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Identification of Anomaly Scenes in Videos Using Graph Neural Networks

computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5417-5430页

作者： Khalid Masood Mahmoud M.Al-Sakhnini Waqas Nawaz Tauqeer Faiz Abdul Salam Mohammad Hamza Kashif Department of Software Engineering Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Business Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Al-Madinah International University–Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Kuala LumpurMalaysia College of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinahKingdom of Saudi Arabia School of IT Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science(FECS)-Swinburne University of TechnologySarawak Department of General Education Skyline University CollegeUniversity City of SharjahUAE Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

Generally,conventional methods for anomaly detection rely on clustering,proximity,or *** themassive growth in surveillance videos,outliers or anomalies find ingenious ways to obscure themselves in the network and make conventional techniques *** research explores the structure of Graph neural networks(GNNs)that generalize deep learning frameworks to graph-structured *** node in the graph structure is labeled and anomalies,represented by unlabeled nodes,are predicted by performing random walks on the node-based graph *** to their strong learning abilities,GNNs gained popularity in various domains such as natural language processing,social network analytics and *** detection is a challenging task in computer vision but the proposed algorithm using GNNs efficiently performs the identification of *** Graph-based deep learning networks are designed to predict unknown objects and *** our case,they detect unusual objects in the form of malicious *** edges between nodes represent a relationship of nodes among each *** case of anomaly,such as the bike rider in Pedestrians data,the rider node has a negative value for the edge and it is identified as an *** encoding and decoding layers are crucial for determining how statistical measurements affect anomaly identification and for correcting the graph path to the best possible *** show that the proposed framework is a step ahead of the traditional approaches in detecting unusual activities,which shows a huge potential in automatically monitoring surveillance *** autonomous monitoring of CCTV,crime control and damage or destruction by a group of people or crowd can be identified and alarms may be triggered in unusual activities in streets or public *** suggested GNN model improves accuracy by 4%for the Pedestrian 2 dataset and 12%for the Pedestrian 1 dataset compared to a few state-of the-art techniq

关键词： Graph neural network deep learning anomaly detection auto encoders

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Seastar: A Cache-Efficient and Load-Balanced Key-Value Store on Disaggregated Memory

Seastar: A Cache-Efficient and Load-Balanced Key-Value Store...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing, CLUSTER 2024

作者： Du, Jingwen Wang, Fang Feng, Dan Zeng, Dexin Yi, Sheng Engineering Research Center of Data Storage Systems and Technology Ministry of Education of China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Key Laboratory of Information Storage System China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358711

In modern datacenters, memory disaggregation un-packs monolithic servers to build independent network-connected compute and memory pools, greatly improving resource uti-lization. Existing memory-disaggregated key-value stores adopt ownership sharing or ownership partitioning for request scheduling and they all show poor performance and scalability. The former generates multiple cache misses and multiple network round trips due to poor cache locality, while the latter fails to fully use resources on all Compute Nodes (CNs) due to load imbalance. In this paper, we propose Seastar, a fast and scalable key-value store that achieves high cache locality as well as load balancing. To enable high concurrency and ensure linearizability, Seastar exploits a self-verification version chain to provide out-of-place atomic updates and ensure consistent reads. To improve cache locality, Seastar leverages a pair-based ownership assigning scheme to assign the processing permission of requests corre-sponding to each key to a CN pair through two independent hash functions. To ensure load balancing among CNs, Seastar proposes a decentralized power-of-two-choices routing scheme to route the requests to the less-loaded CNs in CN pairs for handling. Experimental results demonstrate that Seastar improves the throughput by up to 6.7x and significantly reduces the latency compared with state-of-the-art memory-disaggregated key-value stores. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Scalability

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Optimization Techniques in University Timetabling Problem:Constraints,Methodologies,Benchmarks,and Open Issues

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6461-6484页

作者： Abeer Bashab Ashraf Osman Ibrahim Ibrahim Abakar Tarigo Hashem Karan Aggarwal Fadhil Mukhlif Fuad A.Ghaleb Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud Faculty of Computer Science&Information Technology Alzaiem Alazhari University13311KhartoumSudan Faculty Computing and Informatics Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu88400SabahMalaysia Department of Computer Science University of SharjahSharjah27272United Arab Emirates Electronic and Communication Engineering Department Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed to be UniversityMullanaAmbala133207HaryanaIndia Information Assurance and Security Research Group(IASRG) School of ComputingFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310JohorMalaysia Department of Information Systems King Khaled UniversityMuhayel61913AseerSaudi Arabia

University timetabling problems are a yearly challenging task and are faced repeatedly each *** problems are considered nonpolynomial time(NP)and combinatorial optimization problems(COP),which means that they can be solved through optimization algorithms to produce the aspired optimal *** techniques have been used to solve university timetabling problems,and most of them use optimization *** paper provides a comprehensive review of the most recent studies dealing with concepts,methodologies,optimization,benchmarks,and open issues of university timetabling *** comprehensive review starts by presenting the essence of university timetabling as NP-COP,defining and clarifying the two formed classes of university timetabling:University Course Timetabling and University Examination Timetabling,illustrating the adopted algorithms for solving such a problem,elaborating the university timetabling constraints to be considered achieving the optimal timetable,and explaining how to analyze and measure the performance of the optimization algorithms by demonstrating the commonly used benchmark datasets for the *** is noted that meta-heuristic methodologies are widely used in the ***,recently,multi-objective optimization has been increasingly used in solving such a problem that can identify robust university timetabling ***,trends and future directions in university timetabling problems are *** paper provides good information for students,researchers,and specialists interested in this area of *** challenges and possibilities for future research prospects are also explored.

关键词： University timetabling timetabling approaches meta-heuristics combinatorial optimization

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Wireless modulation classification based on Radon transform and convolutional neural networks

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第5期14卷 6263-6272页

作者： Ghanem, Hanan S. Al-Makhlasawy, Rasha M. El-Shafai, Walid Elsabrouty, Maha Hamed, Hesham F. A. Salama, Gerges M. El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Minia University Minia61111 Egypt Department of Computers and Systems Electronics Research Institute Cairo Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Alexandria Egypt Faculty of Engineering Egyptian-Russian University Cairo Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are efficient tools for pattern recognition applications. They have found applications in wireless communication systems such as modulation classification from constellation diagrams. Unfortunately, noisy channels may render the constellation points deformed and scattered, which makes the classification a difficult task. This paper presents an efficient modulation classification algorithm based on CNNs. Constellation diagrams are generated for each modulation type and used for training and testing of the CNNs. The proposed work depends on the application of Radon Transform (RT) to generate more representative patterns for the constellation diagrams to be used for training and testing. The RT has a good ability to represent discrete points in the spatial domain as curved lines. Several pre-trained networks including AlexNet, VGG-16, and VGG-19 are used as classifiers for modulation type from the spatial-domain constellation diagrams or their RTs. Several simulation experiments are presented in this paper to compare different scenarios for modulation classification at different Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) and fading channel conditions. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Fading channels

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Earthworm Optimization with Improved SqueezeNet Enabled Facial Expression Recognition Model

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computer systems Science & engineering 2023年第8期46卷 2247-2262页

作者： N.Sharmili Saud Yonbawi Sultan Alahmari E.Laxmi Lydia Mohamad Khairi Ishak Hend Khalid Alkahtani Ayman Aljarbouh Samih M.Mostafa Computer Science and Engineering Department Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering for WomenVisakhapatnamAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology RiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Engineering CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Nibong TebalPenang14300Malaysia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11564Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Central AsiaNaryn722600Kyrgyzstan Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt

Facial expression recognition(FER)remains a hot research area among computer vision researchers and still becomes a challenge because of high intraclass *** techniques for this problem depend on hand-crafted features,namely,LBP,SIFT,and HOG,along with that a classifier trained on a database of videos or *** execute perform well on image datasets captured in a controlled condition;however not perform well in the more challenging dataset,which has partial faces and image ***,many studies presented an endwise structure for facial expression recognition by utilizing DL ***,this study develops an earthworm optimization with an improved SqueezeNet-based FER(EWOISN-FER)*** presented EWOISN-FER model primarily applies the contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE)technique as a pre-processing *** addition,the improved SqueezeNet model is exploited to derive an optimal set of feature vectors,and the hyperparameter tuning process is performed by the stochastic gradient boosting(SGB)***,EWO with sparse autoencoder(SAE)is employed for the FER process,and the EWO algorithm appropriately chooses the SAE ***-ranging experimental analysis is carried out to examine the performance of the proposed *** experimental outcomes indicate the supremacy of the presented EWOISN-FER technique.

关键词： Facial expression recognition deep learning computer vision earthworm optimization hyperparameter optimization

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Satellite-Derived NO2 Data to Predict Hospital Admissions: A Machine Learning-Based Approach

Satellite-Derived NO2 Data to Predict Hospital Admissions: A...

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Emerging Technologies and Innovation for Sustainability (EmergIN), International Conference on

作者： Bhushan Pawar Lalit Garg Vijay Prakash Ryan Stevenson Matthew Amaira Daria Soloducha Adam Kraus Computer Information Systems Faculty of Information & Communication Technology University of Malta Msida Malta Communications & Computer Engineering Faculty of Information & Communication Technology University of Malta Msida Malta

ISBN: (数字)9798350391268

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391275

Rising Levels of air pollution and changing environmental conditions are the global concern. There is substantial evidence linking short-term and long-term exposure to NO 2 (nitrogen dioxide) with multiple disorders such as asthma, Bronchitis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and Respiratory Infections in humans. However, multiple researchers have mainly depended on time-based exposure data, possibly overlooking fluctuations in NO 2 levels across different locations. We aim to analyze the relationship between NO 2 fluctuations and emergency department hospital admissions. We adopted machine learning (ML) based regression approaches to predict hospital admissions, we obtained emergency department hospital admissions from 2018–2019, while NO 2 tropospheric concentration was collected from the Sentinel 5P satellite. The results are evaluated using various evaluation matrices such as MSE (Mean Square Error), RMSE (Root Mean Square Error), R2 score, etc. Our study demonstrated that Random Forest and ExtraTreesRegressor models gained substantial predictive accuracy compared to other applied regression models. ExtraTreesRegressor proves its significance with R2 score of 67.11. These results deliver significant insights for hospitals and healthcare authorities by offering resource management through anticipating fluctuating NO 2 concentrations. Moreover, the findings of our study highlight the potential of extending this research to include several air pollutants and meteorological factors.

关键词： Technological innovation Hospitals Atmospheric modeling Predictive models Air pollution Resource management Nitrogen Forecasting Regression tree analysis Random forests

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Image Captioning with Reinforcement Learning 2

Image Captioning with Reinforcement Learning

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2nd IEEE International Conference on computer Vision and Machine Intelligence, CVMI 2023

作者： Verma, Anand Agarwal, Saurabh Arya, K.V. Petrlik, Ivan Esparza, Roberto Rodriguez, Ciro ABV-IIITM Gwalior Department of Information Technology Madhya Pradesh 474015 India ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Multimedia and Information Security Research Group Department of Computer Science and Engineering Gwalior474015 India National University Federico Villarreal Faculty of Industrial and Systems Engineering Lima Peru National University Mayor de San Marcos Faculty of Systems Engineering and Informatics Peru

ISBN: (纸本)9798350305142

Image captioning involves generating a natural language description that accurately represents the content and context of an image. To achieve this, image captioning utilises various machine learning techniques and fields, such as computer vision and natural language processing. In the field of image captioning, a lot of advances have been made with encoder-decoder models and reinforcement learning algorithms. However, there are still problems of imbalance between testing and training, as reinforcement learning only handles single comparator metrics such as CIDEr, SPICE, and BLEU and could not perform better in multiple metrics at once. Which is why a lack of diversity can be seen in generated captions. This idea proposes a general technique for collaborative updating that can bridge the gap between evaluation measures and test metrics to produce captions that are more human-like. To increase the precision of image captions, the approach involves using a compiled reward system that considers multiple evaluation metrics to compare the generated sentence with the provided sentences. We will evaluate the model's performance and the reward updating process on standard datasets like MS COCO. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Artificial intelligence based machine learning algorithm for prediction of cancer in female anatomy

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第16期84卷 15735-15761页

作者： Ghantasala, G S Pradeep Hung, Bui Thanh Chakrabarti, Prasun R, Sathiyaraj Pellakuri, Vidyullatha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Alliance College of Engineering and Design Alliance University Karnataka Bangalore India Data Science Laboratory Faculty of Information Technology Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh city Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Deputy Provost ITM SLS Baroda University Gujarat Vadodara India Department of CSE GITAM School of Technology GITAM University Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram Guntur India

Breast and cervical cancers account for more than 85 percent of all cancer-related fatalities in developing nations, according to the World Cancer Research Fund. As a result, breast and cervical cancer have become one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide. This field is still in its infancy, with only a few studies in gynaecology and computer science looking into the detection of breast and cervical cancer. According to the researchers, medical records and early testing from individuals with breast and cervical cancer will be used in this study to determine the prognosis of those suffering from the diseases. To assess our cervical cancer predictions, we employed machine learning models such as Optimized Hybrid Ensemble Classifier (OHEC), which were trained on patient behavior and variables revealed to be associated with patient behavior. The datasets in this study have a substantial number of missing values, and the distribution of those values has been altered as a function of the missing values. OHEC classifier performance has been shown to improve when the number of features is reduced and the problem of high-class imbalance is resolved, because the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the classifier, as well as the number of false positives, were used to demonstrate the success of feature selection in the suggested model's predictive analysis. This has been demonstrated through the use of numerous tests involving categorization challenges. The study underscores the critical significance of early detection and prognosis in combating breast and cervical cancers, which remain leading causes of mortality worldwide. Through the utilization of machine learning models like the OHEC, the authors have demonstrated the potential for improved predictive accuracy and clinical outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of addressing challenges such as missing data and class imbalance in enhancing the performance of predictive models for effective

关键词： Diseases

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Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklength Probabilistic Shaping: A Comparison for Multilevel Coding Approach

Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklengt...

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2024 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, ACP 2024 and International Conference on information Photonics and Optical Communications, IPOC 2024

作者： Sheng, Yajie Chen, Bin Lei, Yi Deng, Jingxin Xu, Jiwei Fu, Mengfan Zhuge, Qunbi Li, Shen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université Laval Québec Canada

Performance of concatenated multilevel coding with probabilistic shaping (PS) and Voronoi constellations (VCs) is analysed over AWGN channel. Numerical results show that VCs provide up to 1.3 dB SNR gains over PS-QAM ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379266

关键词： Probability distributions

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A Trend Analysis of Test Smells in Python Test Code Over Commit History 49

A Trend Analysis of Test Smells in Python Test Code Over Com...

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49th Euromicro Conference on Software engineering and Advanced Applications, SEAA 2023

作者： Fushihara, Yuki Aman, Hirohisa Amasaki, Sousuke Yokogawa, Tomoyuki Kawahara, Minoru Ehime University Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Science Ehime790-8577 Japan Ehime University Center for Information Technology Ehime790-8577 Japan Okayama Prefectural University Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Okayama719-1197 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350342352

Software testing is an essential activity for developing and maintaining high-quality software. Unit testing with test code (test cases) is a fundamental testing activity, and developers can test their production code whenever they create or modify the code. However, such quality assurance relies on the correctness of the test code. If a test code had a flaw, it would mislead the developers about the hidden faults and prevent early detection of the faults. This paper focuses on "test smells,"which may cause test code flaws in Python programs, and analyzes their changing trends over commit history (code changes) toward better Python test code management. Through an empirical data analysis of 100 open-source projects, the paper reports the following findings: (1) a few kinds of test smells constitute the majority of smells detected in the studied projects, and (2) most kinds of smells tend to increase over commits, i.e., many test smells are likely to have remained in test code as technical debt. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Python

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