifying untrusted routing node *** the moment,there is no effective way to avoid malicious node *** a consequence of these concerns,this paper proposes a trusted routing technique that combines blockchain infrastructure,deep neural networks,and Markov Decision Processes(MDPs)to improve the security and efficiency of WSN *** authenticate the transmission process,the suggested methodology makes use of a Proof of Authority(PoA)mechanism inside the blockchain *** validation group required for proofing is chosen using a deep learning approach that prioritizes each node’s *** are then utilized to determine the suitable next-hop as a forwarding node capable of securely transmitting *** to testing data,our routing system outperforms current routing algorithms in a 50%malicious node routing scenario.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks trusted routing deep neural network blockchain markov decision

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Interpretable SHAP-Driven Machine Learning for Accurate Fault Detection in Software engineering 5th

Interpretable SHAP-Driven Machine Learning for Accurate Fau...

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5th Joint International Conference on AI, Big Data and Blockchain, ABB 2024

作者： Kassaymeh, Sofian Rjoub, Gaith Dssouli, Rachida Bentahar, Jamal Almobydeen, Shahed Bassam Faculty of Information Technology Aqaba University of Technology Aqaba Jordan Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada Department of Computer Science 6G Research Center Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9783031731501

In order to design and develop secure and reliable software, accurate prediction of software errors is crucial. The complex, nonlinear relationship between software features and bugs that occur during development despite precautions and measures taken to prevent them makes it difficult for traditional empirical models to predict these bugs with any degree of accuracy. An integration between the Decision Tree (DT) model and the SHAP (Shapley Additive exPlanations) technique was developed in this work with the aim of predicting software faults and providing informative explanations of the expected results. The synergistic advantages of integrating DT and SHAP allow the creation of an accurate, efficient, and fully interpretable technique. In order to make the process visible and reliable, SHAP provides a global explanation of how features of the developed software affect quality and a local explanation of how features contribute to each prediction. The tendency of software features to influence software quality was revealed by feature dependence analysis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Audiovisual speech recognition based on a deep convolutional neural network

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Data Science and Management 2024年第1期7卷 25-34页

作者： Shashidhar Rudregowda Sudarshan Patilkulkarni Vinayakumar Ravi Gururaj H.L. Moez Krichen Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JSS Science and Technology UniversityMysuru570006India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobar34754Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Manipal Institute of Technology BengaluruManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal560064India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology(FCSIT)Al-Baha UniversityAlaqiq65779-7738Saudi Arabia ReDCAD Laboratory University of SfaxSfax3038Tunisia

Audiovisual speech recognition is an emerging research *** is the recognition of what someone is saying using visual information,primarily lip *** this study,we created a custom dataset for Indian English linguistics and categorized it into three main categories:(1)audio recognition,(2)visual feature extraction,and(3)combined audio and visual *** features were extracted using the mel-frequency cepstral coefficient,and classification was performed using a one-dimension convolutional neural *** feature extraction uses Dlib and then classifies visual speech using a long short-term memory type of recurrent neural ***,integration was performed using a deep convolutional *** audio speech of Indian English was successfully recognized with accuracies of 93.67%and 91.53%,respectively,using testing data from 200 *** training accuracy for visual speech recognition using the Indian English dataset was 77.48%and the test accuracy was 76.19%using 60 *** integration,the accuracies of audiovisual speech recognition using the Indian English dataset for training and testing were 94.67%and 91.75%,respectively.

关键词： Audiovisual speech recognition,Custom dataset 1D Convolution neural network(CNN) Deep CNN(DCNN) Long short-term memory(LSTM) Lipreading Dlib Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient(MFCC)

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