Plant diseases are a major impendence to food security,and due to a lack of key infrastructure in many regions of the world,quick identification is still *** losses owing to illnesses are a severe problem for both lar...
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Plant diseases are a major impendence to food security,and due to a lack of key infrastructure in many regions of the world,quick identification is still *** losses owing to illnesses are a severe problem for both large farming structures and rural communities,motivating our *** of the large range of diseases,identifying and classifying diseases with human eyes is not only time-consuming and labor intensive,but also prone to being mistaken with a high error *** learning-enabled breakthroughs in computer vision have cleared the road for smartphone-assisted plant disease and *** proposed work describes a deep learning approach for detection plant ***,we proposed a deep learning model strategy for detecting plant disease and classification of plant leaf *** our research,we focused on detecting plant diseases in five crops divided into 25 different types of classes(wheat,cotton,grape,corn,and cucumbers).In this task,we used a public image database of healthy and diseased plant leaves acquired under realistic *** our work,a deep convolutional neural model AlexNet and Particle Swarm optimization was trained for this task we found that the metrics(accuracy,specificity,Sensitivity,precision,and Fscore)of the tested deep learning networks achieves an accuracy of 98.83%,specificity of 98.56%,Sensitivity of 98.78%,precision of 98.67%,and F-score of 98.47%,demonstrating the feasibility of this approach.
Berkovich et al. [Proc. Amer. Math. Sec. 115 (1992), 955-959] classified all groups in which the degrees of the nonlinear irreducible characters are distinct. In this paper we classify all solvable groups in which onl...
Berkovich et al. [Proc. Amer. Math. Sec. 115 (1992), 955-959] classified all groups in which the degrees of the nonlinear irreducible characters are distinct. In this paper we classify all solvable groups in which only two nonlinear irreducible characters have equal degrees (Theorem 7). (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
The HUNTERS AND RABBIT game is played on a graph G where the Hunter player shoots at k vertices in every round while the Rabbit player occupies an unknown vertex and, if not shot, must move to a neighbouring vertex. T...
A variant of Kauffman's model of cellular metabolism is presented. It is a randomly generated network of boolean gates, identical to Kauffman's except for a small bias in favor of boolean gates that depend on ...
A variant of Kauffman's model of cellular metabolism is presented. It is a randomly generated network of boolean gates, identical to Kauffman's except for a small bias in favor of boolean gates that depend on at most one input. The bias is asymptotic to 0 as the number of gates increases. Upper bounds on the time until the network reaches a state cycle and the size of the state cycle, as functions of the number of gates n, are derived. For any c>0, if the bias approaches 0 slowly enough, the state cycles will be smaller than n(c).
Large-scale mobile social networks(MSNs)facilitate communications through mobile *** users of these networks can use mobile devices to access,share and distribute *** the increasing number of users on social networks,...
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Large-scale mobile social networks(MSNs)facilitate communications through mobile *** users of these networks can use mobile devices to access,share and distribute *** the increasing number of users on social networks,the large volume of shared information and its propagation has created challenges for *** of these challenges is whether users can trust one *** can play an important role in users'decision making in social networks,so that,most people share their information based on their trust on others,or make decisions by relying on information provided by other ***,considering the subjective and perceptive nature of the concept of trust,the mapping of trust in a computational model is one of the important issues in computing systeins of social ***,in social networks,various communities may exist regarding the relationships between *** connections and communities can affect trust among users and its *** this paper,using user characteristics on social networks,a fuzzy clustering method is proposed and the trust between users in a cluster is computed using a computational ***,through the processes of combination,transition and aggregation of trust,the trust value is calculated between users who are not directly *** show the high performance of the proposed trust inference method.
The existence of a true orbit near a numerically computed approximate orbit - shadowing - of autonomous system of ordinary differential equations is investigated. A general shadowing theorem for finite time, which gua...
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The existence of a true orbit near a numerically computed approximate orbit - shadowing - of autonomous system of ordinary differential equations is investigated. A general shadowing theorem for finite time, which guarantees the existence of shadowing in ordinary differential equations and provides error bounds for the distance between the true and the approximate orbit in terms of computable quantities, is proved. The practical use and the effectiveness of this theorem is demonstrated in the numerical computations of chaotic orbits of the Lorenz equations.
Cloud Computing is a new paradigm that provides software and hardware resources based on customers' needs. However, data security remains a significant concern, acting as a major barrier to its widespread adoption...
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A general treatment of the effects of pressurizing or supercharging reciprocating kinematic engines is presented. This is done in a broad new context which permits analysis of engines with multistroke cycles, pumping ...
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A general treatment of the effects of pressurizing or supercharging reciprocating kinematic engines is presented. This is done in a broad new context which permits analysis of engines with multistroke cycles, pumping loops, and variable buffer pressure. The concept of a monomorphic engine is introduced to analyze various schemes for improving engine performance by charging the workspace or bufferspace. Ideal Stirling engines are shown to have the maximum performance levels possible for general reciprocating engines and so represent the upper limit of pressurization effects.
We consider a repairable system modelled by a semi-Markov process whose finite state space is partitioned into the set of up states U, and the set of down states D. The mission availability is defined as the probabili...
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We consider a repairable system modelled by a semi-Markov process whose finite state space is partitioned into the set of up states U, and the set of down states D. The mission availability is defined as the probability that the system will not experience a down period exceeding, say, t(f) units of time before, say, T-o units of time in U have accrued. A system of integral equations is established for the mission availability under the semi-Markov assumption. A closed form solution is also derived, which, however, is not suitable for computational work. The 9-state model of a two-unit maintained system is analysed by numerically solving the system of integral equations using a two-point trapezoidal rule. The system of implementation is the matrix computation package MATLAB on the Apple Macintosh Quadra 610. The method is shown to compare favourably with simulation.
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