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New Particle Identification Approach with Convolutional Neural Networks in GAPS

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Yamatani, Masahiro Nakagami, Yusuke Fuke, Hideyuki Kawachi, Akiko Kozai, Masayoshi Shimizu, Yuki Yoshida, Tetsuya Institute of Space and Astronautical Science JAXA Sagamihara Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University Sagamihara Japan School of Science Tokai University Hiratsuka Japan Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research Research Organization of Information and Systems Tachikawa Japan Faculty of Engineering Department of Physics Kanagawa University Yokohama Japan

The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a balloon-borne experiment that aims to measure low-energy cosmic-ray antiparticles. GAPS has developed a new antiparticle identification technique based on exotic atom formation caused by incident particles, which is achieved by ten layers of Si(Li) detector tracker in GAPS. The conventional analysis uses the physical quantities of the reconstructed incident and secondary particles. In parallel with this, we have developed a complementary approach based on deep neural networks. This paper presents a new convolutional neural network (CNN) technique. A three-dimensional CNN takes energy depositions as three-dimensional inputs and learns to identify their positional/energy correlations. The combination of the physical quantities and the CNN technique is also investigated. The findings show that the new technique outperforms existing machine learning-based methods in particle identification. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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China CDC weekly 2022年第40期4卷 885-889,I0002-I0005页

作者： Yuan Bai Mingda Xu Caifen Liu Mingwang Shen Lin Wang Linwei Tian Suoyi Tan Lei Zhang Petter Holme Xin Lu Eric H.Y.Lau Benjamin J.Cowling Zhanwei Du WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public HealthLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited(D24H) Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases School of Public HealthXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’an CityShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Genetics University of CambridgeCambridge CB23EHUK College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha CityHunan ProvinceChina Department of Computer Science Aalto UniversityEspooFinland Center for Computational Social Science Kobe UniversityKobeJapan

Introduction:Minimizing the importation and exportation risks of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a primary concern for sustaining the“Dynamic COVID-zero”strategy in *** estimation is essential for cities to conduct before relaxing border control ***:Informed by the daily number of passengers traveling between 367 prefectures(cities)in China,this study used a stochastic metapopulation model parameterized with COVID-19 epidemic characteristics to estimate the importation and exportation ***:Under the transmission scenario(R0=5.49),this study estimated the cumulative case incidence of Changchun City,Jilin Province as 3,233(95%confidence interval:1,480,4,986)before a lockdown on March 14,2022,which is close to the 3,168 cases reported in real life by March 16,*** a total of 367 prefectures(cities),127(35%)had high exportation risks according to the simulation and could transmit the disease to 50%of all other regions within a period from 17 to 94 *** average time until a new infection arrives in a location in 1 of the 367 prefectures(cities)ranged from 26 to 101 ***:Estimating COVID-19 importation and exportation risks is necessary for preparedness,prevention,and control measures of COVID-19—especially when new variants emerge.

关键词： Export Changchun prevention

Inferring Actual Treatment Pathways from Patient Records

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wilkins-Caruana, Adrian Bandara, Madhushi Musial, Katarzyna Catchpoole, Daniel Kennedy, Paul J. Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute Faculty of Engineering and IT University of Technology Sydney Australia Complex Adaptive Systems Lab Data Science Institute Faculty of Engineering and IT University of Technology Sydney Australia Biospecimen Research Services The Children's Cancer Research Unit The Children's Hospital Westmead Australia Joint Research Centre in AI for Health and Wellness University of Technology Sydney Australia Ontario Tech University Canada

Objective: Treatment pathways are step-by-step plans outlining the recommended medical care for specific diseases;they get revised when different treatments are found to improve patient outcomes. Examining health records is an important part of this revision process, but inferring patients' actual treatments from health data is challenging due to complex event-coding schemes and the absence of pathway-related annotations. The objective of this study is to develop a method for inferring actual treatment steps for a particular patient group from administrative health records - a common form of tabular healthcare data - and address several technique- and methodology-based gaps in treatment pathway-inference research. Methods: We introduce Defrag, a method for examining health records to infer the real-world treatment steps for a particular patient group. Defrag learns the semantic and temporal meaning of healthcare event sequences, allowing it to reliably infer treatment steps from complex healthcare data. To our knowledge, Defrag is the first pathway-inference method to utilise a neural network (NN), an approach made possible by a novel, self-supervised learning objective. We also developed a testing and validation framework for pathway inference, which we use to characterise and evaluate Defrag's pathway inference ability, establish benchmarks, and compare against baselines. Results: We demonstrate Defrag's effectiveness by identifying best-practice pathway fragments for breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma in public healthcare records. Additionally, we use synthetic data experiments to demonstrate the characteristics of the Defrag inference method, and to compare Defrag to several baselines, where it significantly outperforms non-NN-based methods. Conclusions: Defrag offers an innovative and effective approach for inferring treatment pathways from complex health data. Defrag significantly outperforms several existing pathway-inference methods, but computationall

关键词： Semantics

On Embeddings and Inverse Embeddings of Input Design for Regularized System Identification

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Mu, Biqiang Chen, Tianshi Kong, He Jiang, Bo Wang, Lei Wu, Junfeng Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Data Science Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518172 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Key Laboratory for NSLSCS of Jiangsu Province School of Mathematical Sciences Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Input design is an important problem for system identification and has been well studied for the classical system identification, i.e., the maximum likelihood/prediction error method. For the emerging regularized system identification, the study on input design has just started, and it is often formulated as a non-convex optimization problem that minimizes a scalar measure of the Bayesian mean squared error matrix subject to certain constraints, and the state-of-art method is the so-called quadratic mapping and inverse embedding (QMIE) method, where a time domain inverse embedding (TDIE) is proposed to find the inverse of the quadratic mapping. In this paper, we report some new results on the embeddings/inverse embeddings of the QMIE method. Firstly, we present a general result on the frequency domain inverse embedding (FDIE) that is to find the inverse of the quadratic mapping described by the discrete-time Fourier transform. Then we show the relation between the TDIE and the FDIE from a graph signal processing perspective. Finally, motivated by this perspective, we further propose a graph induced embedding and its inverse, which include the previously introduced embeddings as special cases. This deepens the understanding of input design from a new viewpoint beyond the real domain and the frequency domain viewpoints. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

Machine Learning for Administrative Health Records: A Systematic Review of Techniques and Applications

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Caruana, Adrian Bandara, Madhushi Musial, Katarzyna Catchpoole, Daniel Kennedy, Paul J. Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute Faculty of Engineering and IT University of Technology Sydney Australia Complex Adaptive Systems Lab Data Science Institute Faculty of Engineering and IT University of Technology Sydney Australia Biospecimen Research Services The Children's Cancer Research Unit The Children's Hospital Westmead Australia Joint Research Centre in AI for Health and Wellness University of Technology Sydney Australia Ontario Tech University Canada

Machine learning provides many powerful and effective techniques for analysing heterogeneous electronic health records (EHR). Administrative Health Records (AHR) are a subset of EHR collected for administrative purposes, and the use of machine learning on AHRs is a growing subfield of EHR analytics. Existing reviews of EHR analytics emphasise that the data-modality of the EHR limits the breadth of suitable machine learning techniques, and pursuable healthcare applications. Despite emphasising the importance of data modality, the literature fails to analyse which techniques and applications are relevant to AHRs. AHRs contain uniquely well-structured, categorically encoded records which are distinct from other data-modalities captured by EHRs, and they can provide valuable information pertaining to how patients interact with the healthcare system. This paper systematically reviews AHR-based research, analysing 70 relevant studies and spanning multiple databases. We identify and analyse which machine learning techniques are applied to AHRs and which health informatics applications are pursued in AHR-based research. We also analyse how these techniques are applied in pursuit of each application, and identify the limitations of these approaches. We find that while AHR-based studies are disconnected from each other, the use of AHRs in health informatics research is substantial and accelerating. Our synthesis of these studies highlights the utility of AHRs for pursuing increasingly complex and diverse research objectives despite a number of pervading data- and technique-based limitations. Finally, through our findings, we propose a set of future research directions that can enhance the utility of AHR data and machine learning techniques for health informatics research. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

GoSafe: Globally optimal safe robot learning

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Baumann, Dominik Marco, Alonso Turchetta, Matteo Trimpe, Sebastian Institute for Data Science in Mechanical Engineering RWTH Aachen University Germany Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Stuttgart Germany Department of Computer Science ETH Zürich Switzerland

When learning policies for robotic systems from data, safety is a major concern, as violation of safety constraints may cause hardware damage. SAFEOPT is an efficient Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm that can learn policies while guaranteeing safety with high probability. However, its search space is limited to an initially given safe region. We extend this method by exploring outside the initial safe area while still guaranteeing safety with high probability. This is achieved by learning a set of initial conditions from which we can recover safely using a learned backup controller in case of a potential failure. We derive conditions for guaranteed convergence to the global optimum and validate GOSAFE in hardware experiments. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

An Interactive Annotation Method Based on Incremental Learning

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An Interactive Annotation Method Based on Incremental Learni...

Image Processing, Computer Vision and Machine Learning (ICICML), International Conference on

作者： Xiusheng Duan Guohua Sun Jingya Cao Yuyang Zhang Jingchao Yang Duyu Han Department of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Hebei Polytechnic Institute Shijiazhuang China Intelligent Application Technology Research and Development Center Hebei Provincial University Road Traffic Perception Shijiazhuang China School of Mechanical Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang China Faculty of Robot Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College Shijiazhuang China

In recent years, military science and technology has been developed rapidly, and new equipments has been equipped in the army. Augmented Reality (AR) technology provides the possibility to solve the problem of equipments operation training. But in the training process, One of the essential technologies is how to location and identify the operation keys. Obviously, the sample set of equipments operation keys is the basis of key recognition, and a certain scale of sample set is an indispensable element to ensure the performance of the recognition model. On the basis of manually establishing a small sample set, this paper puts forward a mechanism based on interactive automatic sample labeling and sample set expanding, the target recognition model was updated by incremental learning method at the same time.

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Enhancement of Security in IoT using Secure Hash Cryptography Algorithm with Double Encryption (SHCA-DE)

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Enhancement of Security in IoT using Secure Hash Cryptograph...

International Conference on Communication and Electronics systems (ICCES)

作者： G. Uganya D. Rajalakshmi Ramarao Vangapandu M. Dinesh Jayant Giri Mahmoud Odeh Department of ECE Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India Department of Data Science and Business Systems SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan's Institute of Engineering for Women Vishakhapatnam Department of VLSI Microelectronics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University Chennai Department of Mechanical Engineering Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Nagpur Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional University Phagwara India Department of Cyber Security Faculty of Information Technology Zarqa University Zarqa Jordan University of Business and Technology Jeddah Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798350377972

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377989

The “Internet of things” is the developing technology to transfer the world into smart innovation. “IoT” security is the most problematic issue in recent applications due to its properties including ‘centralized architecture’, ‘limited capacity devices’, and ‘ambiguity’. So, blockchain with “IoT” applications provides secure data communication compared to traditional “IoT” applications. Blockchain is a recent growing technology that has features including ‘decentralized structure’, ‘transparency’, ‘immutable records’, ‘increased capacity’, and ‘quick backtracks’. The ‘cryptography hash algorithm’ is very important to provide secure data transmission. It converted the different size input to fixed-size unalterable output to enhance the security. But still, it needs efficient algorithm to secure data transmission with safeguard of private key. The objective of this paper is to propose a secure hash cryptography algorithm with double encryption (SHCA-DE) to protect the private key message. Then, this proposed algorithm has been analyzed with MD5, SHA-256, and SHA3-512. From this analysis, the SHA3-512 performs well with proposed algorithm.

关键词： Hash functions Technological innovation Accuracy Public key cryptography Blockchains Encryption Internet of Things data communication

Diff-Reg: Diffusion Model in Doubly Stochastic Matrix Space for Registration Problem

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wu, Qianliang Jiang, Haobo Luo, Lei Li, Jun Ding, Yaqing Xie, Jin Yang, Jian PCA Lab Key Lab of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information Ministry of Education Jiangsu Key Lab of Image and Video Understanding for Social Security School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Nanjing University Suzhou China Visual Recognition Group Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Prague Czech Republic National University of Singapore Singapore

Establishing reliable correspondences is essential for 3D and 2D-3D registration tasks. Existing methods commonly leverage geometric or semantic point features to generate potential correspondences. However, these features may face challenges such as large deformation, scale inconsistency, and ambiguous matching problems (e.g., symmetry). Additionally, many previous methods, which rely on single-pass prediction, may struggle with local minima in complex scenarios. To mitigate these challenges, we introduce a diffusion matching model for robust correspondence construction. Our approach treats correspondence estimation as a denoising diffusion process within the doubly stochastic matrix space, which gradually denoises (refines) a doubly stochastic matching matrix to the ground-truth one for high-quality correspondence estimation. It involves a forward diffusion process that gradually introduces Gaussian noise into the ground truth matching matrix and a reverse denoising process that iteratively refines the noisy one. In particular, we deploy a lightweight denoising strategy during the inference phase. Specifically, once points/image features are extracted and fixed, we utilize them to conduct multiple-pass denoising predictions in the reverse sampling process. Evaluation of our method on both 3D and 2D-3D registration tasks confirms its effectiveness. The code is available at https://***/wuqianliang/Diff-Reg. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems